Emulsifiers

PEG300 (Polyethylene glycol 300), a neutral polymer of molecular weight 300, is a water-soluble, low immunogenic and biocompatible polymer formed by repeating units of ethylene glycol.

Tween 80 (Polysorbate 80), a surfactant, has been widely used as a solvent for pharmacological experiments. Tween 80 can also reduce bacterial attachment and inhibit biofilm formation.

PEG400 is a strongly hydrophilic polyethylene glycol used as an excellent solvent for a large number of substances. PEG400 is widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations.

Cholesterol (from animal) is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol (from animal) plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol (from animal) is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.

Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid. Oleic acid is a Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activator.

Poloxamer 407 (F127) is a nonionic surfactant that is 100% active and relatively non-toxic to cells at low concentrations, and frequently used with dye AM esters such as Indo-1 AM, Fura-2 AM, Calcein AM, Fluo-3 AM, Fluo-4 AM, Quest Fluo-8 AM and Quest Rhod-4 AM, etc. to improve their water solubility. Poloxamer 407 is also a lipoprotein lipase inhibitor.

Poloxamer 188 is a nonionic linear copolymer with surfactant properties. Poloxamer 188 exhibits anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective activities in various tissue injury models. Poloxamer 188 can be used for drug delivery.

Cremophor EL-40, a polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative, is a nonionic surfactant. Cremophor EL-40 is widely employed to improve dissolution and delivery of agents.

Methyl cellulose (MC) (Viscosity:100000mPa.s) is a non-ionic cellulose ether with surface activity and thermogelation properties. Methyl cellulose (Viscosity:100000mPa.s) is widely used as drug delivery agents, thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers, etc., in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and construction.

Deoxycholic acid sodium salt (sodium deoxycholate), a bile acid, is a by-product of intestinal metabolism, that activates the G protein-coupled bile acid receptorTGR5.

Tween 20 (Polysorbate 20) is a polyoxyethylene (POE)-type nonionic surfactant.

Myristic acid is an orally active saturated 14-carbon fatty acid found in most animal and plant fats, especially milk fat coconut oil, palm oil and nutmeg oil. Myristic acid exerts anti-inflammatory activity through the NF-κB pathway. Myristic acid has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Gelatins is a non-toxic, non carcinogenic, biodegradable, and non irritating natural polymer derived from partial hydrolysis of collagen. Due to its strong liquid absorption and swelling ability, Gelatins has excellent hemostatic properties and can be used as a matrix material for the reduction, growth, and stability of metal nanoparticles. Gelatins can also be used for tumor cell culture and tumor therapy.

(±)-1, 2-propanediol (1,2-(RS)-Propanediol) is an aliphatic alcohol that is often used as an excipient in many active molecular preparations to increase the solubility and stability of the active molecule. (±)-1, 2-propanediol can affect the neurobehavior of zebrafish.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate is an anionic surfactant commonly used as a detergent, emulsifier, and protein denaturant in various industrial processes, especially in the production of personal care products, cleaners, and laboratory reagents. Sodium dodecyl sulfate has unique chemical properties that make it an effective ingredient in many applications, helping to reduce surface tension and enhance cleaning power.

Xanthan gum interacts with gelatin (HY-Y1365) via hydrogen bonds, thereby increasing the viscosity and stability of the hydrogel while promoting cell growth and creating a microenvironment conducive to cell differentiation^[1][2]. Xanthan gum induces pro-inflammatory responses by increasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Xanthan gum can be used for inflammation and immunology research.

Gum Arabic is an orally active complex branched polysaccharide. Gum Arabic can be isolated from the Acacia senegal tree. Gum Arabic upregulates the expression of maturation markers (CD86, CD40, and CD54), promotes ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and inhibits Apoptosis. Gum Arabic exhibits antimalarial effects against Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Gum Arabic exhibits hepatoprotective, renal, and cardiovascular protective activities. Gum Arabic improves obesity. Gum Arabic is commonly used as a stabilizer and thickener. Gum Arabic can be used in the research of brain tumor imaging.

Hydroxypropyl Cellulose is an orally active cellulose ether and surfactant. Hydroxypropyl cellulose is divided into high-substituted HPC (HHPC) and low-substituted HPC (LHPC). Hydroxypropyl Cellulose reduces inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1β). Hydroxypropyl Cellulose improves colitis and obesity. Hydroxypropyl Cellulose can be used as a pharmaceutical excipient, such as coating agent, emulsifier, suspension, tablet, thickener, viscosifier.

γ-Cyclodextrin is an orally active cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose molecules, which can be formed by bacteria digesting starch. γ-Cyclodextrin can form water-soluble inclusion complexes with a variety of poorly soluble compounds and is widely used in fields such as pharmacy and food. In addition, γ-Cyclodextrin has good safety.

Monoolein is a biocompatible lipid molecule that can be used as a carrier for bone repair. Monoolein exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the immune response induced by LPS (HY-D1056). It exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the production of immune response factors such as IL-12 p40, IL-6, and TNF-α, and inhibiting the generation of NO. Monoolein can be used in drug delivery and research in the field of inflammatory diseases .