2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-12956A
    Dinoprost tromethamine salt
    		Inducer 98.0%
    Dinoprost tromethamine salt (Prostaglandin F2α tromethamine salt) is an orally active, potent prostaglandin F (PGF) receptor (FP receptor) agonist. Dinoprost tromethamine salt is a luteolytic hormone produced locally in the endometrial luminal epithelium and corpus luteum (CL). Dinoprost tromethamine salt plays a key role in the onset and progression of labour.
    Dinoprost tromethamine salt
  • HY-137432A
    Avotaciclib trihydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.60%
    Avotaciclib (BEY1107) trihydrochloride is an orally active cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) inhibitor. Avotaciclib trihydrochloride can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells. Avotaciclib trihydrochloride can be used in the research of cancer such as pancreatic cancer and lung cancer.
    Avotaciclib trihydrochloride
  • HY-134591
    Thalidomide-NH-PEG4-COOH
    		Inducer
    Thalidomide-NH-PEG4-COOH is an E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate which can be used for synthesizing dCBP-1. dCBP-1 is a potent and selective heterobifunctional degrader of p300/CBP.
    Thalidomide-NH-PEG4-COOH
  • HY-130951
    Thalidomide-O-C6-COOH
    		Inducer 99.29%
    Thalidomide-O-C6-COOH is a synthesized E3 ligase ligand-linker conjugate that incorporates the Thalidomide based cereblon ligand and a linker used in PROTAC technology.
    Thalidomide-O-C6-COOH
  • HY-N0573S
    Umbelliferone-d5
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    Umbelliferone-d5 (7-Hydroxycoumarin-d5) is the deuterium labeled Umbelliferone (HY-N0573 ). Umbelliferone (7-Hydroxycoumarin), a natural orally active product of the coumarin family, is a fluorescing compound which can be used as a sunscreen agent. Umbelliferone induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in HepG2 cells. Umbelliferone exhibits significant anticancer effects. Umbelliferone attenuates the alteration characteristics of allergic airway inflammation. Umbelliferone displays the neuroprotective effects and cross the blood-brain barrier. Umbelliferone exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in chronic alcohol-fed rats.
    Umbelliferone-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-161865
    Antitumor agent-180
    		Inducer 99.46%
    Antitumor agent-180 (Compound 13a) is an inhibitor for BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B). Antitumor agent-180 inhibits the proliferation of ccRCC cell Caki-1 with IC50 of 2.047 µM. Antitumor agent-180 induces necrosis and apoptosis in Caki-1.
    Antitumor agent-180
  • HY-115735
    SKI-I
    		Inducer 99.73%
    SKI-I is a potent and selective inhibitor of human sphingosine kinase (SK), with an IC50 of 1.2 μM for ST-hSK. SKI-I also inhibits hERK2 (IC50=11 μM). SKI-I induces apoptosis in tumor cell lines.
    SKI-I
  • HY-113053
    Prostaglandin A1
    		Inhibitor 99.40%
    Prostaglandin A1 is a dehydration derivate of Prostaglandin E1. Prostaglandin A1 exhibits inhibitory activities against tumor growth, inflammation, virus replication, platelet aggregation and excitotoxin-induced neurons apoptosis.
    Prostaglandin A1
  • HY-137397
    8-Hydroxyefavirenz
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    8-Hydroxyefavirenz (8-OH-EFV) is a primary metabolite of (HY-10572). 8-Hydroxyefavirenz induces apoptosis via a JNK- and BimEL-dependent mechanism in primary human hepatocytes. 8-Hydroxyefavirenz can be used in research of cancer. 8-Hydroxyefavirenz is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    8-Hydroxyefavirenz
  • HY-N1073
    Wighteone
    		Inducer 98.71%
    Wighteone (6-Isopentenylgenistein; Erythrinin B) is a prenylated isoflavone that acts as a HSP90/EGFRL858R/T790M inhibitor and antifungal agent. Wighteone reduces the expression level of HSP90, blocks EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR, and thereby inhibits the downstream ERK and AKT signaling pathways. Wighteone induces cell cycle redistribution, inhibits proliferation and triggers apoptosis in cancer cells. Wighteone can be isolated from Erythrina suberosa, and can also be induced to synthesize in Lotus japonicus under specific conditions. Wighteone can be used to study HER2-positive breast cancer, leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer with EGFRL858R/T790M mutation, and fungal infections.
    Wighteone
  • HY-100498A
    GSK-2256098 hydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.89%
    GSK-2256098 hydrochloride is a focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor that exhibits potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. GSK-2256098 hydrochloride targets FAK to inhibit tumor cell growth by regulating cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and survival.
    GSK-2256098 hydrochloride
  • HY-100490B
    Rilmenidine phosphate
    		Inducer 99.48%
    Rilmenidine phosphate, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate induces autophagy. Rilmenidine phosphate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiport. Rilmenidine phosphate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .
    Rilmenidine phosphate
  • HY-120113
    SC-2001
    		Inducer 99.37%
    SC-2001 is a compound structurally related to obatoclax that has better antitumor effects than obatoclax in liver cancer cell lines, downregulating Mcl-1 protein levels, inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, inducing apoptosis, and enhancing SHP1 expression and activity.
    SC-2001
  • HY-158345
    PROTAC ATM degrader-1
    		Inducer 98.01%
    PROTAC ATM degrader-1 is a ATM PROTAC degrader with a KD value of 1.17 nM. PROTAC ATM degrader-1 triggers DNA damage response, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in cancer cells via the ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation pathway. PROTAC ATM degrader-1 can be used for research on colorectal cancer.
    PROTAC ATM degrader-1
  • HY-A0199
    Sodium tetradecyl sulfate (27% in water)
    		Inducer 99.54%
    Sodium tetradecyl sulfate (Tergitol 4) is a novel scleroembolic agent and an apoptosis inducer. Sodium tetradecyl sulfate can be used for research on varicose veins and vascular malformation diseases.
    Sodium tetradecyl sulfate (27% in water)
  • HY-N3029
    Noreugenin
    		Inhibitor 99.42%
    Noreugenin is a phenolic compound found in Calea uniflora Less. Noreugenin inhibits myeloperoxidase activity and reduces levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17A levels in LPS (HY-D1056)-induced murine pleurisy model. Noreugenin reduces apoptosis and necrosis. Noreugenin reduces lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD, GST) activity. Noreugenin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Noreugenin can be used for the research of inflammatory conditions, such as pleurisy.
    Noreugenin
  • HY-19934
    Pifusertib
    		Inducer 99.81%
    Pifusertib (TAS-117) is a potent, selective, orally active allosteric Akt inhibitor (with IC50s of 4.8, 1.6, and 44 nM for Akt1, 2, and 3, respectively). Pifusertib triggers anti-myeloma activities and enhances fatal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by proteasome inhibition. Pifusertib induces apoptosis and autophagy.
    Pifusertib
  • HY-168608
    TRPM7-IN-1
    		Inducer 98.83%
    TRPM7-IN-1 (compound SUD), a benzoylurea derivative, is an effective TRPM7 inhibitor. TRPM7-IN-1 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, decreases the migration of MCF-7 and BGC-823 cells. TRPM7-IN-1 decreases vimentin expression and increases E-cadherin expression. TRPM7-IN-1 potentially reduces the TRPM7-like current and decreases TRPM7 expression through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. TRPM7-IN-1 is a potential agent to suppress the metastasis of breast and gastric cancer by inhibiting TRPM7 expression and function.
    TRPM7-IN-1
  • HY-163319
    NCA029
    		Inducer 98.24%
    NCA029 is a potent and selective homo sapiens caseinolytic protease P (HsClpP) activator with an EC50 of 0.15 μM. NCA029 acts on HsClpP to activate an ATF3-dependent integrative stress response, leading to colon cancer cell death.
    NCA029
  • HY-18572A
    2,4-D sodium
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetate) sodium is a selective herbicide that can be used for the control of broad-leaved weeds. 2,4-D sodium salt can induce < b>apoptosis. 2,4-D sodium salt inhibits DNA and protein synthesis, thereby preventing normal plant growth and development.
    2,4-D sodium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity