Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Sarafloxacin (A-56620) is a fluoroquinolone Antibacterial agent. Sarafloxacin inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, and both aminoglycoside-sensitive and aminoglycoside-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Guluronic acid (G2013) is an orally active oxidative stress regulator and anti-inflammatory agent that exerts pharmacological effects by down-regulating various pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress-related genes (such as TLR4, NF-κB, iNOS, etc.) and inhibiting the activities of COX-2, MMPs and VEGF. Low-dose Guluronic acid up-regulates the expression of immunoregulatory genes SHIP1 and SOCS1, thereby effectively inhibiting cancer-related inflammation, tumor angiogenesis, cell adhesion and metastasis, while reducing the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells. Guluronic acid significantly prolongs the survival time of tumor-bearing hosts within a concentration range without direct cytotoxicity, demonstrating favorable safety. Guluronic acid has involved in the research of multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, breast cancer and other inflammatory diseases.

Cefamandole (Cephamandole) is a semi-synthetic second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Cefamandole is resistant to hydrolysis by β-lactamases produced by some Gram-negative bacteria. Cefamandole kills Gram-positive cocci and various Gram-negative bacilli mainly by inhibiting cell wall synthesis, but it is inactive against Pseudomonas, Proteus vulgaris and Providencia stuartii, and its efficacy is affected by inoculum size. The plasma elimination half-life of Cefamandole in rats is only 0.4 h, it is mainly excreted in urine in biologically active form, and it hardly penetrates the non-inflamed blood-brain barrier. Cefamandole is widely used in studies related to bacterial infections.

Rhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is a flavonoid, that can be isolated from the roots of Polygala sibirica L. (Polygalaceae).

DGTS, as described, is a structural isomer of DGTA and one of the most common betaine lipids found in microalgae, particularly abundant in Chlorophyceae. DGTS is a helper lipid that is structurally similar to DSPE or DOPE.

Anti-Mouse CD122/IL-2Rβ Antibody (TM-Beta 1) is a rat-derived IgG2b κ type antibody inhibito, targeting to mouse CD122/IL-2Rβ. Anti-Mouse CD122/IL-2Rβ Antibody (TM-Beta 1) can block IL-2 and IL-15. Anti-Mouse CD122/IL-2Rβ Antibody (TM-Beta 1) can deplete natural killer (NK) cells and NKT cells. Anti-Mouse CD122/IL-2Rβ Antibody (TM-Beta 1) can be used for the researches of cancer, infection, inflammation, immunology and metabolic disease, such as melanoma, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and diabetes.

Cefetamet pivoxyl hydrochloride (Ro 15-8075) is an orally active cephalosporin Antibiotic and a prodrug of Cefetamet (HY-A0111). After ingestion, Cefetamet pivoxyl hydrochloride is hydrolyzed by gastrointestinal esterases to form Cefetamet. Cefetamet pivoxyl hydrochloride is primarily active against aerobic Gram-negative bacteria (such as Enterobacteriaceae, Neisseria, Haemophilus) and some Gram-positive bacteria (such as non-enterococcal streptococci). Cefetamet pivoxyl hydrochloride exhibits potent in vivo antibacterial activity against strains of Gram-positive bacteria (S. pyogenes) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. marcescens, P. vulgaris, P. mirabilis, H. influenzae).

Ziconotide TFA (SNX-111 TFA), a peptide, is a potent and selective block of N-type calcium channels antagonist. Ziconotide TFA reduces synaptic transmission, and can be used for chronic pain research.

PKR1 antagonist-2 is a non-peptide prokineticin receptor antagonist that preferentially binds to and blocks PK-R1 signaling while also blocking PK-R2. PKR1 antagonist-2 shifts the autoimmune response against myelin from a Th1/Th17 profile toward a Th2 profile, reducing myelin antigen-specific T cell proliferation and the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6, IL-17), and increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4/IL-10. PKR1 antagonist-2 significantly alleviates disease severity in relapsing-remitting and chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). PKR1 antagonist-2 can be used in research related to multiple sclerosis .

MOG (92-106), mouse, rat is a 15-peptide encephalitogenic epitope composed of amino acid residues 92-106 of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). MOG (92-106), mouse, rat serves as an I-A^s-restricted CD4⁺ T cell antigen. MOG (92-106), mouse, rat also induces extensive B cell responses against secondary myelin antigens such as MBP and PLP. MOG (92-106), mouse, rat is applicable to studies on multiple sclerosis, EAE, autoimmune demyelination, and antigen-specific T/B cell responses.

Glycerol-¹³C-1 (Trihydroxypropane-¹³C-1) is the ¹³C-labeled Glycerol (HY-B1659). Glycerol is used in sample preparation and gel formation for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Piper methysticum extract extract is obtained from Piper methysticum, Piperaceae, and used to relax the body and mood, restore physical strength, and reduce pain. Piper methysticum extract is a more popular treatment of anxiety herb and is considered to be a non-addictive non-toxic herb. It has anti-anxiety, anti-fungal, anti-irritation, anti-inflammatory, soothing, sedative and other effects. It can effectively reduce the stimulation of skin neurons and inhibit the activation of NF-kB signal.

22-Oxo-20-hydroxyecdysone is a phytoecdysteroid, found in Serratula tinctoria (Asteraceae). 22-Oxo-20-hydroxyecdysone triggers supernumerary moulting and leg, mouth part malformations in Ornithodoros moubata females.

Quercetin 5,3′-dimethyl ether is a kind of flavonoid. Quercetin 5,3′-dimethyl ether can be isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum (Combretaceae). Quercetin 5,3′-dimethyl ether has anti-inflammatory activity and antibacterial activity.

Bracteoside is a flavonoid glycoside found in the flowering aerial parts of Centaurea bracteata Scop. (Asteraceae).

Cefiderocol-d₈ (S-649266-d₈) is the deuterated-labeled Cefiderocol (HY-17628). Cefiderocol (S-649266) is a siderophore cephalosporin which has a potent activity against a broad range of aerobic Gram-negative bacterial species with MIC₅₀s of 2 μg/mL or less.

D-Pinitol (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Pinitol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-pinitol (3-O-Methyl-D-chiro-inositol) is a natural compound presented in several plants, like Pinaceae and Leguminosae plants. D-pinitol exerts hypoglycemic activity and protective effects in the cardiovascular system. D-pinitol has antiviral and larvicidal activities.

Phillyrin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phillyrin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phillyrin is isolated from Forsythia suspensa Vahl (Oleaceae), has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Phillyrin has potential inductive effects on rat CYP1A2 and CYP2D1 activities, without affecting CYP2C11 and CYP3A1/2 activities. Phillyrin has anti-influenza A virus activities.

Cucurbitacin E (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cucurbitacin E. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cucurbitacin E is a natural compound which from Cucurbitaceae plants. Cucurbitacin E significantly suppresses the activity of the cyclin B1/CDC2 complex.

Fraxinellone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fraxinellone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fraxinellone is isolated from the root bark of the Rutaceae plant, Dictamnus dasycarpus. Fraxinellone is a PD-L1 inhibitor and inhibits HIF-1α protein synthesis without affecting HIF-1α protein degradation. Fraxinellone has the potential to be a valuable candidate for cancer treatment by targeting PD-L1.