Metabolic Disease

Bimagrumab (Anti-ACVR2B Reference Antibody) is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks activin type II receptor (ActRII), with K_Ds of 1.7 pM and 434 pM for human ActRIIB and ActRIIA, respectively. Bimagrumab can be used for the research of pathological muscle loss and weakness.

Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Lapatinib (GW572016) is a potent, orally active inhibitor of the ErbB-2 and EGFR tyrosine kinase domains with IC₅₀ values against purified EGFR and ErbB-2 of 10.2 and 9.8 nM, respectively.

NADPH tetrasodium salt functions as an important cofactor in a variety of metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. NADPH tetrasodium salt is an endogenous inhibitor of ferroptosis. NADPH tetrasodium salt plays a vital role in the biosynthesis of agents, chiral alcohols, fatty acids and biopolymers, while also being required for lipid biosynthesis, biomass formation, and cell replication.

Selumetinib (AZD6244) is selective, non-ATP-competitive oral MEK1/2 inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 14 nM for MEK1. Selumetinib (AZD6244) inhibits ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Selumetinib can penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB).

Concanavalin A can be coupled to agarose to form Concanavalin A (agarose) (HY-P2149A). Concanavalin A (ConA) is a selective, competitive binding agent that targets specific carbohydrate structures containing glucose and mannose; it acts as a mitogen and exhibits varying degrees of cytotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and teratogenicity. Concanavalin A is also utilized for in vivo blood glucose monitoring in the context of diabetes.

Pioglitazone (U 72107) is an orally active and selective PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) agonist with high affinity binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with EC₅₀ of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively. Pioglitazone can be used in diabetes research.

Propranolol hydrochloride is a nonselective and BBB-permeableβ-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist, has high affinity for the β1AR and β2AR with K_i values of 1.8 nM and 0.8 nM, respectively. Propranolol hydrochloride inhibits [³H]-DHA binding to rat brain membrane preparation with an IC₅₀ of 12 nM. Propranolol hydrochloride is used for study of hypertension, pheochromocytoma, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Propranolol is a nonselective and BBB-permeable β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) antagonist, has high affinity for the β1AR and β2AR with K_i values of 1.8 nM and 0.8 nM, respectively. Propranolol inhibits [³H]-DHA binding to rat brain membrane preparation with an IC₅₀ of 12 nM. Propranolol is used for the study of hypertension, pheochromocytoma, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate is a bioactive endogenous metabolite and a phosphatase inhibitor. β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate plays an important role in inducing and maintaining osteoblast differentiation, mineral metabolism and signal transduction, and can be used as a drug carrier to form heat-sensitive hydrogels. β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate accelerates the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.

A 922500 (DGAT-1 Inhibitor 4a) is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT-1) inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 9 and 22 nM against human and mouse DGAT-1, respectively.

Orforglipron (LY3502970) (Compound 67) is an orally active agonist for Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), which exhibits potency in ameliorates the type 2 diabete.

Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a triple agonist peptide of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Retatrutide binds human GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R with EC₅₀ values of 5.79, 0.0643 and 0.775 nM, respectively. Retatrutide can be used for the research of obesity.

Neutral protease, Paenibacillus polymyxa (Dispase II, Dispase) is a neutral protease and potent fibronectinase and type IV collagenase. Neutral protease, Paenibacillus polymyxa can be used to separate the intact epidermis from the dermis and intact epithelial sheets in culture from the substratum.

Monocrotaline is an 11-membered macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloid. Monocrotaline inhibits OCT-1 and OCT-2 with IC₅₀s of 36.8 µM and 1.8 mM, respectively. Monocrotaline has antitumor activity and is cytotoxic to hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Monocrotaline is used to induce a model of pulmonary hypertension in rodents. ^[2][6][8].

L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells.

AS1842856, a specific Foxo1 inhibitor (IC₅₀=30 nM), potently suppresses autophagy. AS1842856 reduces Foxo1 activity and, to a lesser extent, inhibits Foxo1 protein expression by simply binding to Foxo1.

Paquinimod (ABR 215757) is a specific and orally active inhibitor of S100A8/S100A9. Paquinimod rescues the pneumonia with substantial reduction of viral loads in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice.

Sulfasalazine (NSC 667219) is an anti-rheumatic agent for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. Sulfasalazine can suppress NF-κB activity. Sulfasalazine is a type 1 ferroptosis inducer.