Kalafungin
Kalafungin is an antibiotic, antimicrobial agent and a β-lactamase inhibitor from marine Streptomyces, with IC50 of 225.37 μM. Kalafungin destroys cell membranes. Kalafungin shows inhibitory activities against a variety of pathogenic fungi, yeasts, protozoa, gram-positive bacteria (such as S. aureus ATCC 33591 and S. aureus ATCC 23591), and, to a lesser extent, gram-negative bacteria.
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- CAS No.: 11048-15-0
- Formule: C16H12O6
- Masse moléculaire:300.26
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Stockage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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Activité biologique
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Chemical Information
- Protocole
- Pureté et documentation
- Références
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Help & FAQs
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Activité biologique
Description
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 11048-15-0
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Masse moléculaire 300.26
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Formule C16H12O6
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SMILES
O=C1C2=C([C@H](O[C@@](C3)([H])[C@]2([H])OC3=O)C)C(C4=C(O)C=CC=C14)=O
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Synonyms
Kalamycin; U-19718
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
Streptomyces tanashiensis
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Livraison
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Stockage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocole
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Gram Staining of Tissue Sections
Gram staining of tissue sections is a histochemical technique used to differentiate Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria within histological specimens based on differences in bacterial cell wall structure and dye retention, adapted from classical bacteriological Gram staining into tissue-compatible “histological Gram stain” variants. In tissue applications, modifications of the Brown-Hopps and Brown-Brenn methods are commonly used to improve differentiation of microorganisms embedded within host connective tissue and to reduce overstaining or loss of Gram-negative signal, which are known limitations of earlier approaches. The principle relies on crystal violet-iodine complex retention in Gram-positive organisms and subsequent decolorization and counterstaining steps that allow contrast visualization of Gram-negative organisms against tissue background.
Pureté et documentation
Références
[1]. Jabila Mary TR, et al. β-lactamase inhibitory potential of kalafungin from marine Streptomyces in Staphylococcus aureus infected zebrafish. Microbiol Res. 2021 Mar;244:126666. [Content Brief]
[2]. Johnson LE, et al. Kalafungin, a new antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tanashiensis strain Kala. Appl Microbiol. 1968 Dec;16(12):1815-21. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Kalafungin Related Classifications
HY-105751 Related Classifications
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