Cat. No.: HY-Y0479

L-Lactic acid

(Synonyms: (S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid)

15 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar

L-Lactic acid is a buildiing block which can be used as a precursor for the production of the bioplastic polymer poly-lactic acid. L-Lactic acid has antiproliferative activity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.57%
CAS No.: 79-33-4
Formula: C₃H₆O₃
Molecular Weight:90.08

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

L-Lactic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 79-33-4

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (15)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

L-Lactic acid is a buildiing block which can be used as a precursor for the production of the bioplastic polymer poly-lactic acid. L-Lactic acid has antiproliferative activity^[1]^[2]^[3].

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

All Antibiotic Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	26.6 μM Compound: Lactic acid	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28710964]
MRC5	IC₅₀	23.93 μM Compound: Lactic acid	Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MRC5 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 28710964]

In Vitro

L-Lactic Acid (24-48 h) secreted from gastric mucosal cells enhances growth of Helicobacter pylori^[1].
L-Lactic Acid (48 h) shows antiproliferative activity against human A549 and MRC5 cells, with IC₅₀ of 26.6 μM and 23.93 μM^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

L-Lactic acid (25-50 mg/kg, i.p., twice, 4 days apart) dose-dependently enhances swimming endurance in mice^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 79-33-4
Appearance <53°C Solid,>53°C Liquid
Molecular Weight 90.08
Formula C₃H₆O₃
Color Colorless to off-white
SMILES

C[C@H](O)C(O)=O
Synonyms

(S)-2-Hydroxypropanoic acid
Structure Classification
- Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids
Initial Source
- Microorganisms
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (15)

All Bio/Physico-chemical AssayRT-PCRWBCell Proliferation/Viability AssayCell Migration/Invasion Assay

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Journal Impact Factor

Adv Sci (Weinh)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Lactylation Aggravates Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Disrupting PHB2 Mediated Mitophagy in Acute Kidney Injury. [Abstract]

2024 Dec 31:e2411943. PMID: 39737891
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Enzymatically Bioactive Nucleus Pulposus Matrix Hydrogel Microspheres for Exogenous Stem Cells Therapy and Endogenous Repair Strategy to Achieve Disc Regeneration. [Abstract]

2024 Mar;11(10):e2304761. PMID: 38145353

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Mar;11(10):e2304761. [Abstract]

Evaluation of the viability of BMSCs cultured on microspheres with or without lactate (L-Lactic acid; 6 mM) for 24 h. Fluorescence images of the live/dead assays of BMSCs cultured on microspheres with or without lactate for 24 h.
Small

Stemness Maintenance and Massproduction of Neural Stem Cells on Poly L-Lactic Acid Nanofibrous Membrane Based on Piezoelectriceffect. [Abstract]

2022 Apr;18(13):e2107236. PMID: 35166031
Diabetologia

ACSF2 and lysine lactylation contribute to renal tubule injury in diabetes. [Abstract]

2024 Jul;67(7):1429-1443. PMID: 38676722
Int J Biol Macromol

Lactate-related genes signature as a novel prognostic landscape in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: insights from 156 machine learning algorithms and in vitro validation. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 24;323(Pt 1):147098. PMID: 40858160

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Aug 24;323(Pt 1):147098. [Abstract]

Lactate (L-Lactic acid; 24 h) TU668 cells, the expression levels of hub genes were quantified by PCR.

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Aug 24;323(Pt 1):147098. [Abstract]

Lactate (L-Lactic acid; 15 mM; 24, 48, 72 h) cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay in TU686 cells.

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Aug 24;323(Pt 1):147098. [Abstract]

Lactate (L-Lactic acid; 15 mM; 0, 48 h), cell migration capacity was evaluated via a scratch wound healing assay in TU686 cells.
Int J Biol Macromol

HIF1α lactylation enhances KIAA1199 transcription to promote angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry in prostate cancer. [Abstract]

2022 Dec 1;222(Pt B):2225-2243. PMID: 36209908

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Dec 1;222(Pt B):2225-2243. [Abstract]

Assessed by WB, extracellular lactate (L-Lactic acid) treatment (10 mM, 72 h) significantly increased VE-cadherin and p-EphA2 (Ser897) expressions, which could be reversed by MCT1 silencing PC-3 cells.
Cell Chem Biol

Aerobic glycolysis promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation via NLRP3 lactylation. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 19;33(2):213-226.e5. PMID: 41643668
J Autoimmun

Neutrophil extracellular traps induce trophoblasts pyroptosis via enhancing NLRP3 lactylation in SLE pregnancies. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 2:153:103411. PMID: 40179478
Cell Rep

High-glucose-associated YTHDC1 lactylation reduces the sensitivity of bladder cancer to enfortumab vedotin therapy. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 9;44(4):115545. PMID: 40215164

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep. 2025 Apr 9;44(4):115545. [Abstract]

HT1376 and RT112 cells were treated with lactate (10 mM)/oxamate (10 mM) for 24 h. Then, the cells were harvested for lactic acid content detection analysis.

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep. 2025 Apr 9;44(4):115545. [Abstract]

HT1376 and RT112 cells were treated with lactate (10 mM)/oxamate (10 mM) for 24 h. Then, the cells were harvested for lactic acid content detection analysis.

L-Lactic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep. 2025 Apr 9;44(4):115545. [Abstract]

HT1376 and RT112 cells were treated with the lactate (10 mM) for 48 h then treated with continuous doses of EV for 24 h and harvested for CCK-8 assays to measure the IC50 values of EV.
Commun Chem

Stepped collisional energy improves protein acylation identification by eliminating positional bias of cyclic immonium ions. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 9. PMID: 41366033
Int J Mol Med

2026 Aug;58(2):207. PMID: 42246181
J Ethnopharmacol

Icariin maintaining TMEM119-positive microglial population improves hippocampus-associated memory in senescent mice in relation to R-3-hydroxybutyric acid metabolism. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 31:340:119287. PMID: 39736348
Int Immunopharmacol

Identifying the critical oncogenic mechanism of LDHA based on a prognostic model of T-cell synthetic drivers. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 5:126:111265. PMID: 38000233
Exp Eye Res

Spatial alteration of metabolites in diabetic cortical cataracts: New insight into lactate. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 27:110361. PMID: 40157629
PLoS One

Lactic acid regulates antitumor immunity in canine invasive urothelial carcinoma. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 18;20(9):e0332825. PMID: 40966256

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (1110.12 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (1110.12 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

11.1012 mL

55.5062 mL

111.0124 mL

5 mM

2.2202 mL

11.1012 mL

22.2025 mL

10 mM

1.1101 mL

5.5506 mL

11.1012 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (23.09 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (23.09 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (23.09 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (276 KB)
SDS (476 KB)
- English - EN (476 KB)
- Français - FR (476 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (476 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (476 KB)
- Español - ES (476 KB)
- Swedish - SV (476 KB)
- Italian - IT (476 KB)
- Korean - KR (476 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (476 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. 1. Takahashi T, et al. L-lactic acid secreted from gastric mucosal cells enhances growth of Helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter. 2007 Oct;12(5):532-40. [Content Brief]

[2]. 2. Recio R, et al. Design, synthesis and biological studies of a library of NK1-Receptor Ligands Based on a 5-arylthiosubstituted 2-amino-4,6-diaryl-3-cyano-4H-pyran core: Switch from antagonist to agonist effect by chemical modification. Eur J Med Chem. 2017 Sep 29;138:644-660. [Content Brief]

[3]. 3. Zhang G, et al. L-lactic acid's improvement of swimming endurance in mice. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2009 Dec;19(6):673-84. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	11.1012 mL	55.5062 mL	111.0124 mL	277.5311 mL
	5 mM	2.2202 mL	11.1012 mL	22.2025 mL	55.5062 mL
	10 mM	1.1101 mL	5.5506 mL	11.1012 mL	27.7531 mL
	15 mM	0.7401 mL	3.7004 mL	7.4008 mL	18.5021 mL
	20 mM	0.5551 mL	2.7753 mL	5.5506 mL	13.8766 mL
	25 mM	0.4440 mL	2.2202 mL	4.4405 mL	11.1012 mL
	30 mM	0.3700 mL	1.8502 mL	3.7004 mL	9.2510 mL
	40 mM	0.2775 mL	1.3877 mL	2.7753 mL	6.9383 mL
	50 mM	0.2220 mL	1.1101 mL	2.2202 mL	5.5506 mL
	60 mM	0.1850 mL	0.9251 mL	1.8502 mL	4.6255 mL
	80 mM	0.1388 mL	0.6938 mL	1.3877 mL	3.4691 mL
	100 mM	0.1110 mL	0.5551 mL	1.1101 mL	2.7753 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

L-Lactic acid

15 Cited Publications

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L-Lactic acid

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) L-Lactic acid

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

All Antibiotic Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (15)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

L-Lactic acid Related Classifications

HY-Y0479 Related Classifications