Resiquimod
Based on 111 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Resiquimod is a Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 (TLR7/TLR8) agonist that induces the upregulation of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-α.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.87%
- CAS No.: 144875-48-9
- Formula: C17H22N4O2
- Molecular Weight:314.39
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Resiquimod
More- Nature. 2026 Feb;650(8100):242-250. [Abstract]
- Nat Nanotechnol. 2023 Apr;18(4):390-402. [Abstract]
- Adv Mater. 2024 Apr;36(16):e2308155. [Abstract]
- Adv Mater. 2024 May;36(18):e2310421. [Abstract]
- Adv Mater. 2023 Feb;35(7):e2208782. [Abstract]
- Nat Biomed Eng. 2025 Oct 22. [Abstract]
- Nat Biomed Eng. 2018 Aug;2(8):578-588. [Abstract]
- Bioact Mater. 2024 May 31:39:612-629. [Abstract]
- Adv Funct Mater. 2026 Feb 15.
- ACS Nano. 2025 Dec 23;19(50):42242-42260. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2025 Oct 21;19(41):36451-36464. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2024 Jul 16. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2024 Jun 11;18(23):14877-14892. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2024 Mar 19;18(11):8337-8349. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2024 Feb 27;18(8):6445-6462. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2022 Sep 27;16(9):15226-15236. [Abstract]
- ACS Nano. 2021 Sep 28;15(9):14347-14359. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2023 Sep 13;14(1):5653. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2022 Aug 4;13(1):4539. [Abstract]
- J Am Chem Soc. 2025 Mar 26. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharm Sin B. 2021 Apr;11(4):1069-1082. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Apr 28:e2409837. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec 5:e2410360. [Abstract]
- J Clin Invest. 2026 Mar 2;136(5):e196905. [Abstract]
- Exp Hematol Oncol. 2025 Mar 1;14(1):26. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2024 May 5;14(7):2934-2945. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2023 May 1.
- Biomaterials. 2025 May 15:322:123413. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2025 May 12:322:123402. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2024 Dec:311:122708. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2024 Apr:306:122480. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2022 Dec:291:121911. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Jun 5;23(1):417. [Abstract]
- Small. 2022 Mar;18(9):e2106296. [Abstract]
- Small. 2020 Dec;16(50):e2004905. [Abstract]
- J Control Release. 2023 Nov:363:361-375. [Abstract]
- J Control Release. 2023 Aug:360:858-871. [Abstract]
- Nano Today. 2025 Apr.
- Nano Today. 2024 Oct.
- Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020 Jan;72(1):166-178. [Abstract]
- Pharmacol Res. 2024 Nov 5:210:107489. [Abstract]
- Mater Today Bio. 2025 Jun 6:33:101954. [Abstract]
- Acta Biomater. 2025 Aug 12:S1742-7061(25)00602-6. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2024 Jul 25:e2401635. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Anal. 2025 Oct;15(10):101245. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2026 Feb 11. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Nov 13;16(45):61679-61691. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Sep 18;16(37):48969-48981. [Abstract]
- Drug Deliv. 2022 Dec;29(1):702-713. [Abstract]
- Mater Des. 2025 Dec 23.
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jun 14:177:116885. [Abstract]
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jun:175:116660. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2023 Nov 30;21(1):869. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2026 Feb 17. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2025 Dec 15;68(24):26030–26048.
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2023 Oct 26:18:6059-6073. [Abstract]
- Int J Nanomedicine. 2019 Aug 30;14:7053-7064. [Abstract]
- Phytother Res. 2025 Jun 18. [Abstract]
- Cancer Cell Int. 2024 Jul 3;24(1):232. [Abstract]
- Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 14:13:907808. [Abstract]
- Front Immunol. 2022 May 31:13:836274. [Abstract]
- Front Immunol. 2021 May 7:12:680068. [Abstract]
- Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 9:12:637659. [Abstract]
- Bioeng Transl Med. 2022 Aug 3;8(5):e10379. [Abstract]
- J Ginseng Res. 2024 Mar;48(2):190-201. [Abstract]
- ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2026 Feb 9;12(2):971-985. [Abstract]
- ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2023 Feb 13;9(2):773-783. [Abstract]
- Pharmaceutics. 2021 Dec 2;13(12):2060. [Abstract]
- Int J Pharm. 2025 Jun 23:125890. [Abstract]
- Cancer Gene Ther. 2023 Jun;30(6):866-877. [Abstract]
- Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 20;26(10):4901. [Abstract]
- Int J Oncol. 2022 Jul;61(1):81. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2024 Dec 4:15:1511423. [Abstract]
- ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2024 Aug 19;7(8):4843-4855. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Aug:121:110490. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Jan:114:109487. [Abstract]
- J Infect Dis. 2024 Jul 25;230(1):188-197. [Abstract]
- J Neuroendocrinol. 2024 Jun 1:e13417. [Abstract]
- J Biomed Mater Res A. 2022 Aug;110(8):1448-1459. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Sci. 2025 Oct 9;115(1):104019. [Abstract]
- J Pharm Sci. 2022 Nov;111(11):3038-3046. [Abstract]
- Clin Immunol. 2022 Jun:239:109042. [Abstract]
- Cytokine. 2018 Aug:108:24-36. [Abstract]
- Cytokine. 2017 Nov:99:310-315. [Abstract]
- Viruses. 2021 Oct 11;13(10):2046. [Abstract]
- Pathol Res Pract. 2026 Jun:282:156424. [Abstract]
- Biol Reprod. 2026 Jan 19:ioag014. [Abstract]
- Cell Immunol. 2025 Nov 28:420-421:105056. [Abstract]
- J Dermatol. 2024 Dec;51(12):1596-1606. [Abstract]
- Adv Ther (Weinh). 22 July 2021.
- Dev Comp Immunol. 2018 Apr:81:8-18. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2026 Feb 18. [Abstract]
- Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2023 Mar;280(3):1209-1217. [Abstract]
- Food Agric Immunol. 2025 Feb 08.
- Asia Pac Allergy. 2024 Aug;14(3):97-102. [Abstract]
- J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2016 Sep;36(9):563-72. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2026 Jun 18:rs.3.rs-9901177. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Feb 27.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Oct 1.
- University of Kansas. 2025.
- Patent. US20250235423A1.
- Patent. US20250235403A1.
- Patent. US20240417738A1.
- Harvard University. 2024 May.
- bioRxiv. 2024 August 09.
- Brain Behav Immun Integr. 2024 Dec:8:100081. [Abstract]
- Colorado State University. 2024.
- bioRxiv. 2024 Mar 13:2024.03.09.584084. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2021 Dec.
- Patent. US20210147545A1.
- bioRxiv. 2020 May.
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WB
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Cell Proliferation/Viability Assay
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RT-PCR
Biological Activity
|
TLR7 |
TLR8 |
|
Cell Line
|
Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | EC50 |
0.75 μM
Compound: R848
|
Agonist activity at human TLR7 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of NFKappaB activity after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR7 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of NFKappaB activity after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 32001135] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
1.4 μM
Compound: 2
|
Agonist activity at human TLR7 transfected in HEK cells assessed as NFkappaB induction after 24 hrs by specific secreted alkaline phosphatase gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR7 transfected in HEK cells assessed as NFkappaB induction after 24 hrs by specific secreted alkaline phosphatase gene assay
|
[PMID: 22837811] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
1.5 μM
Compound: 2
|
Agonist activity at human TLR-7 expressed in HEK293 cells after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR-7 expressed in HEK293 cells after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 24383475] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
260.1 nM
Compound: 2
|
Agonist activity at human TLR7 expressed in HEK293 cells coexpressing pNiFty2-SEAP reporter by reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR7 expressed in HEK293 cells coexpressing pNiFty2-SEAP reporter by reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 20232824] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
4 μM
Compound: Resiquimod
|
Agonist activity at human TLR8 expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 6 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR8 expressed in HEK293 cells incubated for 6 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 27270029] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
4.5 μM
Compound: 2
|
Agonist activity at human TLR-8 expressed in HEK293 cells after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR-8 expressed in HEK293 cells after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 24383475] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
5.87 μM
Compound: R848
|
Agonist activity at human TLR8 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of NFKappaB activity after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR8 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as induction of NFKappaB activity after 24 hrs by SEAP reporter gene assay
|
[PMID: 32001135] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
6.4 μM
Compound: 2
|
Agonist activity at human TLR8 transfected in HEK cells assessed as NFkappaB induction after 24 hrs by specific secreted alkaline phosphatase gene assay
Agonist activity at human TLR8 transfected in HEK cells assessed as NFkappaB induction after 24 hrs by specific secreted alkaline phosphatase gene assay
|
[PMID: 22837811] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
24 nM
Compound: R848
|
Antiviral activity against HCV infected human Huh7 replicon cells treated for 48 hrs with drug-induced mixed donor human PBMC supernatants assessed as viral levels by luciferase assay
Antiviral activity against HCV infected human Huh7 replicon cells treated for 48 hrs with drug-induced mixed donor human PBMC supernatants assessed as viral levels by luciferase assay
|
[PMID: 17548497] |
| PBMC | EC50 |
26.5 nM
Compound: R848
|
Antiviral activity against HCV infected human Huh7 replicon cells treated for 48 hrs with drug-induced single donor human PBMC supernatants assessed as viral levels by luciferase assay
Antiviral activity against HCV infected human Huh7 replicon cells treated for 48 hrs with drug-induced single donor human PBMC supernatants assessed as viral levels by luciferase assay
|
[PMID: 17548497] |
Resiquimod (R-848) induces both hapten- and allergen-specific circulating T cells, including TH2 effectors, to produce IFN-γ and even to lose the ability to produce IL-4[2].
Resiquimod (R848) enhances PBL proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and increases the number of BrdU-positive cells in BrdU incorporation assay. Cells treated with R848 exhibits significantly increased (3.5-fold) luciferase (a reporter of NF-κB activity) activity[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Please do not refer to only one article to determine the experimental conditions. It is recommended to determine the optimal experimental conditions (animal strain, age, dosage, frequency and cycle, detection time and indicators, etc.) through preliminary experiments before the formal experiment.
Resiquimod can be used to induce systemic lupus erythematosus models. Its pharmacokinetic characteristics feature a short half-life, a relatively low AUC at relevant doses, and a high Cmax[5].
Administration: 100 μg • topical application to the right ear • three times a week for 4 weeks.
Histology analysis: Marked splenomegaly, and the liver revealed severe mononuclear cell infiltration around the portal veins and hepatocyte necrosis.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 144875-48-9
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 314.39
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Formula C17H22N4O2
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Color White to light yellow
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SMILES
OC(C)(C)CN1C(COCC)=NC2=C1C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2N
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Synonyms
R848; S28463
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 1 year -20°C 6 months
Publications (111)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nature
2026 Feb;650(8100):242-250. PMID: 41372408 -
Nat Nanotechnol
A nanoadjuvant that dynamically coordinates innate immune stimuli activation enhances cancer immunotherapy and reduces immune cell exhaustion. [Abstract]2023 Apr;18(4):390-402. PMID: 36635335 -
Adv Mater
Myeloid Cell-Triggered In Situ Cell Engineering for Robust Vaccine-Based Cancer Treatment. [Abstract]2024 Apr;36(16):e2308155. PMID: 38295870 -
Adv Mater
Ultrasound Imaging of Tumor Vascular CD93 with MMRN2 Modified Microbubbles for Immune Microenvironment Prediction. [Abstract]2024 May;36(18):e2310421. PMID: 38270289 -
Adv Mater
Dual Immunostimulatory Pathway Agonism through a Synthetic Nanocarrier Triggers Robust Anti-Tumor Immunity in Murine Glioblastoma. [Abstract]2023 Feb;35(7):e2208782. PMID: 36427266 -
Nat Biomed Eng
Targeting immunosuppressive myeloid cells via implant-mediated slow release of small molecules to prevent glioblastoma recurrence. [Abstract]2025 Oct 22. PMID: 41125869 -
Nat Biomed Eng
TLR7/8-agonist-loaded nanoparticles promote the polarization of tumour-associated macrophages to enhance cancer immunotherapy. [Abstract]2018 Aug;2(8):578-588. PMID: 31015631 -
Bioact Mater
Turning foes to friends: Advanced " in situ nanovaccine" with dual immunoregulation for enhanced immunotherapy of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. [Abstract]2024 May 31:39:612-629. PMID: 38883315 -
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ACS Nano
Dual-Functional Nanotherapy-Reinforced Hydrogel for Synergistic Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Oral Tissue Repair. [Abstract]2025 Dec 23;19(50):42242-42260. PMID: 41366845 -
ACS Nano
2025 Oct 21;19(41):36451-36464. PMID: 41061756 -
ACS Nano
Chronological Management of Adjuvant Effect for Optimized mRNA Vaccine Inspired by Natural Virus Infection. [Abstract]2024 Jul 16. PMID: 39011561 -
ACS Nano
Syringeable Near-Infrared Light-Activated In Situ Immunogenic Hydrogel Boosts the Cancer-Immunity Cycle to Enhance Anticancer Immunity. [Abstract]2024 Jun 11;18(23):14877-14892. PMID: 38809421 -
ACS Nano
Coassembly Nanomedicine Mediated by Intermolecular Interactions Between Methotrexate and Baricitinib for Improved Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment. [Abstract]2024 Mar 19;18(11):8337-8349. PMID: 38437640 -
ACS Nano
Cathepsin B-Responsive Programmed Brain Targeted Delivery System for Chemo-Immunotherapy Combination Therapy of Glioblastoma. [Abstract]2024 Feb 27;18(8):6445-6462. PMID: 38358804 -
ACS Nano
In Situ Programming of Nanovaccines for Lymph Node-Targeted Delivery and Cancer Immunotherapy. [Abstract]2022 Sep 27;16(9):15226-15236. PMID: 36018240 -
ACS Nano
2021 Sep 28;15(9):14347-14359. PMID: 34472328 -
Nat Commun
Cell microparticles loaded with tumor antigen and resiquimod reprogram tumor-associated macrophages and promote stem-like CD8+ T cells to boost anti-PD-1 therapy. [Abstract]2023 Sep 13;14(1):5653. PMID: 37704614 -
Nat Commun
A public antibody class recognizes an S2 epitope exposed on open conformations of SARS-CoV-2 spike. [Abstract]2022 Aug 4;13(1):4539. PMID: 35927266 -
J Am Chem Soc
Fluorinated Ribonucleocarbohydrate Nanoparticles Allow Ultraefficient mRNA Delivery and Protein Expression in Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells. [Abstract]2025 Mar 26. PMID: 40135499 -
Acta Pharm Sin B
Intracellular aggregation of peptide-reprogrammed small molecule nanoassemblies enhances cancer chemotherapy and combinatorial immunotherapy. [Abstract]2021 Apr;11(4):1069-1082. PMID: 33996418 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Microbiota-Derived Inosine Suppresses Systemic Autoimmunity via Restriction of B Cell Differentiation and Migration. [Abstract]2025 Apr 28:e2409837. PMID: 40289872 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Targeted SPP1 Inhibition of Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells Effectively Decreases Tumor Sizes. [Abstract]2024 Dec 5:e2410360. PMID: 39639496 -
J Clin Invest
Ectopic B lymphocyte follicles exacerbate ischemic brain damage via MIF-CD74/CXCR4 and interferon signaling. [Abstract]2026 Mar 2;136(5):e196905. PMID: 41766668 -
Exp Hematol Oncol
TLR7/8 signaling activation enhances the potency of human pluripotent stem cell-derived eosinophils in cancer immunotherapy for solid tumors. [Abstract]2025 Mar 1;14(1):26. PMID: 40025520 -
Theranostics
2024 May 5;14(7):2934-2945. PMID: 38773971 -
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Biomaterials
ROS-catalytic self-amplifying benzothiophenazine-based photosensitive conjugates for photodynamic-immuno therapy. [Abstract]2025 May 15:322:123413. PMID: 40383087 -
Biomaterials
GSH-activable and cytolytic iPep-coupled immune nanoagonist for cancer synergetic therapy. [Abstract]2025 May 12:322:123402. PMID: 40373515 -
Biomaterials
Targeted reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages for overcoming glioblastoma resistance to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. [Abstract]2024 Dec:311:122708. PMID: 39047538 -
Biomaterials
Hypoxia-activated cascade nanovaccine for synergistic chemoembolization-immune therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2024 Apr:306:122480. PMID: 38271787 -
Biomaterials
T-cell engaging poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles as a modular platform to induce a potent cytotoxic immunogenic response against PD-L1 overexpressing cancer. [Abstract]2022 Dec:291:121911. PMID: 36399833 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Tumor-microenvironment responsive nanomodulator for near infrared photothermal immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Jun 5;23(1):417. PMID: 40474226 -
Small
Fibroblast Activation Protein-α Responsive Peptide Assembling Prodrug Nanoparticles for Remodeling the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment and Boosting Cancer Immunotherapy. [Abstract]2022 Mar;18(9):e2106296. PMID: 34914185 -
Small
Injectable Liquid Crystal Formation System for Reshaping Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment to Boost Antitumor Immunity: Postoperative Chemoimmunotherapy. [Abstract]2020 Dec;16(50):e2004905. PMID: 33206460 -
J Control Release
Drug-drug conjugates self-assembled nanomedicines triggered photo-/immuno- therapy for synergistic cancer treatments. [Abstract]2023 Nov:363:361-375. PMID: 37751826 -
J Control Release
Targeted co-delivery of resiquimod and a SIRPα variant by liposomes to activate macrophage immune responses for tumor immunotherapy. [Abstract]2023 Aug:360:858-871. PMID: 37473808 -
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Arthritis Rheumatol
Activated M2 Macrophages Contribute to the Pathogenesis of IgG4-Related Disease via Toll-like Receptor 7/Interleukin-33 Signaling. [Abstract]2020 Jan;72(1):166-178. PMID: 31339007 -
Pharmacol Res
A theranostic photosensitizer-conjugated albumin co-loading with resiquimod for cancer-targeted imaging and robust photo-immunotherapy. [Abstract]2024 Nov 5:210:107489. PMID: 39510147 -
Mater Today Bio
Extracellular matrix-degradable polymer nanostimulants elicit potent immune responses in orthotopic pancreatic cancer via sono-activatable dual-drug synergism. [Abstract]2025 Jun 6:33:101954. PMID: 40538751 -
Acta Biomater
MIL-100(Fe)-based Co-delivery platform as cascade synergistic chemotherapy and immunotherapy agents for colorectal cancer via the cGAS-STING pathway. [Abstract]2025 Aug 12:S1742-7061(25)00602-6. PMID: 40812610 -
Adv Healthc Mater
An Immunomodulator-Boosted Lactococcus Lactis Platform For Enhanced In Situ Tumor Vaccine. [Abstract]2024 Jul 25:e2401635. PMID: 39054611 -
J Pharm Anal
Ginsenoside CK potentiates SIRT1 to alleviate lupus nephritis through compensating for XBP1-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in plasma cells. [Abstract]2025 Oct;15(10):101245. PMID: 41282334 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
Triptolide derivative STP1 ameliorates murine systemic lupus erythematosus via targeting Fyn kinase. [Abstract]2026 Feb 11. PMID: 41673457 -
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
Rapid Hemostasis Tumor In Situ Hydrogel Vaccines for Colorectal Cancer Chemo-Immunotherapy. [Abstract]2024 Nov 13;16(45):61679-61691. PMID: 39480969 -
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
Percutaneous Delivery of Hederacoside C-Loaded Nanoliposome Gel Alleviates Psoriasiform Skin Inflammation through the CCL17/Treg Axis. [Abstract]2024 Sep 18;16(37):48969-48981. PMID: 39233638 -
Drug Deliv
Sonodynamical reversion of immunosuppressive microenvironment in prostate cancer via engineered exosomes. [Abstract]2022 Dec;29(1):702-713. PMID: 35236203 -
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Biomed Pharmacother
Artesunate alleviates Sjögren's Syndrome by inhibiting the interferon-α signaling in plasmacytoid dendritic cells via TLR-MyD88-IRF7. [Abstract]2024 Jun 14:177:116885. PMID: 38878633 -
Biomed Pharmacother
Exploring in vivo combinatorial chemo-immunotherapy: Addressing p97 suppression and immune reinvigoration in pancreatic cancer with tumor microenvironment-responsive nanoformulation. [Abstract]2024 Jun:175:116660. PMID: 38701563 -
J Transl Med
Inhibitory receptor CD47 binding to plasma TSP1 suppresses NK-cell IFN-γ production via activating the JAK/STAT3 pathway during HIV infection. [Abstract]2023 Nov 30;21(1):869. PMID: 38037074 -
J Med Chem
A Folate Receptor β-Targeted TLR7 Agonist Significantly Augments Checkpoint Inhibitor Potencies by Reprogramming Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. [Abstract]2026 Feb 17. PMID: 41700463 -
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Int J Nanomedicine
Sono-Immunotherapy Mediated Controllable Composite Nano Fluorescent Probes Reprogram the Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. [Abstract]2023 Oct 26:18:6059-6073. PMID: 37908671 -
Int J Nanomedicine
Co-delivery of allergen epitope fragments and R848 inhibits food allergy by inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells and regulatory T cells. [Abstract]2019 Aug 30;14:7053-7064. PMID: 31564865 -
Phytother Res
Ginsenoside Compound K Mitigates Mitochondrial Fission Through Bile Acid Receptors/YAP Signaling to Counteract Podocyte Injury in Lupus Nephritis. [Abstract]2025 Jun 18. PMID: 40528637 -
Cancer Cell Int
2024 Jul 3;24(1):232. PMID: 38961429 -
Front Immunol
Levamisole Suppresses CD4+ T-Cell Proliferation and Antigen-Presenting Cell Activation in Aplastic Anemia by Regulating the JAK/STAT and TLR Signaling Pathways. [Abstract]2022 Jul 14:13:907808. PMID: 35911766 -
Front Immunol
R848 Adjuvant Laden With Self-Assembled Nanoparticle-Based mRNA Vaccine Elicits Protective Immunity Against H5N1 in Mice. [Abstract]2022 May 31:13:836274. PMID: 35711431 -
Front Immunol
Pyruvate Kinase M2 Contributes to TLR-Mediated Inflammation and Autoimmunity by Promoting Pyk2 Activation. [Abstract]2021 May 7:12:680068. PMID: 34025679 -
Front Immunol
Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Signaling Pathway in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome-Associated Thrombocytopenia. [Abstract]2021 Mar 9:12:637659. PMID: 33767707 -
Bioeng Transl Med
Reactive oxygen species-responsive dual-targeted nanosystem promoted immunogenic cell death against breast cancer. [Abstract]2022 Aug 3;8(5):e10379. PMID: 37693071 -
J Ginseng Res
Reciprocal regulation of SIRT1 and AMPK by Ginsenoside compound K impedes the conversion from plasma cells to mitigate for podocyte injury in MRL/ lpr mice in a B cell-specific manner. [Abstract]2024 Mar;48(2):190-201. PMID: 38465215 -
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
2026 Feb 9;12(2):971-985. PMID: 41499675 -
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
Tumor Acidic Microenvironment-Responsive Promodulator Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Photothermal-Enhanced Chemodynamic Immunotherapy of Cancer. [Abstract]2023 Feb 13;9(2):773-783. PMID: 36598463 -
Pharmaceutics
2021 Dec 2;13(12):2060. PMID: 34959344 -
Int J Pharm
2025 Jun 23:125890. PMID: 40562287 -
Cancer Gene Ther
Cytoplasmic localization of IRF5 induces Wnt5a/E-cadherin degradation and promotes gastric cancer cells metastasis. [Abstract]2023 Jun;30(6):866-877. PMID: 36782048
Resiquimod purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cancer Gene Ther. 2023 Jun;30(6):866-877. [Abstract]
Resiquimod (10-200 μM) reduces E-cadherin and Wnt5a expression in a dose-dependent manner.
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Int J Mol Sci
Myeloid PGGT1B Deficiency Promotes Psoriasiform Dermatitis by Promoting the Secretion of Inflammatory Factors. [Abstract]2025 May 20;26(10):4901. PMID: 40430037 -
Int J Oncol
The TLR7/8 agonist R848 optimizes host and tumor immunity to improve therapeutic efficacy in murine lung cancer. [Abstract]2022 Jul;61(1):81. PMID: 35552764 -
Front Pharmacol
Nanomedicine based on chemotherapy-induced immunogenic death combined with immunotherapy to enhance antitumor immunity. [Abstract]2024 Dec 4:15:1511423. PMID: 39697556 -
ACS Appl Bio Mater
2024 Aug 19;7(8):4843-4855. PMID: 38048258 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Syringaldehyde ameliorates mouse arthritis by inhibiting dendritic cell maturation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. [Abstract]2023 Aug:121:110490. PMID: 37339567 -
Int Immunopharmacol
Halofuginone ameliorates systemic lupus erythematosus by targeting Blk in myeloid-derived suppressor cells. [Abstract]2023 Jan:114:109487. PMID: 36493694 -
J Infect Dis
Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Type IV Secretion Effector SspA-1 Induces Proinflammatory Cytokine Production via TLR2 Endosomal and Type I Interferon Signaling. [Abstract]2024 Jul 25;230(1):188-197. PMID: 39052722 -
J Neuroendocrinol
Maternal immune activation with toll-like receptor 7 agonist during mid-gestation alters juvenile and adult developmental milestones and behavior. [Abstract]2024 Jun 1:e13417. PMID: 38822791 -
J Biomed Mater Res A
Supramolecular nanotherapeutics enable metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages to inhibit tumor growth. [Abstract]2022 Aug;110(8):1448-1459. PMID: 35388955 -
J Pharm Sci
Investigation of synergistic effects of β-defensin, vesatolimod and resiquimod in increasing the potency of a therapeutic HIV-1 vaccine candidate. [Abstract]2025 Oct 9;115(1):104019. PMID: 41067501 -
J Pharm Sci
2022 Nov;111(11):3038-3046. PMID: 35697319 -
Clin Immunol
The correlation between proteoglycan 2 and neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. [Abstract]2022 Jun:239:109042. PMID: 35568106 -
Cytokine
Transcription factor specificity protein 1 modulates TGFβ1/Smad signaling to negatively regulate SIGIRR expression by human M1 macrophages stimulated with substance P. [Abstract]2018 Aug:108:24-36. PMID: 29558695 -
Cytokine
Differential regulation of IL-23 production in M1 macrophages by TIR8/SIGIRR through TLR4- or TLR7/8-mediated signaling. [Abstract]2017 Nov:99:310-315. PMID: 28869081
Resiquimod purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cytokine. 2017 Nov:99:310-315. [Abstract]
IL-23 production by macrophages after stimulation with LPS or Resiquimod M1 macrophages (day 9) were stimulated with LPS (10 ng) or Resiquimod (5 μM) for 6 h and IL-23 protein is measured by ELISA.
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Viruses
African Swine Fever Virus A528R Inhibits TLR8 Mediated NF-κB Activity by Targeting p65 Activation and Nuclear Translocation. [Abstract]2021 Oct 11;13(10):2046. PMID: 34696476 -
Pathol Res Pract
LGALS3BP promotes M1 polarization of macrophages and interacts with LGALS3, damaging endothelial function and exacerbating pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus. [Abstract]2026 Jun:282:156424. PMID: 41791134 -
Biol Reprod
2026 Jan 19:ioag014. PMID: 41553274 -
Cell Immunol
2025 Nov 28:420-421:105056. PMID: 41365211 -
J Dermatol
Defactinib inhibits FAK phosphorylation and regulates psoriasis via attenuating hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. [Abstract]2024 Dec;51(12):1596-1606. PMID: 39051469 -
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Dev Comp Immunol
Unc93b1 is essential for cytokine activation of five PAMPs in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). [Abstract]2018 Apr:81:8-18. PMID: 29097235 -
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
Impacts of prenatal resiquimod exposure during late gestation on rat offspring development and behavior. [Abstract]2026 Feb 18. PMID: 41706098 -
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
2023 Mar;280(3):1209-1217. PMID: 36168003 -
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Asia Pac Allergy
Enhanced IL-37-IL-1R8 axis is negatively associated with inflammatory and clinical severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. [Abstract]2024 Aug;14(3):97-102. PMID: 39220569 -
J Interferon Cytokine Res
Identification of 2'-5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase-Like Gene in Goose: Gene Structure, Expression Patterns, and Antiviral Activity Against Newcastle Disease Virus. [Abstract]2016 Sep;36(9):563-72. PMID: 27576097
Resiquimod purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2016 Sep;36(9):563-72. [Abstract]
With the stimulus of agonists LPS, ODN2006, Poly (I: C), and R848, the mRNA levels of goOASL in PBMCs are significantly upregulated in LPS- and Poly (I: C)-treated groups, and extremely upregulated in ODN2006- and R848-treated groups.
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Res Sq
2026 Jun 18:rs.3.rs-9901177. PMID: 42370261 -
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Brain Behav Immun Integr
Maternal immune activation by toll-like receptor 7 agonist during mid-gestation increases susceptibility to blood-brain barrier leakage after puberty. [Abstract]2024 Dec:8:100081. PMID: 39749157 -
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bioRxiv
Tumor microenvironment immunomodulation by nanoformulated TLR 7/8 agonist and PI3k delta inhibitor enhances therapeutic benefits of radiotherapy. [Abstract]2024 Mar 13:2024.03.09.584084. PMID: 38559220 -
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Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (318.08 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
DMF : 50 mg/mL (159.04 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Methanol : 25 mg/mL (79.52 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Ethanol : 25 mg/mL (79.52 mM; Need ultrasonic)
H2O : 0.1 mg/mL (0.32 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.62 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.62 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocol
For luciferase assay, FG-9307 cells are transfected with the firefly NF-κB-specific luciferase reporter vector pNFκB-Met-Luc2. Transfection efficiency is monitored by co-transfection with the pSEAP2 control vector, which constitutively expresses the human secreted enhanced alkaline phosphatase (SEAP). Then the cells are treated with Resiquimod (R848, 1 µg/mL), CQ (10 µM), CQ plus R848 or PBS and incubated at 22°C for 24 h. The culture medium of the transfectants is then analyzed for luciferase activity and SEAP activity using Luciferase Assay Kit and the Great EscAPe™ SEAP Chemiluminescence Detection Kit, respectively. The assay is performed three times.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
For inhibition of lysosomal acidification, cells are incubated with 10 µM CQ for 1 h before Resiquimod (R848) treatment. After treatment, 20 µL of 5 mg/mL MTT is added to the plate. The plate is incubated at 22°C for 4 h, and 200 µL dimethyl sulfoxide is added to the plate to dissolve the reduced formazan. The plate is then read at 490 nm with a microplate reader. To determine the effect of Myd88 inhibition on R848-induced cell proliferation, the Myd88 inhibitor Pepinh-MYD and the control peptide Pepinh-Control are added to PBL at the concentration of 50 µM, and the plate is incubated at 22°C for 6 h. After incubation, the cells are treated with R848 and subjected to MTT assay as above. To determine the effect of NF-κB inactivation on R848-induced cell proliferation, BAY-11-7082, an irreversible inhibitor of IκB-α phosphorylation, is added to the cells at the concentration of 1 µM, and the plate is incubated at 22°C for 1 h. After incubation, the cells are treated with R848 and subjected to MTT assay as earlier. All experiments are performed three times.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
A total of 40 SPF chickens of two-week old are allotted to one of the following four experimental groups (n=10/group): Group A: PBS control; Group B: inactivated NDV vaccine; Group C: commercial oil adjuvanted inactivated NDV vaccine prepared from lentogenic strain and Group D: combination of inactivated NDV vaccine and R-848 (50 μg/bird). Vaccine or PBS is administered by intramuscular route in the thigh muscle. A booster dose is given 14-day post immunization (d.p.i). Two weeks post-booster, experimental SPF birds are challenged with velogenic strain of NDV (105 ELD50 per bird) intramuscularly. Clinical signs and mortality are observed daily till 14 day post-challenge (d.p.c). Cloacal swabs (n=6/group) are collected from the birds on day 0, 4, 7 and 14 post-challenge and inoculated into 10-day old embryonated chicken eggs (n=3 eggs/sample) through intra-allantoic route. Three day post-inoculation, the allantoic fluid is checked for the NDV growth by spot haemagglutination using 10% chicken RBC.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (290 KB)
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SDS (634 KB)
- English - EN (634 KB)
- Français - FR (634 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (634 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (634 KB)
- Español - ES (634 KB)
- Swedish - SV (634 KB)
- Italian - IT (634 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (634 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Sachan S, et al. Adjuvant potential of resiquimod with inactivated Newcastle disease vaccine and its mechanism of action in chicken. Vaccine. 2015 Aug 26;33(36):4526-32. [Content Brief]
[2]. Brugnolo F, et al. The novel synthetic immune response modifier R-848 (Resiquimod) shifts human allergen-specific CD4+ TH2 lymphocytes into IFN-gamma-producing cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Feb;111(2):380-8. [Content Brief]
[3]. Zhou ZX, et al. Immune effects of R848: evidences that suggest an essential role of TLR7/8-induced, Myd88- and NF-κB-dependent signaling in the antiviral immunity of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Dev Comp Immunol. 2015 Mar;49(1):113-20. [Content Brief]
[4]. Maki Yokogawa, et al. Epicutaneous application of toll-like receptor 7 agonists leads to systemic autoimmunity in wild-type mice: a new model of systemic Lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Mar;66(3):694-706. [Content Brief]
[5]. Manuel Keppler, et al. Imidazoquinolines with improved pharmacokinetic properties induce a high IFNα to TNFα ratio in vitro and in vivo. Front Immunol. 2023 Jun 20:14:1168252. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Methanol / Ethanol / DMF / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.1808 mL | 15.9038 mL | 31.8076 mL | 79.5191 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6362 mL | 3.1808 mL | 6.3615 mL | 15.9038 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3181 mL | 1.5904 mL | 3.1808 mL | 7.9519 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2121 mL | 1.0603 mL | 2.1205 mL | 5.3013 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1590 mL | 0.7952 mL | 1.5904 mL | 3.9760 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1272 mL | 0.6362 mL | 1.2723 mL | 3.1808 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1060 mL | 0.5301 mL | 1.0603 mL | 2.6506 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0795 mL | 0.3976 mL | 0.7952 mL | 1.9880 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0636 mL | 0.3181 mL | 0.6362 mL | 1.5904 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0530 mL | 0.2651 mL | 0.5301 mL | 1.3253 mL | |
| DMF / DMSO | 80 mM | 0.0398 mL | 0.1988 mL | 0.3976 mL | 0.9940 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0318 mL | 0.1590 mL | 0.3181 mL | 0.7952 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.