Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.
ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Inhibitors
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Agonists
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Antagonists
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) MDM2 Inhibitor
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Inducers
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Controls
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Substrates
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Related Products (2814)
Related Products (2814)
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Antibodies (8)
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Soyasaponin Bb (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N0310RCAS No.: 51330-27-9Soyasaponin Bb (Standard) is the analytical standard of Soyasaponin Bb (HY-N0310). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Soyasaponin Bb is an orally active, covalent inducer of heme oxygenase HO-1 and an inhibitor of aldose reductase AKR1B1. Soyasaponin Bb can regulate oxidative stress pathways, enhance antioxidant capacity, reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and inhibit lipid peroxidation and hepatocyte apoptosis. Soyasaponin Bb improves alcohol-induced hepatocyte membrane damage and liver function abnormalities, and improves Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced memory impairment. Soyasaponin Bb has antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities.
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Quinocetone (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-123581RCAS No.: 81810-66-4Quinocetone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quinocetone (HY-123581). This product is used for research and analytical purposes. Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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O-1663
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-114802CAS No.: 468083-84-3O-1663 is a full agonist of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2 receptor). O-1663 stimulates the production of ROS, downregulates Id1, and induces autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. O-1663 inhibits the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. O-1663 prolongs the survival of models with advanced metastatic breast cancer. O-1663 can be used for the research of metastatic breast cancer.
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Lomefloxacin hydrochloride (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: SC47111A hydrochloride (Standard); NY-198 hydrochloride (Standard)Lomefloxacin (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lomefloxacin hydrochloride (HY-B0455). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride (NY-198 hydrochloride) is an orally active difluoroquinolone antibiotic. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride prevents DNA supercoiling and replication by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase II. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride induces ROS production and Apoptosis. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride has anticancer effects against melanoma. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride can be used in the study of systemic bacterial infections (such as Salmonella typhimurium infections), skin and melanoma .
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Perillyl alcohol (Standard)
0 ImagesPerillyl alcohol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Perillyl alcohol (HY-N7000). Perillyl alcohol is an orally active monoterpene. Perillyl alcohol exhibits multiple activities such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and anti-nociceptive effects. Perillyl alcohol can induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in tumor cells.
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Antileishmanial agent-36
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-178456CAS No.: 3086122-36-0Antileishmanial agent-36 (compound 4f) is an indole-dihydropyrimidinone derivative with anti-leishmanial activity. Antileishmanial agent-36 induces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Antileishmanial agent-36 exhibits potent activity against L. donovani (IC50 =4.54 μM) with low cytotoxicity against J774.1 macrophage. Antileishmanial agent-36 clears the parasite burden in a visceral leishmaniasis (VL) model. Antileishmanial agent-36 can be used for VL research.
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Urolithin A (Standard)
0 ImagesAtractylodin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Atractylodin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Atractylodin (Atractydin) is an orally active active ingredient obtained from the rhizome of Atractylodes lancea and A. chinensis. Atractylodin is a natural insecticide. Atractylodin has anti-inflammatory activity.
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Antifungal agent 137
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-178340CAS No.: 3032062-22-6Antifungal agent 137 (Compound 4S) is an antifungal agent. Antifungal agent 137 inhibits Phomopsis sp. (PS), with an EC50 of 0.15 μg/mL. Antifungal agent 137 inhibits lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), with an IC50 of 5.00 μg/mL. Antifungal agent 137 disrupts the morphology of PS mycelia, impairs cell membrane integrity, and induces an increase in intracellular ROS levels, triggering oxidative stress. Antifungal agent 137 can be used for the study of fungal infection.
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Artocarpesin
0 ImagesArtocarpesin is a flavonoid compound. Artocarpesin has inhibitory effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Artocarpesin inhibits the production of NO, PGE2 and ROS by inhibiting COX-2 and iNOS expression, and plays an anti-inflammatory role. In addition, Artocarpesin inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting cyclic nucleotides and MAPKs, which can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.
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Cedrin
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N3562CAS No.: 75513-81-4Cedrin is a natural flavonoid that can be found in Cedrus deodara. Cedrin protects PC12 cells against neurotoxicity induced by Aβ1-42. Cedrin can reduce reactive oxygen species overproduction, increase the activity of superoxide dismutase and decrease malondialdehyde content.
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RKS262
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-113720CAS No.: 1041469-97-9RKS262 is an orally active cyclin/CDK inhibitor. RKS262 is also an apoptosis inducer and cell cycle regulator, exhibiting cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. RKS262 induces caspase-3 cleavage, ROS generation, SAPK/JNK activation, and upregulates the expression of p53, Bid, Bad, Bok, and p27. RKS262 inhibits the expression of Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Bcl-xL, p21, cyclin D1, cyclin B1, cdc-2, cyclin D4, and DNA-pk KU-80 subunit. RKS262 suppresses the phosphorylation of the IGF-1R/PI3K/PKC pathway, ras oncogene activity, and Cdk-6, while increasing total Akt expression. RKS262 induces G2/M or S phase cell cycle arrest, disrupts mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and reduces tumor burden in xenograft models. RKS262 is used in research on neuroblastoma and ovarian cancer.
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F16 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-100395RCAS No.: 36098-33-6F16 (Standard) is the analytical standard of F16 (HY-100395). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. F16 is a mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) modulator with an EC50 of 30 μM in mice. F16 promotes PTP opening, accumulates in cancer cell mitochondria, and induces mitochondrial depolarization, swelling, cristae disruption, outer membrane rupture, ATP depletion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytochrome c release and mitochondrial uncoupling. F16 induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 (occasionally G2) phase, reduces the phosphotyrosine content of Neu, as well as the levels of phosphorylated PKB/Akt and phosphorylated MAP kinase, downregulates the protein expression levels of Neu and PKB, triggers apoptosis in cells with moderate Bcl-2 expression, and induces necrosis in cells with overexpressed Bcl-2. F16 can be used in research related to breast cancer and gastric cancer.
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Myristoyllysophosphatidylcholine
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-165316CAS No.: 13699-45-1Myristoyllysophosphatidylcholine is a NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor with multiple activities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Myristoyllysophosphatidylcholine inhibits LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, decreases ROS and MDA levels, alleviates lung tissue and cell damage, and mediates apoptosis. Myristoyllysophosphatidylcholine serves as a myristate donor for myristoylation of the Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase (GPI) anchor in Trypanosoma brucei and undergoes hydrolysis. Myristoyllysophosphatidylcholine acts as a biomarker for the severity of community-acquired pneumonia. Myristoyllysophosphatidylcholine can be used in research related to diseases such as community-acquired pneumonia and acute lung injury.
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Gallium hematoporphyrin
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-181782Synonyms: GaHPGallium hematoporphyrin is a heme analogue and a selective targeting agent against Mycobacteroides abscessus. Gallium hematoporphyrin induces ROS production and inhibits biofilm formation as well as disrupts preformed biofilms in both smooth and rough colony morphotypes of Mycobacteroides abscessus. Gallium hematoporphyrin interferes with heme-dependent metabolic pathways and suppresses the growth of clinical Mycobacteroides abscessus isolatess, with MICs ranging from 0.5 to 1 μg/ml. Gallium hematoporphyrin exhibits synergistic antibacterial activity with Clarithromycin (HY-17508) against Mycobacteroides abscessus. Gallium hematoporphyrin can be used for the research of Mycobacteroides abscessus infection.
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Hispidin (Standard)
0 ImagesHispidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hispidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hispidin, a PKC inhibitor and a phenolic compound can be found in Phellinus linteus, has been shown to possess strong anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-dementia properties[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
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Nisoldipine-d7
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-17402S2CAS No.: 1189718-34-0Nisoldipine-d7 (BAY-k 5552-d7) is the deuterium labeled Nisoldipine. Nisoldipine(BAY-k 5552) is a calcium channel blocker belonging to the dihydropyridines class, specific for L-type Cav1.2 with IC50 of 10 nM.
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5-Hydroxyoxindole (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W001542RCAS No.: 3416-18-05-Hydroxyoxindole is a structural analog of uric acid for its antioxidant. 5-Hydroxyoxindole has DPPH radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation-inhibitory activities. 5-Hydroxyoxindole is a product of partial metabolism of tryptophan involving conversion in the gut lumen of tryptophan to indole through the action of bacterial tryptophanase and tryptophan synthase. 5-Hydroxyoxindole is one of the main molecules responsible for the neurological symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy in rats. 5-Hydroxyoxindole can be used for the research of oxidative stress-mediated disorders.
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Dihexyl phthalate (Standard)
0 ImagesDihexyl phthalate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dihexyl phthalate (HY-W011215). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dihexyl phthalate is an orally active phthalate ester (PAEs) widely used as a plasticizer, and it acts as an environmental endocrine disruptor. Dihexyl phthalate exhibits endocrine-disrupting and reproductive toxic properties, induces oxidative stress and inflammation, and ultimately causes apoptosis and damage to reproductive organs such as the testes. Dihexyl phthalate can be used in studies related to developmental toxicity, embryonic lethality, teratogenicity, and abnormal development of the male reproductive system.
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Petunidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Standard)
0 ImagesPetunidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Petunidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (HY-N7832). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Petunidin-3-O-glucoside chloride is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating tyrosinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 10.3 μM and a Ki of 9.0 μM. Petunidin-3-O-glucoside also acts as an α-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 218.2 µM. Petunidin-3-O-glucoside chloride inhibits the SIRT3/p53-mediated mitochondrial pathway and the PI3K/Akt-ERK pathway, suppresses glycolysis, and induces cell apoptosis. Petunidin-3-O-glucoside chloride scavenges ROS to exert antioxidant activity. It can be used in research related to glioblastoma multiforme, skin anti-aging and whitening, as well as obesity.
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Urolithin C (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-135897RCAS No.: 165393-06-6Urolithin C (Standard) is the analytical standard of Urolithin C. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Urolithin C, a gut-microbial metabolite of Ellagic acid, is a glucose-dependent activator of insulin secretion. Urolithin C is a L-type Ca2+ channel opener and enhances Ca2+ influx. Urolithin C induces cell apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway and also stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation.
