AMPK Activator

D942 is a cell penetrant AMPK activator and partially inhibits the mitochondrial complex I. In multiple myeloma cells, D942 inhibits cell growth.

AMPK activator 20 is an α1-selective AMPK activator. AMPK activator 20 inhibits Helicobacter pylori-induced ROS production. AMPK activator 20 induces AMPK-dependent expression of Heme oxygenase-1. AMPK activator 20 suppresses Helicobacter pylori-induced Apoptosis. AMPK activator 20 exerts protective activity against Helicobacter pylori-induced cytotoxicity via an AMPK-dependent pathway. AMPK activator 20 is applicable to research related to Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric diseases.

Bisdemethoxycurcumin is an orally effective curcuminoid. Bisdemethoxycurcumin downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages by inhibiting the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK. Bisdemethoxycurcumin relieves autophagy inhibition and promotes lipophagy to clear vascular smooth muscle foam cells by inhibiting the PDK1/Akt/mTOR pathway. Bisdemethoxycurcumin activates the cAMP/Epac/AMPKα axis and the NRF2/HO-1 antioxidant axis, thereby indirectly inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and pro-inflammatory outputs such as IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α, so as to alleviate pulmonary oxidative stress, inflammatory infiltration and pulmonary edema. Bisdemethoxycurcumin blocks NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and protects cartilage extracellular matrix degradation by activating NRF2/HO-1. Bisdemethoxycurcumin also exerts a synergistic effect with potassium iodide against Candida.

AMPK activator 18 is a potent allosteric activator of AMPK complexes containing the β2 isoform. AMPK activator 18activates α2-containing AMPK α2β2γ1 and α2β2γ3 complexes, with EC₅₀ values of 17.2 and 82.1 nM. AMPK activator 18 stimulates β2-AMPK in cells, and glucose uptake by isolated skeletal muscle. AMPK activator 18 induces acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and AMPK α-T172 phosphorylation. AMPK activator 18 can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes.

AMPK activator 7 (compound I-3-24) is a an AMPK activator with the EC₅₀ of 8.8 nM. AMPK activator 7 can be used for the research of diseases involving AMPK, particularly diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertension.

D-Arabinose-¹³C-3 is the ¹³C-labeled D-Arabinose (HY-N0059). D-Arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC₅₀ is 7.5 mM). D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-Arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-Arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-Arabinose (HY-N7082).

Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are orally effective linear oligosaccharides with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Alginate oligosaccharides inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB, promote nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and phosphorylation of AMPK, and reduce the enhanced functional level of TRPV1. Alginate oligosaccharides improve oxidative stress, ROS production, mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction and gait impairment. Alginate oligosaccharides inhibit the release of neuropeptides; alter the structure and viscoelasticity of mucin matrix; disrupt bacterial and fungal biofilms; regulate gut microbiota; and exert anti-apoptotic effects.

AMPK activator 11 is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator with nanomolelevel antiproliferation activities against several CRCs. AMPK activator 11 selectively inhibits the RKO xenograft growth along by activating AMPK and upregulating oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) ( mitochondrial metabolism ) and can be used for anti-tumor and metabolic disease research.

Ciliatoside A is a naturally bioactive compound that exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and neuroprotective activities. Ciliatoside A serves as a mitophagy inducer and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, activating AMPK, SIRT1, and the PINK1/Parkin axis, and inhibiting pyroptosis and apoptosis. Ciliatoside A promotes autophagic flux, autophagosome-lysosome fusion, mTOR inhibition, and p62-dependent HBc degradation; reduces Aβ aggregation, plaque deposition, microglial/astrocyte activation, and bacterial load; and maintains neuronal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ATP production. Ciliatoside A is used in research on Alzheimer's disease, Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced pneumonia, hepatitis B virus infection, and inflammation.

Lipid-lowering agent-2 (Compound 14d) is an orally active lipid-lowering agent with an EC₅₀ of 0.06 μM. Lipid-lowering agent-2 inhibits the lipid synthesis, activates the AMPK signaling pathway, and exhibits anti-obesity effect. Lipid-lowering agent-2 inhibits food intake, improves the glucose metabolism, and reduces the body weight and adipose tissue in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.

Thalidezine is a novel activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Thalidezine can eliminate anti-apoptotic cancer cells through energy-mediated autophagy death. Thalidezine can be used to study apoptosis intervention .

AR493 is an autophagy activator acting on AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase). AR493 regulates pathways related to cellular energy sensing and increases autophagy levels. AR493 is promising for research of aging-associated diseases (such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases) and autophagy regulation.

4-O-Methyl-ascochlorin (Compound MAC) is a derivative of Ascochlorin (HY-101021). 4-O-Methyl-ascochlorin can selectively induce apoptosis of K562 leukemia cells, cause G1 phase arrest and downregulate c-Myc expression. 4-O-Methyl-ascochlorin can promote the phosphorylation of AMPK and inhibit the phosphorylation of mTOR and its target proteins, including p70S6 K and 4E-BP-1. 4-O-Methyl-ascochlorin can be used for research of leukemia.

D-Arabinose-d₅ is the deuterated-labeled D-Arabinose (HY-N0059). D-Arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC₅₀ is 7.5 mM). D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-Arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-Arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-Arabinose (HY-N7082).

Luteolin 7-diglucuronide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Luteolin 7-diglucuronide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Luteolin 7-diglucuronide is the major flavonoid isolated from Aloysia triphylla and Verbena officinalis.

Relaxin H3 (human) is a relaxin peptide with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-pyroptotic, anti-migratory, protective and anti-fibrotic activities. Relaxin H3 (human) acts on RXFP1 to generate cAMP and reduce the levels of ATP and ROS. Relaxin H3 (human) inhibits renal inflammatory pyroptosis (pyroptosis), NLRP3 inflammasome activation, caspase-1 activation, IL-1β/IL-18 secretion, collagen synthesis, TGF-β1 signaling pathway, Smad2 phosphorylation, myofibroblast differentiation, TIMP expression, and HRMEC migration. Relaxin H3 (human) activates AMPK, upregulates MFN2 expression, improves mitochondrial quality control and membrane potential, inhibits apoptosis (apoptosis) and pyroptosis, restores retinal ultrastructure, and reverses excessive left ventricular collagen expression. Relaxin H3 (human) can be used in studies related to kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, fibrotic cardiomyopathy, and diabetic retinopathy.

Atractyloside (potassium salt) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Atractyloside (potassium salt). This product is intended for use in research and analytical applications. Atractyloside potassium salt is a powerful and specific inhibitor of mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport. Atractyloside potassium salt inhibits chloride channels from mitochondrial membranes of rat heart. Atractyloside potassium salt activates autophagy, inhibits ANT2, mTOR and promotes the activation of p-AMPK. Atractyloside potassium salt has anti-cancer effects on non-small cell lung cancer and can inhibit liver steatosis. Atractylodesin potassium salt has nephrotoxicity.

Sodium acetate trihydrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard (Sodium acetate trihydrate (Pharmaceutical primary standard, USP)) is a carboxylic acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs). Sodium acetate trihydrate activates AMPK, increases ROS, cleaved caspase 9, PPARα, downregulates SREBP-1c, ChREBP expression. Sodium acetate trihydrate exhibits antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1A. Sodium acetate trihydrate regulates energy metabolism. Sodium acetate trihydrate has anticancer activity against gastric cancer. Sodium acetate trihydrate induces writhing reaction and ulcerative colitis. Sodium acetate trihydrate can be used in the researches for gastric cancer, ulcerative colitis, hepatic steatosis, and pain.

Kazinol B, a prenylated flavan with a dimethyl pyrane ring, is an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production. Kazinol B improves insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake via the insulin-Akt signaling pathway and AMPK activation. Kazinol B has the potential for diabetes mellitus research.

CX-5461 hydrochloride is a selective, orally active RNA polymerase I inhibitor. CX-5461 hydrochloride disrupts the formation of the SL1-rDNA complex, thereby blocking the transcription initiation of ribosomal RNA without altering the activity of RNA polymerase II, DNA replication, or protein translation processes. CX-5461 hydrochloride upregulates the expression of p21, MDM2, Sestrin1/2, and phosphorylated AMPKα, and reduces the level of phosphorylated Akt. CX-5461 hydrochloride induces G2/G2/M cell cycle arrest, Autophagy, Apoptosis, and cellular senescence, and activates CHK1, CHK2, and RPA. CX-5461 hydrochloride can be used in research related to osteosarcoma, cervical cancer, hematologic malignancies, high-grade serous ovarian cancer, and solid tumors.