Cardiovascular Disease

Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium (γ-Glu-Cys ammonium) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine ammonium is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.

Butyrylhydroxamic acid (N-Hydroxybutanamide) is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). Butyrylhydroxamic acid enhances memory in behavioral models of rodents and can be used as memory enhancers, mood stabilizers, and β-chain hemoglobin disease studies.

Carmoxirole (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carmoxirole (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carmoxirole hydrochloride (EMD 45609 hydrochloride) is a selective, peripherally acting dopamine D2 receptor agonist and exhibits antihypertensive activities in vivo.

AC-7954 is a selective nonpeptidic urotensin receptor agonist (EC₅₀: 300 nM at the human UII receptor).

Captopril disulfide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Captopril disulfide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Captopril disulfide is a metabolite of Captopril with antihypertensive activity.

Pamatolol is a cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist without sympathomimetic activity.

Tetramisole hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tetramisole (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tetramisole hydrochloride is an orally active, selective inward rectifier potassium channel agonist with an EC₅₀ of approximately 30 μM for the Kir2.1 subunit. Tetramisole hydrochloride is also an anti-nematode agent that blocks neuromuscular transmission by non-competitive depolarization. Tetramisole hydrochloride promotes the forward transport of Kir2.1 channels, hyperpolarizes the resting potential (RP), shortens the action potential duration (APD), inhibits intracellular calcium overload and the PKA signaling pathway, and exerts anti-arrhythmic and anti-myocardial remodeling activities. Tetramisole hydrochloride can be used in cardiac electrophysiology research and research related to myocardial ischemia and heart failure.

Juniperonic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl 20:4BSO) is an orally active non-methylene-interrupted ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ethyl ester. Juniperonic acid ethyl ester exists in Platycladus orientalis seed oil. Juniperonic acid ethyl ester reduces the ratio of 20:3n-9 to arachidonic acid in hepatic phosphatidylcholine of rats with essential fatty acid deficiency. Juniperonic acid ethyl ester is applicable to the research of hypertension and hepatic reperfusion injury.

Naphazoline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Naphazoline (HY-111326). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Naphazoline (Naphthazoline) is a potent α-adrenergic receptor agonist. Naphazoline reduces vascular hyperpermeability and promotes vasoconstriction. Naphazoline reduces the levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), cytoK_ines (IFN-γ and IL-4), IgE, GMCSF, and NGF. Naphazoline can be used for non-bacterial conjunctivitis research.

HY-19163 is an orally active fibrinogen receptor antagonist, with antiplatelet activities.

Riociguat-d₃ (BAY 632521-d₃) is deuterium labeled Riociguat. Riociguat is an oral stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.

3'-(2-Fluorophenyl) ezetimibe is an isomer of the cholesterol transport inhibitor Ezetimibe (HY-17376).

Desidustat (Standard) is the analytical standard of Desidustat. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Desidustat is an orally active HIF hydroxylase inhibitor. Desidustat can be used for the research of various disorders including anemia of different types and conditions associated with ischemia/hypoxia.

CYM50308 (Standard) is the analytical standard of CYM50308 (HY-108495). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. CYM50308 (ML248) is a potent, selective and high affinity sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4 (S1P4-R) agonist with an EC₅₀ of 56 nM. CYM50308 displays 37-fold more selective for S1P4-R than S1P5-R. CYM50308 has no activity at S1P1-R, S1P2-R and S1P3-R subtypes at concentrations up to 25 μM.

Temocapril-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Temocapril. Temocapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Temocapril hydrochloride can be used for the research of hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, insulin resistance, and renal diseases.

DL-Arginine-¹⁵N₄,d₇ hydrochloride is deuterium and ¹⁵N labeled DL-Arginine hydrochloride (HY-W014375). DL-Arginine ((±)-Arginine) hydrochloride is the racemic compound of L-Arginine (HY-N0455) and D-Arginine (HY-W016781). Arginine is an essential amino acid that requires additional supplementation in traumatic or diseased conditions. Arginine is involved in T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, and affects the function of immune cells.

Disopyramide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Disopyramide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Disopyramide (Dicorantil) is a class IA antiarrhythmic agent with efficacy in ventricular and atrial arrhythmias. Disopyramide blocks the fast inward sodium current of cardiac muscle and prolongs the duration of cardiac action potentials. Disopyramide inhibits HERG encoded potassium channels. Disopyramide also exhibits complex protein binding, and has a potent negative inotropic action.

GRL-098-22 (Compound 6t) is a potent inhibitor targeting G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) and GRK6 with IC₅₀ values of 0.6 μM and 0.19 μM, respectively. GRL-098-22 is promising for research of diseases such as heart failure and multiple myeloma.

BMS-309403 (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of BMS-309403 (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. BMS-309403 sodium is a potent, orally active, and selective adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (also known as FABP4, aP2) inhibitor, with Kis of <2, 250, and 350 nM for FABP4, FABP3, and FABP5, respectively. BMS-309403 sodium interacts with the fatty-acid-binding pocket within the interior of the protein and competitively inhibits the binding of endogenous fatty acids. BMS-309403 sodium improves endothelial function in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and in cultured human endothelial cells.

Cephalothin (Cephalotin) sodium (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cephalothin sodium (HY-B1275). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cephalothin sodium is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic and beta-lactam antibiotic. Cephalothin inhibits class C β-lactamase AmpC, with an K_i of 0.32 µM. Cephalothin sodium binds to penicillin-binding proteins, interfering with the cross-linking of peptidoglycan in the cell wall and thus hindering the normal synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Cephalothin sodium shows antibacterial activity against a variety of bacteria. Cephalothin sodium can be used in hematological and nephrotoxicity studies.