Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium
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Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a type of isoprenoid metabolic intermediate, mainly synthesized through the mevalonate pathway. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a key precursor in various biological synthesis processes, especially as a necessary substrate for post-translational modification of proteins - geranylgeranyl phosphorylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium regulates various cellular processes and disease progression through protein geranylgeranyl phosphorylation, such as activating the YAP signaling pathway, promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis; promoting IL-2 production and STAT5 phosphorylation; and influencing metabolic homeostasis and cancer, etc.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 95.0%
- CAS No.: 313263-08-0
- Formula: C20H45N3O7P2
- Molecular Weight:501.53
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Storage:
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (10 μM, 24 h) triammonium completely reverses the inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and the disorder of GLUT4 membrane translocation caused by Simvastatin (HY-17502) in C2C12 cells[1].
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (25 μM, 72 h) triammonium regulates the TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transformation through linalyl modification[2].
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (10 μM, 48 h) triammonium promotes hepatic lipid accumulation by prenylation of Perilipin4 in primary mouse liver cells[3].
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (10 μM, 96 h) triammonium in primary CD4+ and CD25 T cells modifies Ras protein by geranylgeranylylation, activates the Ras/ERK pathway, promotes IL-2 expression, and thereby enhances STAT5 phosphorylation, driving Treg cell differentiation[4].
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (10 μM, 12 h) triammonium completely reverses the proliferation defect and cell apoptosis caused by GGPS1 knockdown or Simvastatin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells[5].
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium, when its levels are reduced, inhibits the geranylgeranylation of oncogenic GTPases, ultimately inducing cancer cell death[6].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Primary human dermal fibroblasts and primary human cardiac fibroblasts
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Concentration:25 μM with Digeranyl bisphosphonate (DGBP) (HY-U00145) and TGF-β1
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Incubation Time:72 h
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Result:Reversed the inhibitory effect of DGBP, the levels of markers such as α-SMA, HSP47, periostin, and FAP were increased.
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Cell Line:Primary CD4+ and CD25 T cells
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Concentration:10 μM
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Incubation Time:96 h
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Result:Promoted the geranylgeranylation of Ras protein and activated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2.
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Cell Line:Primary CD4+ and CD25 T cells
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Concentration:10 μM
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Incubation Time:96 h
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Result:Increased the expression of IL-2 mRNA and enhanced the phosphorylation of STAT5.
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Cell Line:human umbilical vein endothelial cells
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Concentration:10 μM
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Incubation Time:12 h
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Result:Completely reversed cell apoptosis caused by GGPS1 knockdown or Simvastatin.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Colitis induced by DSS established in female C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks old)[1]
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Dosage:10 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once daily for 10 days
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Result:Significantly reduced weight loss, increased colon length, and lowered bleeding score. Reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and mucosal damage. Regulated the balance of T cells.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 313263-08-0
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 501.53
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Formula C20H45N3O7P2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=P(O)(OP(O)(O)=O)OC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/C.N.N.N
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : ≥ 25 mg/mL (49.85 mM)
DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (419 KB)
- English - EN (419 KB)
- Français - FR (419 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (419 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (419 KB)
- Español - ES (419 KB)
- Swedish - SV (419 KB)
- Italian - IT (419 KB)
- Korean - KR (419 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (419 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Zhu L, et al. Dietary Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Counteracts the Benefits of Statin Therapy in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension. Circulation. 2021 May 4;143(18):1775-1792. [Content Brief]
[2]. Wang L, et al. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate depletion by statins compromises skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Dec;13(6):2697-2711. [Content Brief]
[3]. Ross GR, et al. Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Promotes Profibrotic Factors and Collagen-Specific Chaperone HSP47 in Fibroblasts. J Cell Mol Med. 2024 Dec;28(24):e70273. [Content Brief]
[4]. Zhao Y, et al. Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate Promotes Hepatic Lipid Accumulation by Prenylation of Perilipin4. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025;19(9):101546. [Content Brief]
[5]. Pandit M, et al. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate amplifies Treg differentiation via increased IL-2 expression to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis. Eur J Immunol. 2021 Jun;51(6):1461-1472. [Content Brief]
[6]. Waller DD, et al. Inhibition of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and/or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) biosynthesis and its implication in the treatment of cancers. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2019 Feb;54(1):41-60. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O | 1 mM | 1.9939 mL | 9.9695 mL | 19.9390 mL | 49.8475 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3988 mL | 1.9939 mL | 3.9878 mL | 9.9695 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1994 mL | 0.9969 mL | 1.9939 mL | 4.9847 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1329 mL | 0.6646 mL | 1.3293 mL | 3.3232 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.0997 mL | 0.4985 mL | 0.9969 mL | 2.4924 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0798 mL | 0.3988 mL | 0.7976 mL | 1.9939 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0665 mL | 0.3323 mL | 0.6646 mL | 1.6616 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0498 mL | 0.2492 mL | 0.4985 mL | 1.2462 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium Related Classifications
HY-126370A Related Classifications
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