2. MAPK/ERK Pathway Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Cytoskeleton Cell Cycle/DNA Damage TGF-beta/Smad Stem Cell/Wnt Neuronal Signaling NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation
  3. JNK SGK ROCK Tau Protein MMP DNA/RNA Synthesis Pyruvate Kinase NF-κB COX NO Synthase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
  4. PT109

PT109 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable multi-kinase inhibitor. By inhibiting PTBP1, PT109 promotes the switch of pyruvate kinase isoform from PKM2 to PKM1, thereby effectively inhibiting the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma multiforme and inducing its reprogramming into oligodendrocytes. PT109 also targets and regulates key signaling molecules such as JNK, SGK1, GSK3β to exert neuroprotective effects including promoting neurogenesis, inducing synapse formation and alleviating neuroinflammation. In Alzheimer's disease models, PT109 exhibits significant efficacy in improving spatial learning ability, along with excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. PT109 can be used to investigate metabolic reprogramming of glioblastoma multiforme and neuroprotective mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease.

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PT109

PT109 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 2059104-90-2

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

PT109 Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

View All JNK Isoform Specific Products:

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JNK1 JNK2 JNK3 JNK

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SGK1 SGK3 SGK2

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ROCK ROCK1 ROCK2

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MMP-1 MMP-2 MMP-3 MMP-8 MMP-9 MMP-13 MMP-14 MMP-17 ADAM10 ADAM17 MMP-7 MMP-12 MMP-10 MMP ADAM8 MMP-19

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RNASE L DNA Polymerases RNA Polymerases Helicases DNA Ligase

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NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

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COX COX-1 COX-2 COX-3

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nNOS iNOS eNOS

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

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  • Customer Review

Description

PT109 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable multi-kinase inhibitor. By inhibiting PTBP1, PT109 promotes the switch of pyruvate kinase isoform from PKM2 to PKM1, thereby effectively inhibiting the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma multiforme and inducing its reprogramming into oligodendrocytes. PT109 also targets and regulates key signaling molecules such as JNK, SGK1, GSK3β to exert neuroprotective effects including promoting neurogenesis, inducing synapse formation and alleviating neuroinflammation. In Alzheimer's disease models, PT109 exhibits significant efficacy in improving spatial learning ability, along with excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. PT109 can be used to investigate metabolic reprogramming of glioblastoma multiforme and neuroprotective mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease[1][2].

IC50 & Target

JNK1

0.143 μM (IC50)

JNK2

0.831 μM (IC50)

JNK3

0.285 μM (IC50)

SGK1

1.34 μM (IC50)

SGK2

5.6 μM (IC50)

SGK3

26.4 μM (IC50)

ROCK2

34 μM (IC50)

MMP-9

 

MMP-2

 

COX-2

 

iNOS

 

PKM1

 

In Vitro

PT109 (10 μM; 24 h) significantly reduces the proportion of Ki67-positive (proliferative) human glioblastoma T98G and U251 cells[1].
PT109 (10-20 μM; 24 h, 72 h) reduces the proteolytic activity and protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in a dose-dependent manner in T98G and U251 human glioblastoma cells, downregulates the expression of stem cell, astrocyte and neuron markers, while upregulating the expression of oligodendrocyte markers (MBP, MOG), induces morphological changes in T98G, U251 and U87 human glioblastoma cells[1].
PT109 (10-20 μM; 72 h, 1-7 days) reduces the protein levels of PTBP1 and PKM2 in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while increasing the PKM1 level and the PKM1/PKM2 ratio, in human glioblastoma U251 cells, with the most significant effect observed at 20 μM for 7 days[1].
PT109 (10 μM; 3 d) promotes the differentiation of C17.2 mouse neural stem cells into cholinergic neurons, upregulates the expression of neurogenesis markers and cholinergic markers, and does not induce astrocyte differentiation[2].
PT109 (0.3-3 μM; 3 d) promotes synaptogenesis in primary rat hippocampal neurons and cortical neurons by upregulating the expression of the synaptogenesis marker Synapsin-1[2].
PT109 (100 μg/mL; 10 h) exhibits favorable blood-brain barrier permeability in the in vitro PAMPA-BBB assay, indicating its potential for central nervous system exposure[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

PT109 Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: U251 human glioblastoma cell line
Concentration: 10, 20 μM (dose-response; 72 h); 20 μM (time-course; 1, 3, 7 days)
Incubation Time: 72 h; 1, 3, 7 days
Result: Increased PKM1 protein levels and the PKM1/PKM2 ratio, and decreased PTBP1 and PKM2 protein levels, in a dose-dependent manner over 72 h. Decreased PTBP1 and PKM2 levels in a time-dependent manner, and increased PKM1 levels and the PKM1/PKM2 ratio in a time-dependent manner, over 7 days of treatment with 20 μM, with the most significant effects observed at 7 days (P<0.001 for PTBP1 reduction).

Cell Differentiation Assay[2]

Cell Line: C17.2 murine neural stem cells
Concentration: 10 μM
Incubation Time: 3 days
Result: Increased the expression of Tuj-1 and MAP2 compared to vehicle control. Remarkably increased ChAT expression but showed no significant effect on GFAP expression relative to control.
In Vivo

PT109 (30-100 mg/kg; administered orally with diet daily; for 3-6 months) improves spatial learning and memory abilities, alleviates neuroinflammation, and downregulates the expression of phosphorylated JNK and Tau in APP/PS1 transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: APP/PS1 mice with Alzheimer's disease (male, 3 months old at study start, B6C3 background, Alzheimer's disease transgenic model)[2]
Dosage: 30 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg
Administration: oral; daily via diet; 3 or 6 months
Result: Reduced Morris water maze escape latencies on day 5 (100 mg/kg, 6 months treatment).\n
Increased step-through test escape latency and reduced error frequency (100 mg/kg, 6 months treatment).\n
Significantly reduced number of activated microglia (Iba1-positive cells) and activated astrocytes (GFAP-positive cells) in brain cortex and hippocampus (30 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, 3 or 6 months treatment).\nSignificantly reduced hippocampal levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (30 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, 6 months treatment).\n
Significantly reduced hippocampal levels of phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) (30 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, 6 months treatment).\n
Significantly reduced hippocampal and cortical levels of phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau, S396) (30 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg, 6 months treatment).
Molecular Weight

429.64

Formula

C23H31N3OS2
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

O=C(CCCCC1SSCC1)NC2CCC(CC2)NC3=CC=CC4=C3C=CN=C4
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (232.75 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.3275 mL 11.6376 mL 23.2753 mL
5 mM 0.4655 mL 2.3275 mL 4.6551 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.82 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.82 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.3275 mL 11.6376 mL 23.2753 mL 58.1882 mL
5 mM 0.4655 mL 2.3275 mL 4.6551 mL 11.6376 mL
10 mM 0.2328 mL 1.1638 mL 2.3275 mL 5.8188 mL
15 mM 0.1552 mL 0.7758 mL 1.5517 mL 3.8792 mL
20 mM 0.1164 mL 0.5819 mL 1.1638 mL 2.9094 mL
25 mM 0.0931 mL 0.4655 mL 0.9310 mL 2.3275 mL
30 mM 0.0776 mL 0.3879 mL 0.7758 mL 1.9396 mL
40 mM 0.0582 mL 0.2909 mL 0.5819 mL 1.4547 mL
50 mM 0.0466 mL 0.2328 mL 0.4655 mL 1.1638 mL
60 mM 0.0388 mL 0.1940 mL 0.3879 mL 0.9698 mL
80 mM 0.0291 mL 0.1455 mL 0.2909 mL 0.7274 mL
100 mM 0.0233 mL 0.1164 mL 0.2328 mL 0.5819 mL
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PT109 Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

PT1092059104-90-2PT 109PT-109JNKSGKROCKTau ProteinMMPDNA/RNA SynthesisPyruvate KinaseNF-κBCOXNO SynthaseReactive Oxygen Species (ROS)c-Jun N-terminal kinaseSerum-glucocorticoid regulated kinaseSerum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinaseRho-associated protein kinaseRho-associated kinaseRho-kinaseROKMatrix metalloproteinasesNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBCyclooxygenaseNitric oxide synthasesNOSneurogenesisglioblastoma multiforme cellsPKCγSGK1APP/PS1 transgenic miceGSK3βoligodendrocytesAlzheimer’s diseasePTBP1Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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