Skatole
Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Skatole (3-methylindole) is a heterocyclic compound naturally found in the feces of vertebrates and can be found in certain plants. Skatole can be produced by intestinal bacteria, inducing apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR) and p38. Skatole has been used in specific products of the perfume industry or as a flavor additive in ice cream.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.92%
- CAS No.: 83-34-1
- Formula: C9H9N
- Molecular Weight:131.18
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Skatole
More- Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Jan 1;20(2):680-700. [Abstract]
- PLoS Biol. 2024 Jun 27;22(6):e3002672. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 5;908:174356. [Abstract]
- Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2024 Dec:206:106202. [Abstract]
- BMC Genomics. 2025 Feb 25;26(1):195. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2024 Apr 3:2023.06.02.542933. [Abstract]
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
p38 |
Microbial Metabolite |
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
Skatole (0-1000 μM, 0-72 h) leads to intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in a time and dose dependent manner[1].
Skatole (1000 μM) activates AhR (48 h) and p38 (30 min) significantly[1].
Skatole (10 μM, 24 h) significantly reverses the suppression of Irisin on Ang II-evoked proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation in VSMCs[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 83-34-1
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 131.18
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Formula C9H9N
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Color White to light brown
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SMILES
CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12
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Synonyms
3-Methylindole; 3-Methyl-1H-indole
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (6)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Int J Biol Sci
Irisin attenuates vascular remodeling in hypertensive mice induced by Ang II by suppressing Ca2+-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress in VSMCs. [Abstract]2024 Jan 1;20(2):680-700. PMID: 38169582 -
PLoS Biol
2024 Jun 27;22(6):e3002672. PMID: 38935621 -
Eur J Pharmacol
2021 Oct 5;908:174356. PMID: 34280398 -
Pestic Biochem Physiol
Emamectin benzoate and nanoplastics induce PANoptosis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) gill through MAPK pathway. [Abstract]2024 Dec:206:106202. PMID: 39672615 -
BMC Genomics
Transcriptomics insights into glutamine on repairing of histamine-induced Yak rumen epithelial cells barrier damage in vitro. [Abstract]2025 Feb 25;26(1):195. PMID: 40000997 -
bioRxiv
An efficient behavioral screening platform classifies natural products and other chemical cues according to their chemosensory valence in C. elegans. [Abstract]2024 Apr 3:2023.06.02.542933. PMID: 37333363
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (762.31 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (19.06 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (19.06 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (281 KB)
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SDS (458 KB)
- English - EN (458 KB)
- Français - FR (458 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (458 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (458 KB)
- Español - ES (458 KB)
- Swedish - SV (458 KB)
- Italian - IT (458 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (458 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Kurata K, et al. Skatole regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 Mar 19;510(4):649-655. [Content Brief]
[2]. Zgarbová E, et al. Skatole: A thin red line between its benefits and toxicity. Biochimie. 2023 May;208:1-12. [Content Brief]
[3]. Li RL, et al. Irisin attenuates vascular remodeling in hypertensive mice induced by Ang II by suppressing Ca2+-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress in VSMCs. Int J Biol Sci. 2024 Jan 1;20(2):680-700. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 7.6231 mL | 38.1156 mL | 76.2311 mL | 190.5778 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.5246 mL | 7.6231 mL | 15.2462 mL | 38.1156 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7623 mL | 3.8116 mL | 7.6231 mL | 19.0578 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.5082 mL | 2.5410 mL | 5.0821 mL | 12.7052 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3812 mL | 1.9058 mL | 3.8116 mL | 9.5289 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.3049 mL | 1.5246 mL | 3.0492 mL | 7.6231 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2541 mL | 1.2705 mL | 2.5410 mL | 6.3526 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1906 mL | 0.9529 mL | 1.9058 mL | 4.7644 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1525 mL | 0.7623 mL | 1.5246 mL | 3.8116 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1271 mL | 0.6353 mL | 1.2705 mL | 3.1763 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0953 mL | 0.4764 mL | 0.9529 mL | 2.3822 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0762 mL | 0.3812 mL | 0.7623 mL | 1.9058 mL |
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