Cat. No.: HY-19805

STO-609

37 Cited Publications

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Based on 37 publication(s) in Google Scholar

STO-609 is a selective and cell-permeable inhibitor of the Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK), with K_i values of 80 and 15 ng/mL for recombinant CaM-KKα and CaM-KKβ, respectively. STO-609 inhibits AMP-activated protein kinase kinase (AMPKK) activity in HeLa cell lysates with an IC₅₀ ~0.02 g/ml.

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Pureté: 98.20%
CAS No.: 52029-86-4
Formule: C₁₉H₁₀N₂O₃
Masse moléculaire:314.29

Stockage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

STO-609 Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 52029-86-4

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Activité biologique
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (37)
Solvant et solubilité
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocole
Pureté et documentation
Références
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Activité biologique

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Ki: 80 ng/mL (CaM-KKα), 15 ng/mL (CaM-KKβ)^[1]

Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform CaMK :

Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform AMPK :

In Vitro

STO-609 inhibits the activities of recombinant CaM-KKα and CaM-KKβ isoforms, with K_i values of 80 and 15 ng/mL, respectively, and also inhibits their autophosphorylation activities. STO-609 is highly selective for CaM-KK without any significant effect on the downstream CaM kinases (CaM-KI and -IV), and the IC₅₀ value of the compound against CaM-KII is 10 μg/mL. STO-609 inhibits constitutively active CaM-KKα as well as the wild-type enzyme. In transfected HeLa cells, STO-609 suppresses the Ca²⁺-induced activation of CaM-KIV in a dose-dependent manner. STO-609 significantly reduces the endogenous activity of CaM-KK in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at a concentration of 1μg/mL (80% inhibitory rate)^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 52029-86-4
Appearance Solid
Masse moléculaire 314.29
Formule C₁₉H₁₀N₂O₃
Color Light yellow to yellow
SMILES

O=C(C1=C2C3=C(C4=NC5=CC=CC=C5N4C(C3=CC=C2)=O)C=C1)O
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (37)

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Signal Transduct Target Ther

Targeting TRPV1-mediated autophagy attenuates nitrogen mustard-induced dermal toxicity. [Abstract]

2021 Jan 25;6(1):29. PMID: 33487631

STO-609 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021 Jan 25;6(1):29. [Abstract]

Cells were pretreated with STO-609 (10 μM; 1 h) followed by exposure to NM (20 μM) for an additional 24 h. STO-609 markedly inhibited NM-induced AMPK and ULK1 activation.

STO-609 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021 Jan 25;6(1):29. [Abstract]

Cells were treated with STO-609 (10 µM; 1 h) following the addition of NM (20 µM) for another 24 h. Total cell lysates were collected and the levels of indicated proteins were detected by western blotting. STO-609 treatment markedly inhibited NM-induced ULK1 activation and autophagy induction but had no obvious effect on NM-induced pmTOR expression in keratinocytes.
J Hematol Oncol

Allosteric activation of the metabolic enzyme GPD1 inhibits bladder cancer growth via the lysoPC-PAFR-TRPV2 axis. [Abstract]

2022 Jul 14;15(1):93. PMID: 35836291
Nat Metab

Orosomucoid 2 maintains hepatic lipid homeostasis through suppression of de novo lipogenesis. [Abstract]

2022 Sep;4(9):1185-1201. PMID: 36050503

STO-609 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2022 Sep;4(9):1185-1201. [Abstract]

Mouse primary hepatocytes were incubated with ¹³C acetate (1 mM) containing vehicle control (PBS), ORM2 (100 ng ml−1) and STO-609 (5 μM) for 6 h. STO-609 markedly abolished suppression of DNL rate by ORM2 in primary hepatocytes from C57BL/6J healthy mice.

STO-609 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2022 Sep;4(9):1185-1201. [Abstract]

MPHs were pre-incubated with palmitic acid (200 μM) for 12 hr, and then treated with ORM2 protein (100 ng/ml) or vehicle control (PBS) for 6 h, in the presence or absence of STO-609 (5 μM). STO-609 largely blocked the inhibitory effects of ORM2 on cellular TG accumulation and lipogenic gene expression.
Nat Aging

Activation of AMPK by GLP-1R agonists mitigates Alzheimer-related phenotypes in transgenic mice. [Abstract]

2025 Jun;5(6):1097-1113. PMID: 40394225

STO-609 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Aging. 2025 Jun;5(6):1097-1113. [Abstract]

Primary WT mouse neurons were treated with exendin-4 with or without STO-609, a CaMKK2 inhibitor. STO-609 significantly attenuated the effect of exendin-4 on AMPK phosphorylation.
Autophagy

Organelle contact reorganization drives calcium-dependent autophagy under proteostatic stress. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 6:1-20. PMID: 42152515
Chem Eng J

2025 Sep 15.
Phytomedicine

Kaixinsan regulates neuronal mitochondrial homeostasis to improve the cognitive function of Alzheimer's disease by activating CaMKKβ-AMPK-PGC-1α signaling axis. [Abstract]

2024 Dec:135:156170. PMID: 39520951
Cell Chem Biol

The cytotoxic effect of prexasertib is a consequence of dual inhibition on both CHK1 and AMPK. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 18;33(6):767-784.e7. PMID: 42061410
Neural Regen Res

Trans-spinal magnetic stimulation attenuates neuropathic pain caused by spinal cord injury. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 29. PMID: 40313090
Mol Med

CAMKK2 restored mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway in lung fibroblasts. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 6;31(1):308. PMID: 41053564
Cell Rep

Gasdermin C reprograms metabolism through the CAMKK2-AMPK axis to promote lung adenocarcinoma progression and radioresistance. [Abstract]

2026 May 22;45(6):117427. PMID: 42176271
Cell Rep

circPRKAA1 activates a Ku80/Ku70/SREBP-1 axis driving de novo fatty acid synthesis in cancer cells. [Abstract]

2022 Nov 22;41(8):111707. PMID: 36417875
Cell Prolif

Inhibition of deubiquitination by PR-619 induces apoptosis and autophagy via ubi-protein aggregation-activated ER stress in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. [Abstract]

2021 Jan;54(1):e12919. PMID: 33129231
J Invest Dermatol

CAMKK2 Defines Ferroptosis Sensitivity of Melanoma Cells by Regulating AMPK‒NRF2 Pathway. [Abstract]

2022 Jan;142(1):189-200.e8. PMID: 34242660
Front Immunol

Isovitexin-Mediated Regulation of Microglial Polarization in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation via Activation of the CaMKKβ/AMPK-PGC-1α Signaling Axis. [Abstract]

2019 Nov 14:10:2650. PMID: 31798583
PLoS Biol

The scale of zebrafish pectoral fin buds is determined by intercellular K+ levels and consequent Ca2+-mediated signaling via retinoic acid regulation of Rcan2 and Kcnk5b. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 25;22(3):e3002565. PMID: 38527087
J Ethnopharmacol

Total flavonoids isolated from Fructus Mume (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) mitigate Parkinson's disease progression by promoting neuronal mitophagy via activation of the CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Apr 24:361:121244. PMID: 41564984
J Agric Food Chem

Protocatechuic Acid, a Gut-Derived Dietary Metabolite, Attenuates Endothelial Dysfunction via GPER-Mediated NO Signaling. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 11;74(5):4582-4598. PMID: 41605862
EMBO Rep

CTRP9 engages AdipoR1 and promotes T cell glycolysis and immunity. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 17. PMID: 41249580
Eur J Pharmacol

VDAC1-NF-κB/p65-mediated S100A16 contributes to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory response via calmodulin/CaMKK2/AMPK pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 15:987:177158. PMID: 39613175
Chem Biol Interact

Platycodin D reverses tumor necrosis factor-α-induced endothelial dysfunction by increasing nitric oxide through G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-mediated eNOS activity. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 5:418:111577. PMID: 40447174
Chem Biol Interact

Erianin reverses 5-FU resistance by targeting CALM1/CAMKK2 and activating autophagy in colorectal cancer. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 19:111750. PMID: 40976489
J Cell Mol Med

Dihydromyricetin resists inflammation-induced muscle atrophy via ryanodine receptor-CaMKK-AMPK signal pathway. [Abstract]

2021 Nov;25(21):9953-9971. PMID: 34676967
J Virol

Human Cytomegalovirus Induces the Expression of the AMPKa2 Subunit to Drive Glycolytic Activation and Support Productive Viral Infection. [Abstract]

2021 Mar 1;95(5):e01321-20. PMID: 33268515
J Photochem Photobiol B

Photobiomodulation reduces hepatic lipogenesis and enhances insulin sensitivity through activation of CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2020 Dec:213:112075. PMID: 33152638
Ren Fail

Dapagliflozin improves diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting ferroptosis through β-hydroxybutyrate production. [Abstract]

2025 Dec;47(1):2438857. PMID: 39746795
Ren Fail

β-Hydroxybutyrate Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage via Regulating Ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2024 Dec;46(1):2354918. PMID: 38757723
Cell Biol Int

Pachymic acid (PA) inhibits ferroptosis of cardiomyocytes via activation of the AMPK in mice with ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury. [Abstract]

2024 Jan;48(1):46-59. PMID: 37750505
Food Chem Toxicol

IRE1 and CaMKKβ pathways to reveal the mechanism involved in microcystin-LR-induced autophagy in mouse ovarian cells. [Abstract]

2021 Jan:147:111911. PMID: 33290805
Vet J

Pinobanksin alleviates 4℃ semen preservation-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in Wenchang Pig spermatozoa via the CaMKKβ/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Apr:316:106599. PMID: 41698643
Endocr J

Rutin promotes white adipose tissue "browning" and brown adipose tissue activation partially through the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β/AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. [Abstract]

2022 Apr 28;69(4):385-397. PMID: 34719526
J Biophotonics

Local Mitochondrial Growth Initiated by Femtosecond Laser-Evoked Ca2+ Signaling. [Abstract]

2026 Jun;19(6):e70313. PMID: 42324068
Virus Genes

AMP-activated kinase regulates porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in vitro. [Abstract]

2022 Apr;58(2):133-142. PMID: 35254586
bioRxiv

2026 Jun 16.
Res Sq

2026 May 13.
Oxid Med Cell Longev

Dihydromyricetin Ameliorates Inflammation-Induced Insulin Resistance via Phospholipase C-CaMKK-AMPK Signal Pathway. [Abstract]

2021 Oct 5:2021:8542809. PMID: 34650665
Oxid Med Cell Longev

Apelin/APJ-Manipulated CaMKK/AMPK/GSK3 β Signaling Works as an Endogenous Counterinjury Mechanism in Promoting the Vitality of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps. [Abstract]

2021 Jan 25:2021:8836058. PMID: 33574981

Solvant et solubilité

In Vitro:

DMSO : 10 mg/mL (31.82 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.1818 mL

15.9089 mL

31.8177 mL

5 mM

0.6364 mL

3.1818 mL

6.3635 mL

10 mM

0.3182 mL

1.5909 mL

3.1818 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Calculateur de molarité

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Calculateur de dilution

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 0.1 mg/mL (0.32 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.1 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (1.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 0.1 mg/mL (0.32 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.1 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (1.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline

Solubility: 0.5 mg/mL (1.59 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocole

Kinase Assay^[2]

CaM-KI (2.5 μg/mL), CaM-KII (0.75 μg/mL), CaM-KIV (9 μg/mL), and mLCK (0.6 μg/mL) are incubated with 40 μM syntide-2 or 50 μM mLC peptide (for mLCK) at 30 °C for 5 min in a solution (25 μL) containing 50 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 10 mM Mg(Ac)₂, 1 mM DTT, 50 μM [γ-³²P]ATP (4500 cpm/pmol) with various concentrations of STO-609 (0–10 μg/mL)in Me₂SO at a final concentration of 4%) in the presence of 1 mM CaCl₂, 2 μM CaM. Protein kinase activity is measured by the phosphocellulose filter method. Specific activities of CaM-KI, CaM-KII, CaM-KIV, and mLCK in the absence of STO-609 are calculated^[1]. STO-609 is bound in the ATP-binding pocket of the CaMKKβ KD. The inhibition mechanism of STO-609 is ATP-competitive^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Pureté et documentation

Select Batch:

Pureté: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Fiche technique (280 KB)
SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)

Références

[1]. Tokumitsu H, et al. STO-609, a specific inhibitor of the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase. J Biol Chem. 2002 May 3;277(18):15813-8. [Content Brief]

[2]. Kukimoto-Niino M, et al. Crystal structure of the Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase in complex with the inhibitor STO-609. J Biol Chem. 2011 Jun 24;286(25):22570-9. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.1818 mL	15.9089 mL	31.8177 mL	79.5444 mL
	5 mM	0.6364 mL	3.1818 mL	6.3635 mL	15.9089 mL
	10 mM	0.3182 mL	1.5909 mL	3.1818 mL	7.9544 mL
	15 mM	0.2121 mL	1.0606 mL	2.1212 mL	5.3030 mL
	20 mM	0.1591 mL	0.7954 mL	1.5909 mL	3.9772 mL
	25 mM	0.1273 mL	0.6364 mL	1.2727 mL	3.1818 mL
	30 mM	0.1061 mL	0.5303 mL	1.0606 mL	2.6515 mL

Keywords

STO-609

37 Cited Publications

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STO-609

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) STO-609

Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform CaMK

Voir tous les produits spécifiques à Isoform AMPK

Activité biologique

Chemical Information

Publications (37)

Solvant et solubilité

Protocole

Pureté et documentation

Références

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

STO-609 Related Classifications

HY-19805 Related Classifications