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reticulum

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidoreductase 1 (ERO1) (3) ER-phagy (2) PERK (10) 5-HT Receptor (1) Acyltransferase (1) ADC Antibody (1) ADC Payload (1) Adrenergic Receptor (3) Akt (12) Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) (1) Aminopeptidase (6) Aminotransferases (Transaminases) (1) AMPK (1) Amyloid-β (1) Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) (1) Antibiotic (7) Apoptosis (120) ATF6 (4) ATP Synthase (1) Autophagy (37) Bacterial (8) Bcl-2 Family (12) BCRP (1) Beta-secretase (2) Biochemical Assay Reagents (9) c-Myc (1) Calcium Channel (47) CaMK (3) Caspase (30) Cathepsin (1) CD20 (1) CD47 (1) CDK (7) CDKL (1) Ceramidase (1) CETP (1) CFTR (1) CHIKV (1) Chloride Channel (1) Cholecystokinin Receptor (1) Cholinesterase (ChE) (1) ClpP (1) COX (6) Cytochrome P450 (1) Dengue Virus (3) Deubiquitinase (1) DNA/RNA Synthesis (3) Drug Derivative (4) Drug Intermediate (3) Drug Metabolite (2) DYRK (1) E1/E2/E3 Enzyme (4) Early 2 Factor (E2F) (1) EGFR (1) ELOVL (1) Endogenous Metabolite (37) Enterovirus (1) Environmental Pollutants (7) Epoxide Hydrolase (4) ERK (16) Estrogen Receptor/ERR (5) Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) (3) Exosomes (1) Ferroptosis (11) Flavivirus (3) Fluorescent Dye (24) Formyl Peptide Receptor (FPR) (2) Free Fatty Acid Receptor (1) Fungal (3) GABA Receptor (2) Glutathione Peroxidase (2) Glycosidase (10) GSK-3 (1) HBV (3) HCV (1) HDAC (7) Heme Oxygenase (HO) (4) Herbicide (3) HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (1) Histone Demethylase (2) Histone Methyltransferase (1) HIV (11) HSP (8) HSV (3) IFNAR (1) IKZF Family (1) Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) (1) Influenza Virus (8) Insecticide (1) Interleukin Related (4) IRE1 (14) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (13) JNK (14) Keap1-Nrf2 (2) Lactate Dehydrogenase (1) LDLR (2) Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC (1) Lipase (3) Liposome (1) Lipoxygenase (2) mAChR (1) MDM-2/p53 (2) Melatonin Receptor (4) MHC (1) Microtubule/Tubulin (4) Mitochondrial Metabolism (13) Mitophagy (6) Mitosis (1) MMP (2) mTOR (8) Myosin (1) N-myristoyltransferase (1) Na+/K+ ATPase (5) nAChR (1) NAMPT (2) NF-κB (15) NO Synthase (5) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (6) Orthopoxvirus (1) P-glycoprotein (2) P2Y Receptor (1) p38 MAPK (16) p97 (2) PANoptosis (1) Paraptosis (2) Parasite (6) PARP (3) PD-1/PD-L1 (2) PDGFR (1) PDI (5) Peptide-Drug Conjugates (PDCs) (1) Phosphatase (1) Phosphodiesterase (PDE) (4) Phospholipase (1) Photosensitizer (3) PI3K (10) PKC (4) Porcupine (2) Potassium Channel (3) PPAR (1) PROTACs (4) Proton Pump (1) PSMA (1) Ras (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (34) Reference Standards (31) RSV (1) SARS-CoV (4) Sec61 (1) SGK (1) Sigma Receptor (1) SOD (1) Sodium Channel (3) STAT (1) Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) (1) STING (1) Tau Protein (1) TGF-beta/Smad (1) Thrombopoietin Receptor (1) TNF Receptor (5) Transmembrane Glycoprotein (1) TRP Channel (3) TrxR (4) Tyrosinase (2) VDAC (2) VEGFR (1) Virus Protease (4) Wnt (2) Zinc Finger Protein (1) β-catenin (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (190) Cardiovascular Disease (33) Endocrinology (8) Infection (51) Inflammation/Immunology (59) Metabolic Disease (53) Neurological Disease (62)
Click Chemistry:	Azide (1) Alkynes (2)
Oligonucleotides:	Antioxidants (1) Phospholipids (1)

346

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Inhibitory Antibodies

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Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Antibodies

Click Chemistry

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Targets Recommended: Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidoreductase 1 (ERO1) PERK ER-phagy

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-A0281

4-Phenylbutyric acid Maximum Cited Publications 239 Publications Verification 4-PBA; Benzenebutyric acid	HDAC Virus Protease	Infection Cancer
4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.

HY-19696

Tauroursodeoxycholate 100+ Cited Publications Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA; UR 906	ERK Caspase Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Cancer
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an orally active endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK .

HY-18072

GSK2606414 120+ Cited Publications	PERK Autophagy Apoptosis	Cancer
GSK2606414 is a cell-permeable and orally available *protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum* (ER) kinase (PERK) inhibitor with an IC₅₀** of 0.4 nM.

HY-19696A

Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium 100+ Cited Publications Tauroursodeoxycholic acid sodium; TUDCA sodium; UR 906 sodium	ERK Caspase Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-15654

Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate Maximum Cited Publications 239 Publications Verification 4-PBA sodium; 4-Phenylbutyric acid sodium; Benzenebutyric acid sodium	HDAC Autophagy Apoptosis	Cancer
Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA sodium) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research .

HY-110078

Eeyarestatin I 10+ Cited Publications	p97 Apoptosis	Cancer
Eeyarestatin I, a potent *endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD)* inhibitor, is a potent protein translocation inhibitor. Eeyarestatin I inhibits Sec61 translocon. Eeyarestatin I targets the p97-associated deubiquitinating process (PAD) and inhibits atx3-dependent deubiquitination. Eeyarestatin I interferes at a step prior to proteasomal degradation. Eeyarestatin I induces cell death via the proapoptotic protein NOXA and has anticancer effects .

HY-N0492

α-Lipoic Acid 10+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid; (±)-α-Lipoic acid; DL-α-Lipoic acid	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-13820

GSK2656157 60+ Cited Publications	PERK Autophagy Apoptosis	Cancer
GSK2656157 is a selective and ATP-competitive inhibitor of protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) with an IC₅₀ of 0.9 nM.

HY-N0492A

α-Lipoic Acid sodium 10+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid sodium; (±)-α-Lipoic acid sodium; DL-α-Lipoic acid sodium	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) sodium is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid sodium inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid sodium induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid sodium can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-D1297

ER-Tracker Green 5+ Cited Publications	Fluorescent Dye	Others
ER-Tracker dye is a derivative of BODIPY series dyes coupled with Glibenclamide (HY-15206), highly selective binding to the endoplasmic reticulum, non-toxic to cells at low concentrations, this type of dye is an environmentally sensitive probe, and formaldehyde treatment can still retain part of the fluorescence, with high fluorescence life, good extinction coefficient and other characteristics. Glibenclamide is an atp-dependent K ⁺ channel blocker (Kir6, KATP) and CFTR Cl-channel blocker that binds in the endoplasmic reticulum. ER-Tracker is not suitable for staining cells after fixation .

HY-N0878

Bufotalin 4 Publications Verification	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation .

HY-14829

Afegostat D-Isofagomine; Isofagomine	Glycosidase	Neurological Disease
Afegostat is a pharmacological chaperone, which specifically and reversibly binds acid-β-glucosidase (GCase) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with high affinity .

HY-W269593

Perfluorodecanoic acid 1 Publications Verification PFDA	Caspase Interleukin Related	Metabolic Disease
Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) is an orally active perfluoroalkyl substance. Perfluorodecanoic acid causes dysfunction of rat fetal Leydig cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated changes in lipid components. Perfluorodecanoic acid reduces testosterone biosynthesis in rat R2C Leydig cells by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Perfluorodecanoic acid can be used in studies related to fetal Leydig cell dysfunction .

HY-133125

ERAP1-IN-1 5 Publications Verification	Aminopeptidase	Inflammation/Immunology
ERAP1-IN-1 is an *endoplasmic reticulum* aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1)** inhibitor. ERAP1-IN-1 competitively inhibits ERAP1 activity towards a nonamer peptide representative of physiological substrates .

HY-138364

YUM70 3 Publications Verification	HSP Apoptosis	Cancer
YUM70 is a potent and selective inhibitor of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), with an IC₅₀ of 1.5 μM for inhibiting GRP78 ATPase activity of the full-length protein. YUM70 induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. YUM70 also has in vivo efficacy in a pancreatic cancer xenograft model .

HY-W451275

HG106 2 Publications Verification	Apoptosis	Cancer
HG106 is an effective SLC7A11 inhibitor. HG106 mediates apoptosis by increasing oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and it has antitumor activity .

HY-B0473

Tetracaine hydrochloride Amethocaine hydrochloride	Environmental Pollutants Calcium Channel	Neurological Disease
Tetracaine hydrochloride (Amethocaine hydrochloride) is a calcium channel protein inhibitor and blocks voltage-sensitive release of Ca ²⁺ from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Tetracaine hydrochloride is mainly used topically in ophthalmology and as an antipruritic .

HY-D1429

ER-Tracker Blue-White DPX	Fluorescent Dye	Others
ER-Tracker dye is a derivative of BODIPY series dyes coupled with Glibenclamide (HY-15206), highly selective binding to the endoplasmic reticulum, non-toxic to cells at low concentrations, this type of dye is an environmentally sensitive probe, and formaldehyde treatment can still retain part of the fluorescence, with high fluorescence life, good extinction coefficient and other characteristics. Glibenclamide is an atp-dependent K ⁺ channel blocker (Kir6, KATP) and CFTR Cl-channel blocker that binds in the endoplasmic reticulum. ER-Tracker is not suitable for staining fixed cells. Staining followed by fixation is possible, but cells fixed with aldehydes will only retain partial fluorescence (Ex/Em = 374/ 430-640 nm) .

HY-N7395

Cyclic ADP-ribose 1 Publications Verification cADPR	Calcium Channel TRP Channel Endogenous Metabolite	Infection Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a potent second messenger for calcium mobilization that is synthesized from NAD ⁺ by an ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose increases cytosolic calcium mainly by Ryanodine receptor-mediated release from endoplasmic reticulum and also by extracellular influx through the opening of TRPM2 channels .

HY-N1487

Oleanonic acid 2 Publications Verification 3-Oxooleanolic acid	HIV Autophagy Ferroptosis Amyloid-β	Infection Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Oleanonic acid (3-Oxooleanolic acid) is an orally available triterpene that has anti-inflammatory and insecticidal properties. In vitro, oleanonic acid can improve oxidative stress, autophagy defects, ferroptosis, mitochondrial damage, and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by Amyloid-β, and in vivo, it can alleviate myocardial hypertrophy in rats .

HY-N2877

Annonacin 1 Publications Verification	Potassium Channel Sodium Channel Na+/K+ ATPase Calcium Channel Apoptosis	Neurological Disease Cancer
Annonacin is an acetylgenin that is toxic by inhibiting the pathway of the mitochondrial complex. Annonacin increases tau phosphorylation in R406W ^+/+ mice. Annonacin acts as an inhibitor of the sodium/potassium and *sarcoplasmic reticulum* (SERCA) ATPase pumps**. Annonacin has significant killing effect on ovarian cancer cell, cervical cancer cell, breast cancer cell, bladder cancer cell and skin cancer cell. Annonacin induces apoptosis through Bax and Caspase-3-related pathways .

HY-145001

20-HC-Me-Pyrrolidine	LDLR CETP	Metabolic Disease
20-HC-Me-Pyrrolidine (compound AI-3d) is a potent Aster protein inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 0.11 μM, 0.06 μM, and 0.71 μM for Aster-A, Aster-B, and Aster-C, respectively. 20-HC-Me-Pyrrolidine blocks the ability of Asters to bind and transfer cholesterol. 20-HC-Me-Pyrrolidine also inhibits the movement of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) .

HY-111974

β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate ABA-GE; (S)-cis,trans-Abscisic acid glucosyl ester	Proton Pump	Endocrinology
β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate (ABA-GE) is a hydrolyzable abscisic acid (ABA) conjugate that accumulates in the vacuole and presumably also in the endoplasmic reticulum. The deconjugation of β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate allows the rapid formation of free ABA in response to abiotic stress conditions such as dehydration and salt stress. β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate contributes to the maintenance of ABA homeostasis .

HY-N10661

Ipomoeassin F Ipom-F	SARS-CoV	Infection Cancer
Ipomoeassin F is a potent and selective *endoplasmic reticulum* (ER) protein-translocation** inhibitor by targeting the pore-forming subunit of the Sec61 complex (Sec61α) at the ER membrane. Ipomoeassin F selectively inhibits the ER membrane translocation of SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Ipomoeassin F block the ER translocation of secretory proteins and type I transmembrane proteins (TMPs), but not type III TMPs .

HY-132182

HPA-12 1 Publications Verification	Ceramidase Autophagy Apoptosis ATF6	Neurological Disease Cancer
HPA-12 is a blood-brain barrier-permeable small-molecule inhibitor of ceramide transfer protein (CERT) with four stereoisomers (the (1R,3R)-stereoisomer exhibits the highest activity). HPA-12 blocks the transport of ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus by binding to the START domain of CERT, leading to intracellular ceramide accumulation and inhibition of sphingomyelin (SM) synthesis. HPA-12 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress via the GRP78/ATF6/CHOP axis and activates mitochondrial autophagy, thereby inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. In in vivo experiments, HPA-12 significantly reduces the leukemia burden and splenomegaly in mouse models of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and prolongs survival. HPA-12 is applicable for the research of lipid metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia and Alzheimer's disease .

HY-15718A

Istaroxime hydrochloride 5+ Cited Publications PST2744 hydrochloride	Na+/K+ ATPase Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
Istaroxime hydrochloride is a Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase inhibitor (IC₅₀=0.11 μM) and a sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA 2) activator.

HY-DY1074

ER-Tracker Blue-White DPX (solution)	Fluorescent Dye	Others
ER-Tracker dye is a derivative of BODIPY series dyes coupled with Glibenclamide (HY-15206) , highly selective binding to the endoplasmic reticulum, non-toxic to cells at low concentrations, this type of dye is an environmentally sensitive probe, and formaldehyde treatment can still retain part of the fluorescence, with high fluorescence life, good extinction coefficient and other characteristics. Glibenclamide is an atp-dependent K ⁺ channel blocker (Kir6, KATP) and CFTR Cl-channel blocker that binds in the endoplasmic reticulum. ER-Tracker is not suitable for staining fixed cells. Staining followed by fixation is possible, but cells fixed with aldehydes will only retain partial fluorescence . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 1 mM

HY-A0079

Tetracaine Amethocaine	Sodium Channel Calcium Channel	Neurological Disease
Tetracaine (Amethocaine) is a sodium channel inhibitor and ryanodine receptor (RyR) inhibitor. Tetracaine blocks sodium conduction across nerve cell membranes, preventing rapid sodium ion influx and depolarization. Tetracaine exhibits biphasic effects on spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ²⁺ release in Ca ²⁺-overloaded ventricular myocytes, and increases sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ²⁺ load. Tetracaine can be used in research related to eye diseases .

HY-N6606

Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride 1 Publications Verification	Glycosidase Tyrosinase Heme Oxygenase (HO) HSP	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride is an anthocyanin found in abbiteye blueberry. Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride show inhibitory activitiesagainst α-glucosidase with an IC₅₀ of 68.33 μM, and tyrosinase with an IC₅₀ of 34.14 μM. Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride attenuates HO-1 and HSP70 messenger RNA down-regulation, suppresses cytotoxicity, reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress responses, scavenges free radicals, reduces intracellular triglyceride levels and lipid droplet accumulation. Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride can be used for the researches of diabesity, melanoma and inflammation .

HY-14829E

Afegostat D-Tartrate D-Isofagomine D-Tartrate; Isofagomine D-Tartrate	Glycosidase	Neurological Disease
Afegostat D-Tartrate is a pharmacological chaperone, which specifically and reversibly binds acid-β-glucosidase (GCase) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with high affinity .

HY-137813

PERK-IN-4	PERK	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
PERK-IN-4 is a potent and selective PERK (protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase) inhibitor with an IC ₅₀ of 0.3 nM. PERK is activated in response to a variety of endoplasmic reticulum stresses implicated in numerous disease states .

HY-153202

SLMP53-2	MDM-2/p53 Apoptosis	Cancer
SLMP53-2 is a mutant p53 reactivator. SLMP53-2 restores wild-type-like conformation and DNA-binding ability of mutp53-Y220C by enhancing its interaction with the Hsp70, leading to the reestablishment of p53 transcriptional activity. SLMP53-2 can induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. SLMP53-2 exhibits antitumor activity .

HY-119229

VRT-325	CFTR	Inflammation/Immunology
VRT-325 is a CFTR modulator. VRT-325 inhibits disulfide cross-linking between cysteines in transmembrane segments 6 and 7 of CFTR and P-gp. VRT-325 promotes maturation of CFTR and P-gp processing mutants, rescues ΔF508-CFTR folding at the endoplasmic reticulum. VRT-325 binds ΔF508-CFTR nucleotide-binding domain 1, and increases mature ΔF508-CFTR cell surface expression and chloride conductance. VRT-325 can be used for the research of cystic fibrosis ^[1] ^[3].

HY-148520

QM295	Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidoreductase 1 (ERO1)	Metabolic Disease
QM295 is an *endoplasmic reticulum* oxidation 1 (ERO1)** inhibitor with selectively reversible thiol reactivity. QM295 can be used for the research of endoplasmic reticulum stress .

HY-D2299

AIE-ER	Fluorescent Dye	Metabolic Disease Cancer
AIE-ER is a specific endoplasmic reticulum (ER) fluorescent probe (green channel: λ_ex=405 nm, λ_em=450~650 nm) that exhibits remarkable photostability, high brightness, and low working concentration. AIE-ER may provide an avenue for studying diseases related to the endoplasmic reticulum .

HY-DY1043

ER-Tracker Green (solution)	Fluorescent Dye	Others
ER-Tracker dye is a derivative of BODIPY series dyes coupled with Glibenclamide (HY-15206) , highly selective binding to the endoplasmic reticulum, non-toxic to cells at low concentrations, this type of dye is an environmentally sensitive probe, and formaldehyde treatment can still retain part of the fluorescence, with high fluorescence life, good extinction coefficient and other characteristics. Glibenclamide is an atp-dependent K ⁺ channel blocker (Kir6, KATP) and CFTR Cl-channel blocker that binds in the endoplasmic reticulum. ER-Tracker is not suitable for staining cells after fixation . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 1 mM

HY-P10738

N-Formyl-MMYALF	Formyl Peptide Receptor (FPR)	Infection
N-Formyl-MMYALF is a potent mitochondrial N-formyl peptide (mtFP) that has the activity of depleting calcium ions in the endoplasmic reticulum. N-Formyl-MMYALF can inhibit the FPR-1-mediated chemotactic response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to bacterial peptides .

HY-19696R

Tauroursodeoxycholate (Standard) Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (Standard); TUDCA (Standard); UR 906 (Standard)	Reference Standards ERK Caspase Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis	Cancer
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tauroursodeoxycholate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-19696AR

Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (Standard) Tauroursodeoxycholic acid sodium (Standard); TUDCA sodium (Standard); UR 906 sodium (Standard)	ERK Caspase Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards	Cancer
Tauroursodeoxycholate (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tauroursodeoxycholate (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-124873

SERCA2a activator 1	Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
SERCA2a activator 1 (Compound A) is a *sarco/endoplasmic reticulum* Ca ²⁺-dependent ATPase 2a (SERCA2a)** activator. SERCA2a activator 1 attenuates phospholamban inhibition and enhances the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart. SERCA2a activator 1 can be used for heart failure .

HY-N7395A

Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium 1 Publications Verification cADPR ammonium	Calcium Channel TRP Channel Endogenous Metabolite	Infection Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium (cADPR ammonium) is a potent second messenger for calcium mobilization that is synthesized from NAD ⁺ by an ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium increases cytosolic calcium mainly by Ryanodine receptor-mediated release from endoplasmic reticulum and also by extracellular influx through the opening of TRPM2 channels .

HY-146696

mEH-IN-1	Epoxide Hydrolase	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Cancer
mEH-IN-1 (Compound 62) is a potent microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) inhibitor with the IC₅₀ of 2.2 nM. The mEH is a mammalian α/β-fold hydrolase enzyme, expressed in almost all tissues, hydrolyzes a wide range of epoxide containing molecules. The mEH is mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells. mEH-IN-1 can be used for the research of preeclampsia, hypercholanemia and cancer .

HY-147526

RM-581	Apoptosis	Cancer
RM-581, aminosteroid, is an orally active anticancer agent. RM-581 shows anticancer potency against pancreatic, breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers. RM-581 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis via disturbance of cancer cell cholesterol homeostasis. RM-581 can be used for the research of cancer, such as prostate cancer and breast cancer .

HY-153359

M3913	Transmembrane Glycoprotein	Cancer
M3913 is an endoplasmic reticulum stress modulator (ERSM). M3913 has antiproliferative activity against cancer cells .

HY-113040A

(17R,18S)-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid 17(R),18(S)-EETeTr	Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
(17R,18S)-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17 (R),18 (S)-EETeTr) is a physiologically active fatty acid metabolite and also a vasodilator targeting BKα. (17R,18S)-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid activates the outward potassium current mediated by BK channels, and this effect is independent of the BKβ1 subunit, intracellular/extracellular calcium levels, and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release regulated by RyR3. (17R,18S)-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid is produced by the epoxidation of eicosapentaenoic acid mediated by CYP1A1 variants. (17R,18S)-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid is applicable to research related to arrhythmia .

HY-152240

PD-1/PD-L1-IN-29	PD-1/PD-L1	Cancer
PD-1/PD-L1-IN-29 (S4-1) is a potent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 6.1 nM. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-29 binds PD-L1 and disrupts PD-1/PD-L1 interactions, induces PD-L1 dimerization and internalization, improves its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum, and promotes PD-L1 entry into the endoplasmic reticulum. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-29 has anticancer activity .

HY-135887

ZX-29	Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) Apoptosis Autophagy	Cancer
ZX-29 is a potent and selective ALK inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 2.1 nM, 1.3 nM and 3.9 nM for ALK, ALK L1196M and ALK G1202R mutations, respectively. ZX-29 is inactive against EGFR. ZX-29 induces apoptosis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and overcomes cell resistance caused by an ALK mutation. ZX-29 also induces protective autophagy and has antitumor effect .

HY-124662

IHVR-19029	Flavivirus Dengue Virus Glycosidase	Infection
IHVR-19029 is a potent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) α-glucosidases I and II inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 0.48 μM for ER a-glucosidase I. IHVR-19029 efficiently blocks the replication of several hemorrhagic fever viruses, such as Dengue virus (DENV), Ebola virus (EBOV) and Rift Valley fever virus. The combination of IHVR-19029 with Favipiravir (HY-14768) improves the antiviral efficacy .

HY-146350

TrxR-IN-4	TrxR Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Cancer
TrxR-IN-4 is a thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor with a rat IC₅₀ of 0.37 μM. TrxR-IN-4 inhibits TrxR activity, elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces apoptosis. TrxR-IN-4 mediates endoplasmic reticulum stress and induces mitochondrial dysfunction. TrxR-IN-4 can be used for the research of hepatocellular carcinoma .

HY-W010710

IPrAuCl	Calcium Channel	Cardiovascular Disease
IPrAuCl (compound 3) is a gold compound. IPrAuCl inhibits sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ²⁺-ATPase (IC₅₀=16.3 µM) .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-16592

Brefeldin A 150+ Cited Publications BFA; Cyanein; Decumbin	Infection Structural Classification Microorganisms Macrolide Antibiotics Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Antiviral Disease Research Anticancer Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Autophagy Mitophagy HSV Antibiotic Bacterial
Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus . Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor . Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity .

HY-13433

Thapsigargin 135+ Cited Publications	Infection Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Diterpenoids Umbelliferae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Thapsia garganica L. Cancer	Calcium Channel SARS-CoV Apoptosis
Thapsigargin, an *endoplasmic reticulum* (ER) stress inducer, is an inhibitor of microsomal Ca ²⁺-ATPase**. Thapsigargin efficiently inhibits coronavirus (HCoV-229E, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) replication in different cell types .

HY-A0098

Tunicamycin Maximum Cited Publications 155 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Antifungal Classification of Application Fields Antibacterial Disease Research Other Antibiotics Infection Microorganisms Antibiotics Antiviral Anticancer Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Antibiotic Influenza Virus Fungal Bacterial Aminotransferases (Transaminases) Exosomes
Tunicamycin is a mixture of homologous nucleoside antibiotic that inhibits N-linked glycosylation and blocks GlcNAc phosphotransferase (GPT). Tunicamycin causes accumulation of unfolded proteins in cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induces ER stress, and causes blocking of DNA synthesis and cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. Tunicamycin inhibits gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and viruses and has anti-cancer activity .Tunicamycin increases exosome release in cervical cancer cells .

HY-19696

Tauroursodeoxycholate 100+ Cited Publications Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA; UR 906	Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	ERK Caspase Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an orally active endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK .

HY-B0075

Melatonin 135+ Cited Publications N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine	Structural Classification Natural Products Other disease Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Melatonin Receptor Autophagy Mitophagy Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis PANoptosis
Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland that can activate melatonin receptor and inhibit PANoptosis. Melatonin plays a role in sleep and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties . Melatonin is a novel selective ATF-6 inhibitor and induces human hepatoma cell apoptosis through COX-2 downregulation . Melatonin attenuates palmitic acid-induced (HY-N0830) mouse granulosa cells apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress .

HY-19696A

Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium 100+ Cited Publications Tauroursodeoxycholic acid sodium; TUDCA sodium; UR 906 sodium	Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	ERK Caspase Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-N0492

α-Lipoic Acid 10+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid; (±)-α-Lipoic acid; DL-α-Lipoic acid	Infection Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-N6771

Cyclopiazonic acid 5+ Cited Publications	Alkaloids Structural Classification Microorganisms Pyrrole Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	Calcium Channel 5-HT Receptor MDM-2/p53 Apoptosis RSV
Cyclopiazonic acid is an endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (ECAs) inhibitor and human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) inhibitor (EC₅₀ value of 4.13 μ M), which can reduce the antagonistic effect of 5-HT receptors in rat thoracic aorta, induce p53 dependent cell apoptosis and reproductive toxicity in mouse testes, and inhibit the biological activation of aflatoxin B ^[1][4][5].

HY-N0492A

α-Lipoic Acid sodium 10+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid sodium; (±)-α-Lipoic acid sodium; DL-α-Lipoic acid sodium	Infection Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) sodium is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid sodium inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid sodium induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid sodium can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-100355

C18-Ceramide (d18:1/18:0) C18-Ceramide	Structural Classification Alkaloids Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
C18-Ceramide (d18:1/18:0) is a bioactive molecule with multiple functions in cells, not a traditional agonist or inhibitor targeting a single site. It can act on multiple cellular targets, such as proteins related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (e.g., ATF-4, XBP-1, CHOP), proteins in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and SNARE complex proteins. It exerts activities like inducing cell death, promoting autophagy, and regulating exocytosis through mechanisms such as activating endoplasmic reticulum stress, inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and affecting lipid raft - related functions. It can be used in research on the mechanism of neuronal injury in the field of neuroscience and in the treatment research of cancers such as glioma in the field of oncology .

HY-103312

Xestospongin C 5+ Cited Publications (-)-Xestospongin C	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Animals Source Classification	Calcium Channel Apoptosis
Xestospongin C ((-)-Xestospongin C) is a selective, reversible inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) inhibitor. Xestospongin C acts as an inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ²⁺ ATPase (SERCA) pump of internal stores. Xestospongin C blocks IP3-induced Ca ²⁺ release from cerebellar microsomes with an IC₅₀ of 358 nM. Xestospongin C is a valuable tool for investigating the structure and function of IP3Rs and Ca ²⁺ signaling in neuronal and nonneuronal cells .

HY-N0270

Ononin 10+ Cited Publications Ononoside; Formononetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside	Structural Classification Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Other Diseases Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (Bunge)P.K.Hsiao Plants Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Source Classification	ERK JNK p38 MAPK PI3K Akt mTOR Apoptosis
Ononin is an orally active isoflavone. Ononin inhibits the ERK/JNK/p38 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. Ononin regulates Apoptosis. Ononin has anti-tumor effects on laryngeal cancer and lung cancer. Ononin has neuroprotective effects. Ononin alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress and diabetic nephropathy .

HY-W012722

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid 1 Publications Verification α-Ketoisocaproic acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Autophagy mTOR SOD
4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid) is a metabolite of L-leucine and is involved in energy metabolism. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid increases endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and insulin resistance by impairing mTOR and autophagy signaling pathways. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid also causes oxidative damage, leading to cognitive deficits, inhibits α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, acts as an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler and metabolic inhibitor. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid acts as a nutrient signal and stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid can be used in the study of maple syrup urine disease .

HY-N0878

Bufotalin 4 Publications Verification	Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation .

HY-N6778

Paxilline 5+ Cited Publications	Alkaloids Structural Classification Microorganisms other families Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Diterpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	Potassium Channel Calcium Channel Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Paxilline is an indole alkaloid mycotoxin derived from Penicillium paxilli, which effectively inhibits the BK channel through a channel-blocking mechanism. Paxilline also inhibits sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ²⁺-stimulated ATPase (SERCA), with IC₅₀ values ranging from 5 μM to 50 μM for different SERCA isoforms. Paxilline exhibits significant anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects, as well as certain antioxidant activity .

HY-W009783

1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride 1 Publications Verification	Infection Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids other families Classification of Application Fields Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	HIV Influenza Virus
1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride is a selective class I α1,2-mannosidase inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 20 μM. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride is also a N-linked glycosylation inhibitor. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride has antiviral activity against HIV‐1 strains . 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride increases high mannose structures. 1-Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride can be used for the study of liver cancer and colon cancer .

HY-N16308

ER-Laurdan	Structural Classification Lipid	Fluorescent Dye
ER-Laurdan is a derivative of the membrane-permeable fluorescent probe Laurdan (HY-D0080) that targets the *endoplasmic reticulum* (ER)**. As a membrane fluidity reporter, ER-Laurdan specifically localizes to the ER luminal membrane, and exhibits a prominent solvatochromic response to fluidity changes caused by membrane packing and exogenous saturated fatty acid stress. ER-Laurdan shows no overlapping localization with mitochondria, enables quantitative analysis of ER membrane fluidity via generalized polarization ratio measurement, and allows automatic signal masking with the help of ER markers. With high specificity and quantitative capability, ER-Laurdan serves as an important tool for investigating metabolic disorders and associated changes in the physical properties of cell membranes .

HY-N0699

Daphnoretin 3 Publications Verification Dephnoretin; Thymelol	Infection Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Thymelaeaceae Coumarins Phenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Wikstroemia indica	PKC Influenza Virus NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Apoptosis HBV JNK PI3K Akt CDK Caspase Bcl-2 Family
Daphnoretin (Dephnoretin; Thymelol) is a protein kinase C (PKC) activator that inhibits the expression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) and exhibits antiviral activity. Daphnoretin exerts its antitumor effects by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and triggers the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Daphnoretin alleviates chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammatory responses by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Daphnoretin regulates the differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells, inhibits their immunostimulatory function by downregulating the phosphorylation level of JNK, and thus exerts a protective effect in skin graft rejection .

HY-N7395

Cyclic ADP-ribose 1 Publications Verification cADPR	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Source Classification	Calcium Channel TRP Channel Endogenous Metabolite
Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a potent second messenger for calcium mobilization that is synthesized from NAD ⁺ by an ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose increases cytosolic calcium mainly by Ryanodine receptor-mediated release from endoplasmic reticulum and also by extracellular influx through the opening of TRPM2 channels .

HY-N1487

Oleanonic acid 2 Publications Verification 3-Oxooleanolic acid	Triterpenes other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	HIV Autophagy Ferroptosis Amyloid-β
Oleanonic acid (3-Oxooleanolic acid) is an orally available triterpene that has anti-inflammatory and insecticidal properties. In vitro, oleanonic acid can improve oxidative stress, autophagy defects, ferroptosis, mitochondrial damage, and endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by Amyloid-β, and in vivo, it can alleviate myocardial hypertrophy in rats .

HY-N2877

Annonacin 1 Publications Verification	Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Annona muricata Linn. Plants Annonaceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Potassium Channel Sodium Channel Na+/K+ ATPase Calcium Channel Apoptosis
Annonacin is an acetylgenin that is toxic by inhibiting the pathway of the mitochondrial complex. Annonacin increases tau phosphorylation in R406W ^+/+ mice. Annonacin acts as an inhibitor of the sodium/potassium and *sarcoplasmic reticulum* (SERCA) ATPase pumps**. Annonacin has significant killing effect on ovarian cancer cell, cervical cancer cell, breast cancer cell, bladder cancer cell and skin cancer cell. Annonacin induces apoptosis through Bax and Caspase-3-related pathways .

HY-N0589

Dehydrodiisoeugenol 4 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Myristicaceae Phenylpropanoids Plants Myristica fragrans Houtt. Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	NF-κB COX Apoptosis Autophagy NO Synthase PERK JNK p38 MAPK CDK NOD-like Receptor (NLR)
Dehydrodiisoeugenol is an orally active anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent. Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, and induces apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell cycle arrest. Dehydrodiisoeugenol also exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and the expression of COX-2. Dehydrodiisoeugenol can be used in the research related to colorectal cancer, inflammatory diseases and ulcerative colitis .

HY-N1255

Scoulerine (-)-Scoulerine; Discretamine	Alkaloids Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Bcl-2 Family Apoptosis mTOR GABA Receptor PI3K Adrenergic Receptor Beta-secretase Akt
Scoulerine ((-)-Scoulerine; Discretamine) hydrochloride is a multi-target inhibitor with anti-tumor and antioxidant activities. Scoulerine mainly targets the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis and α1D-adrenergic receptor, disrupts microtubule structure, and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Scoulerine effectively inhibits mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, targets GABA receptors and BACE1, and suppresses the proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell properties of cancer cells. Scoulerine also exhibits multiple pharmacological activities including anti-Plasmodium falciparum, antibacterial, antiemetic and antitussive effects, and regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial function (modulates Bax, Bcl-2 and cytochrome c). Scoulerine is applicable to research related to leukemia, ovarian cancer, and colorectal cancer .

HY-W018161

Hexadecanedioic acid 1 Publications Verification Thapsic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	IRE1 Ferroptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Glutathione Peroxidase
Hexadecanedioic acid (Thapsic acid) is an orally active metabolite produced by B. uniformis. Hexadecanedioic acid inhibits IRE1α-XBP1s-mediated flipogenesis and ferroptosis. Hexadecanedioic acid downregulates XBP1 and Hrd1 expression, activates the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. Hexadecanedioic acid can be used for the research of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease .

HY-111974

β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate ABA-GE; (S)-cis,trans-Abscisic acid glucosyl ester	other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Abscisic acid Plants Phytohormone Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Source Classification Agricultural Research	Proton Pump
β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate (ABA-GE) is a hydrolyzable abscisic acid (ABA) conjugate that accumulates in the vacuole and presumably also in the endoplasmic reticulum. The deconjugation of β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate allows the rapid formation of free ABA in response to abiotic stress conditions such as dehydration and salt stress. β-D-Glucopyranosyl abscisate contributes to the maintenance of ABA homeostasis .

HY-N10661

Ipomoeassin F Ipom-F	Natural Products Ipomoea squamosa Choisy Plants Convolvulaceae	SARS-CoV
Ipomoeassin F is a potent and selective *endoplasmic reticulum* (ER) protein-translocation** inhibitor by targeting the pore-forming subunit of the Sec61 complex (Sec61α) at the ER membrane. Ipomoeassin F selectively inhibits the ER membrane translocation of SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Ipomoeassin F block the ER translocation of secretory proteins and type I transmembrane proteins (TMPs), but not type III TMPs .

HY-U00141

ABTL-0812 α-Hydroxylinoleic acid	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Bombacaceae Metabolic Disease Plants Pachira aquatica Aublet Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Autophagy
ABTL-0812 (α-Hydroxylinoleic acid) induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated autophagy. ABTL-0812 is a first-in-class small molecule with anti-cancer activity .

HY-W011690

L-Homocystine	Cardiovascular Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Homocystine is the oxidized member of the L-homocysteine. Homocysteine is a pro-thrombotic factor, vasodilation impairing agent, pro-inflammatory factor and endoplasmatic reticulum-stress inducer used to study cardiovascular disease mechanisms.

HY-N8439

Questiomycin A Phx-3	Structural Classification Microorganisms Antibiotics Other Antibiotics Source Classification	HSP Bacterial Antibiotic
Questiomycin A (Phx-3) is a GRP78 (cytoprotective endoplasmic reticulum chaperone) degrader and enhances the anticancer activity of Sorafenib. Questiomycin A is also an antimicrobial/antibiotic that can be obtained from the metabolite of Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66. Questiomycin A can be used in research on biological control of cancer and plant diseases .

HY-Y1819

2-Acetonaphthone 1 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism
2-Acetonaphthone is a synthetic fragrance material. 2-Acetonaphthone increases ROS under UVA/sunlight, leading to *endoplasmic reticulum* stress and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential**. 2-Acetonaphthone can be used as an adulterant in a variety of cosmetics. 2-Acetonaphthone can be used for the study of skin keratinization

HY-Y0152

Cinchonine 5 Publications Verification (8R,9S)-Cinchonine; LA40221	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Rubiaceae Cinchona calisaya Wedd. Quinoline Alkaloids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Parasite Autophagy Caspase Calcium Channel
Cinchonine is a natural compound present in Cinchona bark with antimalarial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti platelet-aggregation and anti-obesity properties. Cinchonine inhibits cells proliferation and autophagy and induces apoptosis through activation of Caspase-3. Cinchonine activates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in human liver cancer cells .

HY-B0075R

Melatonin (standard) 135+ Cited Publications N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (standard); Melatonin	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Other disease Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Melatonin Receptor Autophagy Mitophagy Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Melatonin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Melatonin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland that can activates melatonin receptor. Melatonin plays a role in sleep and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties . Melatonin is a novel selective ATF-6 inhibitor and induces human hepatoma cell apoptosis through COX-2 downregulation . Melatonin attenuates palmitic acid-induced (HY-N0830) mouse granulosa cells apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress .

HY-46866

Isoegomaketone	Structural Classification Natural Products Labiatae Ulex europaeus L. Plants Source Classification	Apoptosis Caspase PARP
Isoegomaketone is an orally active apoptosis inducer and radiosensitizer. Isoegomaketone regulates multiple key signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, MAPK, cleaves Caspase family proteins and PARP, and modulates Bax, AIF and endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins. Isoegomaketone also induces autophagy and keratinocyte proliferation, effectively reduces the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress, inhibits adipocyte differentiation, and resensitizes TRAIL-resistant cancer cells. Isoegomaketone can be applied to research related to colorectal cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, as well as rheumatoid arthritis and obesity .

HY-N2374

Eupatorin 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavones Cruciferae Phenols Polyphenols Isatis tinctoria L. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis NF-κB MMP Adrenergic Receptor
Eupatorin is an orally active flavonoid with antiproliferative and vasodilatory properties. Eupatorin downregulates the expression levels of NF-κB, MMP9, IL-1β and TNF-α. Eupatorin induces apoptosis, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Eupatorin modulates the activities of muscarinic receptors and β-adrenergic receptors; inhibits sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release and calcium channels; and activates the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway, indomethacin-sensitive pathway, and potassium channel pathway. Eupatorin exerts cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines, and is metabolized by CYP1A1 and CYP1 family enzymes to form metabolites with antiproliferative activity. Eupatorin can be used in research related to breast cancer, hypertension, and leukemia .

HY-N6606

Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Anthocyans Flavonoids Cornaceae Classification of Application Fields Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Glycosidase Tyrosinase Heme Oxygenase (HO) HSP
Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride is an anthocyanin found in abbiteye blueberry. Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride show inhibitory activitiesagainst α-glucosidase with an IC₅₀ of 68.33 μM, and tyrosinase with an IC₅₀ of 34.14 μM. Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride attenuates HO-1 and HSP70 messenger RNA down-regulation, suppresses cytotoxicity, reduces endoplasmic reticulum stress responses, scavenges free radicals, reduces intracellular triglyceride levels and lipid droplet accumulation. Delphinidin-3-O-galactoside chloride can be used for the researches of diabesity, melanoma and inflammation .

HY-N6036

Ganoderic acid F 1 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Polyporaceae Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Others
Ganoderic acid F is a ganoderic acid. Ganoderic acid F exhibits antitumor and antimetastatic activities through inhibition of angiogenesis and alteration of proteins involving cell proliferation and/or cell death, carcinogenesis, oxidative stress, calcium signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum stress .

HY-N4202

Dihydrorotenone	Structural Classification Erycibe ferruginea C. Y. Wu Flavonoids Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Isoflavanones Plants Convolvulaceae Disease Research Fields Biological Pesticide Research Source Classification Agricultural Research	Environmental Pollutants Insecticide Apoptosis p38 MAPK
Dihydrorotenone is an insecticide and irreversible inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. Dihydrorotenone may induce Parkinson's disease. Dihydrorotenone induces apoptosis in human plasma cells by triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating the p38 signaling pathway. The oral LD₅₀ of dihydrorotenone in rats is approximately 2.5 g/kg. Dihydrorotenone exhibits insecticide activity and cytotoxicity to plasma cells. Dihydrorotenone can be used to establish animal models of Parkinson's disease, safety assessment of natural pesticides, and potential cancer chemoprevention studies .

HY-N0805A

Alisol B 1 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Structural Classification Alisma plantago-aquatica Linn. Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Metabolic Disease Alismataceae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Epoxide Hydrolase CaMK Autophagy Apoptosis
Alisol B is a triterpene with diverse biological activities. Alisol B binds human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) with a K_i of 5.97 μM and reduces sEH activity. Alisol B inhibits RANKL-induced JNK phosphorylation, NFATc1 and c-Fos expression, osteoclast formation, mature osteoclast pit-forming and actin ring activity, and SERCA pump activity. Alisol B induces calcium mobilization, CaMKK-AMPK-mTOR pathway activation, autophagic flux, autophagosome formation, G₁ phase cell cycle arrest, endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein responses, and cancer cell apoptosis. Alisol B can be used for the research of hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, acute kidney injury, and breast cancer .

HY-150524

UDP-Galactose	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite P2Y Receptor
UDP-Galactose is a monosaccharide and a key glycosyl donor molecule in cells that participates in nucleotide sugar metabolism. UDP-Galactose is the natural agonist of the P2Y₁₄ receptor coupled to G_i proteins in the immune system (IC₅₀= 0.67 μM, hP2Y₁₄). UDP-Galactose can be used to study cell signal transduction and substance metabolism .

HY-N5073

Vitexin-4''-O-glucoside 4''-O-Glucosylvitexin	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavones Rosaceae Phenols Polyphenols Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	JNK p38 MAPK Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Caspase Lactate Dehydrogenase Apoptosis
Vitexin-4''-O-glucoside (4''-O-Glucosylvitexin) is an orally active natural flavonoid component with multiple pharmacological effects including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, cytoprotection and anti-apoptosis. Vitexin-4''-O-glucoside regulates the MAPK signaling pathway by downregulating the phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38, thereby blocking endoplasmic reticulum stress responses. Vitexin-4''-O-glucoside alleviates oxidative stress by reducing MDA content and upregulating the activities of SOD and CAT, attenuates inflammation by downregulating the expressions of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and also reduces LDH release and inhibits caspase-3 activation. Vitexin-4''-O-glucoside effectively improves drug-induced acute liver injury and exerts significant protective effects against myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Vitexin-4''-O-glucoside can be used in studies on acute liver injury, cardiovascular diseases and myocardial hypoxia-reoxygenation injury .

HY-118824A

N-Feruloylserotonin (E/Z)-Moschamine	Cardiovascular Disease Alkaloids Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Carthamus tinctorius L. Phenols Polyphenols Plants Compositae Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids Source Classification	Calcium Channel PDGFR ERK
N-Feruloylserotonin ((E/Z)-Moschamine) is a serotonin hydroxycinnamic acid amide. It can be isolated from a variety of plants, particularly the seeds of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). N-Feruloylserotonin inhibits KCl- and 5-HT-induced elevation of intracellular [Ca ²⁺]_i. It suppresses PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of PDGFRβ and ERK1/2. N-Feruloylserotonin exerts anti-inflammatory effects on aortic endothelial cells. It inhibits atherosclerotic plaque formation in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice .

HY-19696R

Tauroursodeoxycholate (Standard) Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (Standard); TUDCA (Standard); UR 906 (Standard)	Structural Classification Endogenous metabolite Steroids Source Classification	Reference Standards ERK Caspase Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Tauroursodeoxycholate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tauroursodeoxycholate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-19696AR

Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium (Standard) Tauroursodeoxycholic acid sodium (Standard); TUDCA sodium (Standard); UR 906 sodium (Standard)	Structural Classification Endogenous metabolite Steroids Source Classification	ERK Caspase Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards
Tauroursodeoxycholate (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tauroursodeoxycholate (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-N7395A

Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium 1 Publications Verification cADPR ammonium	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Source Classification	Calcium Channel TRP Channel Endogenous Metabolite
Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium (cADPR ammonium) is a potent second messenger for calcium mobilization that is synthesized from NAD ⁺ by an ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose ammonium increases cytosolic calcium mainly by Ryanodine receptor-mediated release from endoplasmic reticulum and also by extracellular influx through the opening of TRPM2 channels .

HY-N5058

Dehydroeffusol	Natural Products Juncus effusus Linn. Juncaceae Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis
Dehydroeffusol is a phenanthrene from medicinal herb Juncus effuses. Dehydroeffusol inhibits gastric cancer cell growth and tumorigenicity by selectively inducing tumor-suppressive endoplasmic reticulum stress and a moderate apoptosis. It shows very low toxicity .

HY-N3831

Epimedokoreanin B	Flavonoids Flavones Epimedium koreanum Nakai Plants Berberidaceae Source Classification	Bacterial Apoptosis
Epimedokoreanin B is a natural flavonoid with anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Epimedokoreanin B inhibits the growth of lung cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis accompanied by autophagosome accumulation. Epimedokoreanin B is an anti-periodontitis agent that inhibits gingipains and *Porphyromonas gingivalis* growth and biofilm formation .

HY-N1989

Bacoside A	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Scrophulariaceae Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. Source Classification	Na+/K+ ATPase CaMK Apoptosis Cholinesterase (ChE) NO Synthase NF-κB
Bacoside A is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable triterpenoid saponin that modulates the activities of ATPases, AChE, CaMK2A and iNOS. Derived from Bacopa monniera. Bacoside A exerts significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by maintaining ion balance, scavenging reactive oxygen species, stabilizing cell membranes, and regulating the expression of NF-κB and apoptosis-related proteins. Bacoside A counteracts morphine-induced reductions in Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase, Ca ²⁺-ATPase and Mg ²⁺-ATPase activities, increases mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Bacoside A specifically binds to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIA to trigger endoplasmic reticulum calcium release. Bacoside A exhibits non-apoptotic cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells while protecting normal nerve cells from stress-induced damage. Bacoside A is applicable to the research of Parkinson's disease and glioblastoma multiforme .

HY-16592R

Brefeldin A (Standard) BFA (Standard); Cyanein (Standard); Decumbin (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Macrolide Antibiotics Antibiotics Antiviral Disease Research Anticancer Source Classification	Reference Standards Autophagy Mitophagy HSV Antibiotic Bacterial
Brefeldin A (Standard) (BFA (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Rutin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus. Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor. Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity.

HY-N0492R

α-Lipoic Acid (Standard) 10+ Cited Publications Thioctic acid (Standard); (±)-α-Lipoic acid (Standard); DL-α-Lipoic acid (Standard)	Infection Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Reference Standards NF-κB HIV Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
α-Lipoic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Lipoic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells . α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1 .

HY-121259

Doxorubicinol Adriamycinol; DXR-OL	Cardiovascular Disease Quinones Classification of Application Fields Anthraquinones Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Doxorubicinol, a potent inhibitor of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump, inhibits systolic myocardial function in isolated heart muscle. Doxorubicinol inhibits tumor cell growth and has cardiotoxicity.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0075S1

Melatonin-d3

Melatonin-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland that can activates melatonin receptor. Melatonin plays a role in sleep and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties . Melatonin is a novel selective ATF-6 inhibitor and induces human hepatoma cell apoptosis through COX-2 downregulation . Melatonin attenuates palmitic acid-induced (HY-N0830) mouse granulosa cells apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress .

HY-N0492S

α-Lipoic Acid-d5
α-Lipoic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled α-Lipoic Acid. α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation . α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells .

HY-15654S

Phenylbutyrate-d11 sodium
Phenylbutyrate-d₁₁ (sodium) is deuterium labeled Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate. Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA sodium) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research .

HY-A0281S

4-Phenylbutyric acid-d11
4-Phenylbutyric acid-d₁₁ is the deuterium labeled 4-Phenylbutyric acid. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.

HY-B0075S2

Melatonin-d7

Melatonin-d₇ is the deuterium labeled Melatonin (HY-B0075). Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland that can activates melatonin receptor. Melatonin plays a role in sleep and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties . Melatonin is a novel selective ATF-6 inhibitor and induces human hepatoma cell apoptosis through COX-2 downregulation . Melatonin attenuates palmitic acid-induced (HY-N0830) mouse granulosa cells apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress .

HY-19696S1

Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d₄ is deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-19696AS

Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4 sodium
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d₄ (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-W011690S

L-Homocystine-d8
L-Homocystine-d₈ is the deuterium labeled L-Homocystine. L-Homocystine is the oxidized member of the L-homocysteine. Homocysteine is a pro-thrombotic factor, vasodilation impairing agent, pro-inflammatory factor and endoplasmatic reticulum-stress inducer used to study cardiovascular disease mechanisms.

HY-A0281S3

4-Phenylbutyric acid-d4
4-Phenylbutyric acid-d₂ is the deuterium labeled 4-Phenylbutyric acid . 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.

HY-79602S1

p-Toluenesulfonamide-15N
p-Toluenesulfonamide- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled p-Toluenesulfonamide (HY-79602). p-Toluenesulfonamide is an intermediate and plasticizer. p-Toluenesulfonamide is also the main degradation product of the disinfectant Chloramine-T (HY-B0959) in water. p-Toluenesulfonamide facilitates the localization of fluorescent probes to the endoplasmic reticulum .

HY-19696S

Tauroursodeoxycholate-d5
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-A0281S2

4-Phenylbutyric acid-d5
4-Phenylbutyric acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled 4-Phenylbutyric acid . 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research .

HY-W012722BS

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid-d7 sodium

4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid-d₇ (α-Ketoisocaproic acid-d₇) sodium is the deuterium labeled 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (HY-W012722).4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid is a metabolite of L-leucine and is involved in energy metabolism. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid increases endoplasmic reticulum stress, promotes lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and insulin resistance by impairing mTOR and autophagy signaling pathways .

HY-137813S

PERK-IN-4-d3
PERK-IN-4-d₃ is the deuterium labeled PERK-IN-4. PERK-IN-4 is a potent and selective PERK (protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.3 nM. PERK is activated in response to a variety of endoplasmic reticulum stresses implicated in numerous disease states .

HY-19696S2

Tauroursodeoxycholate-d4-1
Tauroursodeoxycholate-d₄-1 is the deuterium labeled Tauroursodeoxycholate. Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.

HY-N0589S

Dehydrodiisoeugenol-d4

Dehydrodiisoeugenol-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Dehydrodiisoeugenol (HY-N0589). Dehydrodiisoeugenol is an orally active anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent. Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, and induces apoptosis, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell cycle arrest. Dehydrodiisoeugenol also exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and the expression of COX-2. Dehydrodiisoeugenol can be used in the research related to colorectal cancer, inflammatory diseases and ulcerative colitis .

HY-N6771S

Cyclopiazonic acid-13C20

Cyclopiazonic acid- ¹³C₂₀ is the ¹³C-labeled Cyclopiazonic acid (HY-N6771). Cyclopiazonic acid is an endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (ECAs) inhibitor and human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) inhibitor (EC₅₀ value of 4.13 μ M), which can reduce the antagonistic effect of 5-HT receptors in rat thoracic aorta, induce p53 dependent cell apoptosis and reproductive toxicity in mouse testes, and inhibit the biological activation of aflatoxin B .

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