Endocrinology

Chloropyramine hydrochloride is a histamine receptor H1 antagonist which can also inhibit the biochemical function of VEGFR-3 and FAK.

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane promotes the anchorage-independent growth of MCF-10A and MCF-10F cells. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane induces DNA damage, inhibits the expression of DNA-repairing protein BRCA1 under long-term and high-concentration exposure. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane exhibits intrinsic estrogenic activity.

Allylestrenol is an orally active synthetic anti-androgen sexualsteroid. Allylestrenol can prevent miscarriage in vivo. Allylestrenol significantly affects testosterone progesterone level in rat model. Allylestrenol can reduce ventral prostate weight in rat model.

Mequitazine is a potent, and long-acting histamine H₁ antagonist.

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human TFA, a 22-residue peptide, acts as an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

Tasosartan is a long-acting angiotensin II (AngII) receptor antagonist.

Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium (cADPR ammonium) is a potent second messenger for calcium mobilization that is synthesized from NAD⁺ by an ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium increases cytosolic calcium mainly by Ryanodine receptor-mediated release from endoplasmic reticulum and also by extracellular influx through the opening of TRPM2 channels.

Veldoreotide (DG3173) TFA a somatostatin analogue, binds to and activate the somatostatin receptors (SSTR) 2, 4, and 5. Veldoreotide TFA inhibits growth hormone (GH) secretion in adenomas compared with Octreotide (HY-P0036). Veldoreotide has the potential to be used as pain modulating agent

SCH28080 is a reversible, K⁺-competitive inhibitor of the gastric H,K-ATPase, with a K_i of 0.12 μM. SCH28080 is an effective inhibitor of acid secretion in vivo and with anti-gastric ulcer activity.

2-Hydroxysaclofen is a potent γ-amino-butyric-acid-B (GABA_B) receptor antagonist. 2-Hydroxysaclofen can abolish nicotine-induced hypolocomotor effects and increases the antinociceptive effects. 2-Hydroxysaclofen can stimulate luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in female rats.

Gastrin I, rat (Rat Gastrin-17) is a peptide hormone, can stimulate gastric acid secretion potently.

Chlorotrianisene is a long-acting non-steroidal estrogen and an orally active estrogen receptor modulator. Chlorotrianisene exhibits antiestrogenic activity. Chlorotrianisene potently inhibits the enzyme COX-1 and inhibits platelet aggregation in whole blood.

Tafluprost acid (AFP-172), an active metabolic form of Tafluprost, is a selective prostanoid FP receptor agonist. Tafluprost acid shows a high affinity for human prostanoid FP receptor with K_i and EC₅₀ values of 0.4 nM and 0.53 nM, respectively. Tafluprost acid has 126 times weaker binding affinity for prostanoid EP3 receptor (IC₅₀=67 nM) than for the prostanoid FP receptor. Tafluprost acid can be used in the research of glaucoma.

Echistatin is a naturally derived RGD-containing snake venom peptide. Echistatin exhibits an IC₅₀ of 0.6 nM against mouse α_vβ₃ integrin, and acts as an antagonist against α_vβ₃, α_IIbβ₃, α₅β₁ integrins, pp125^FAK and paxillin. Echistatin reduces the phosphorylation of pp125^FAK and paxillin, inhibits the autophosphorylation and kinase activity of pp125^FAK, and weakens its binding to pp60^src and paxillin. Echistatin disrupts the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions, induces melanoma cell detachment from fibronectin, and regulates cell adhesion and motility. Echistatin inhibits osteoclast maturation and migration, bone resorption, platelet aggregation, bone loss, as well as adhesion and metastasis of Lewis lung cancer cells; it also increases the number of osteoclasts and bone coverage area in mice with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Echistatin can be used in research related to melanoma, lung cancer and secondary hyperparathyroidism.

GR 64349 is a selective neurokinin 2 (NK2) receptor agonist. GR 64349 selectively activates the NK-2 receptor subtype. GR 64349 activates tonic and rhythmic bladder contractions of the micturition reflex. GR 64349 acetate does not inhibit rhythmic bladder contraction activation induced by normal saline. GR 64349 induces inward currents.

CDK-IN-2 is a specific CDK9 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of less than 8 nM. CDK-IN-2 reduces the phosphorylation level of H3S10. CDK-IN-2 decreases the transition rate of spermatocytes from prophase to metaphase I.

Prednisone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Prednisone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Prednisone (Adasone) is a corticosteroid agent with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects that can be used to study diseases related to systemic lupus erythematosus.

10-Undecenoic acid zinc salt (Undecylenic acid zinc salt) is an antifungal agent. 10-Undecenoic acid zinc salt inhibits Aβ oligomerization, scavenges ROS and inhibits μ-calpain activity. 10-Undecenoic acid zinc salt has neuroprotective effects. 10-Undecenoic acid zinc salt has anticancer effects on a variety of tumors. 10-Undecenoic acid zinc salt inhibits C. albicans biofilm formation and MRSA infection. 10-Undecenoic acid zinc salt inhibits quorum sensing signals of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Dexloxiglumide is an orally active and selective cholecystokinin type A (CCKA) receptor antagonist. Dexloxiglumide is the active enantiomer of Loxiglumide, inhibits smooth muscle cell contractions induced by cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8). Dexloxiglumide exhibits moderate Caco-2 permeability that is polarized, concentration dependent, and pH dependent. Dexloxiglumide increases MRP1-substrate fluorescein uptake. Dexloxiglumide can be studied in research for gastrointestinal diseases and tumors.

Glycodehydrocholic acid is a bile acid glycine conjugate. Glycodehydrocholic acid is used to diagnose cancer and other diseases.