Caspase 9 Inhibitor

Q-VD-OPh is an irreversible pan-caspase inhibitor with potent antiapoptotic properties; inhibits caspase 7 with an IC₅₀ of 48 nM and 25-400 nM for other caspases including caspase 1, 3, 8, 9, 10, and 12. Q-VD-OPh can inhibits HIV infection. Q-VD-OPh is able to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Z-VAD is an irreversible, broad-spectrum pan-caspase inhibitor that can inhibit a variety of caspases including caspase-3, -6, -7, -8, -9, etc. (with a weaker inhibitory effect on caspase-2). Z-VAD can block apoptosis signaling pathways, induce autophagy and necrosis in tumor cells, and has anti-angiogenic activity. Z-VAD can enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer and lung cancer cells to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo, and prolong the growth delay of tumor xenograft models. Z-VAD is well tolerated and is mainly used in research related to cancer radiosensitization and cell death pathway regulation.

Ac-DEVD-CHO is a Caspase-3 inhibitor with a K_i value of 230 pM.

Z-LEHD-FMK is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-9, protects against lethal reperfusion injury and attenuates apoptosis. Z-LEHD-FMK exhibits the neuroprotective effect in a rat model of spinal cord trauma.

Citicoline is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.

AGN 192403 (BRD4780) hydrochloride is a potent and selective imidazoline-1 receptor antagonist with a K_i value of 42 nM. AGN 192403 hydrochloride is also a TMED9 inhibitor. AGN 192403 hydrochloride shows protective effects on oxidative cytotoxicity and mitochondrial inhibitor-induced cytotoxicity in astrocytes. AGN 192403 hydrochloride mitigates the proliferation and migration of differentiated glioma tumor cells. AGN 192403 hydrochloride can be used for glioma tumor and neurological diseases research.

Paris saponin VII (Chonglou Saponin VII) is a steroidal saponin isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Trillium tschonoskii. Paris saponin VII-induced apoptosis in K562/ADR cells is associated with Akt/MAPK and the inhibition of P-gp. Paris saponin VII attenuates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and cytochrome c, and decreases the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP-1, and p-Akt. Paris saponin VII induces a robust autophagy in K562/ADR cells and provides a biochemical basis in the treatment of leukemia.

8-Gingerol can be found in the rhizome of ginger (Z. officinale) and has oral bioactivity. It activates TRPV1, with an EC₅₀ value of 5.0 µM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2 and also suppresses the growth of H. pylori in vitro. Additionally, 8-Gingerol exhibits anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and modulating its downstream STAT3/ERK pathway to suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. 8-Gingerol also exerts immunosuppressive effects by inhibiting oxidative stress, inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, and regulating autophagy. Furthermore, 8-Gingerol has cardioprotective effects. 8-Gingerol is promising for research in the fields of cancer, infection, immunosuppression, and cardiovascular diseases.

Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.

Caspase-9 Inhibitor III (Ac-LEHD-cmk) is a caspase-9 inhibitor. Caspase-9 Inhibitor III exhibits protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury.

Loliolide (Loliolid) is a β-carotene metabolite. Loliolide reduces caspase 3, 8, 9 expression, enhances PI3K, AKT, SIRT1, inhibits ROS, apoptosis, and blocks NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Loliolide protects mitochondria, reduces oxidative stress, and increases cell viability in neuroblastoma cells. Loliolide can be used for the research of UV-induced skin damage and Parkinson’s disease.

ML132 (NCGC-00183434) is a selective caspase 1 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.023 nM. ML132 has good stability and can be used as a caspase 1 molecular probe. ML132 is applicable to research in the fields of anticancer and anti-inflammatory studies.

Fenbufen (CL-82204) is an orally active non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with analgetic and antipyretic effects. Fenbufen has potent activity in a variety of animal model, including carageenin edema, UV erythema and adjuvant arthritis. Fenbufen has inhibitory activities against COX-1 and COX-2 with IC₅₀s of 3.9 μM and 8.1 μM, respectively. Fenbufen is a caspases (caspase-1, 3, 4, 5, 9) inhibitor.

Mulberrofuran G is a NOX inhibitor (IC₅₀: 6.9 μM) and tyrosinase inhibitor. Mulberrofuran G exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antitumor, and neuroprotective effects. Mulberrofuran G can be used in the research of tumors, nervous system diseases, and other conditions.

Citicoline-d₉ (Cytidine diphosphate-choline-d₉) sodium is the deuterium labeled Citicoline sodium (HY-B0739A). Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.

Azaleatin is an orally active inhibitor of hQC, NS2B-NS3 protease and E. coli β-glucuronidase, with IC₅₀ values of 1.1 μM, 38.00 μg/mL and 0.57 μM, respectively. Azaleatin inhibits the activities of NF-κB, MyD88, JAK1, TLR4, STAT3, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, TNF-α and β-glucuronidase, blocks pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, reduces the levels of ROS, MDA and uric acid, elevates the levels of GPx, GSR, GST, SOD, CAT, HO-1 and GSH, scavenges free radicals and exerts reducing capacity. Azaleatin inhibits the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3, and upregulates the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Azaleatin reduces the levels of cardiac injury markers, restores cardiac histological structure, inhibits Aβ aggregation, dengue protease activity, hepatic stellate cell proliferation and cancer cell growth, and also exhibits antibacterial activity. Azaleatin can be used in studies related to subchronic cardiotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, dengue fever, hyperuricemia, liver fibrosis, gastric cancer and bacterial infections.

Salvianolic acid D is a depside. Salvianolic acid D can be isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). Salvianolic acid D promotes the expression of Bcl-2, and inhibits the expressions of Bax, Cleaved caspase-3 and -9. Salvianolic acid D reduces the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88 and TRAF6 proteins both in vitro and in vivo, and significantly inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Salvianolic acid D inhibits the cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1. Salvianolic acid D suppresses inflammatory responses and alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Salvianolic acid D serves as a potential antiplatelet active component.

Citicoline (Cytidine diphosphate-choline) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citicoline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Citicoline is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.

Citicoline sodium (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citicoline sodium. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.

Maxadilan is a specific irreversible PAC1 receptor agonist and a potent vasodilator peptide present in the salivary glands of sand flies. Maxadilan exhibits anti-apoptotic activity in hADSCs. Maxadilan inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) and enhances anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-10). Maxadilan can activate leukocytes and inhibit vascular permeability through PAC1 receptors. Maxadilan promotes neural differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. Maxadilan can be used to study endotoxin shock, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.