Neurological Disease

4-Hydroxynonenal-d₃ is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxynonenal. 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is an α,β unsaturated hydroxyalkenal and an oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarker. 4-Hydroxynonenal is a substrate and an inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). 4-Hydroxynonenal can modulate a number of signaling processes mainly through forming covalent adducts with nucleophilic functional groups in proteins, nucleic acids, and membrane lipids. 4-Hydroxynonenal plays an important role in cancer through mitochondria.

Azacyclonol (γ-pipradol), a metabolite of Terfenadine, is a central depressant agent. Azacyclonol is a ganglion-blocking agent. Azacyclonol can be used to diminish psychoses-induced hallucinations.

Sodium thiosulfate (Sodium hyposulfite) is an antioxidant. Sodium thiosulfate inhibits the expression of p-GSK-3β and β-catenin proteins, reduces IL-1β, COX-2, and Iba-1, and inhibits NFκB activation. Sodium thiosulfate promotes angiogenesis, inhibits inflammation, and improves acute lung injury. Sodium thiosulfate also exhibits anti-cancer activity against melanoma. Sodium thiosulfate also exerts renal protective effects. Sodium thiosulfate can be used in the research of osteoarthritis, brain inflammation, cancer (such as breast cancer, melanoma), and kidney disease.

LacCer (d18:1/16:0) (C16 Lactosylceramide (d18:1/16:0)) is an endogenous bioactive sphingolipid that can form membrane microdomains with Lyn kinase and the αi subunits of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The levels of LacCer (d18:1/16:0) are elevated in the plasma of insulin-resistant cattle. In a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease (a neurodegenerative cholesterol-sphingolipid lysosomal storage disorder), the expression of LacCer (d18:1/16:0) is also upregulated. LacCer (d18:1/16:0) can be used in research on metabolic diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.

Cliramitug (NI-006; ALXN2220) is a monoclonal antibody that targets human transthyretin (TTR). Cliramitug binds to TTR and inhibits its amyloidogenic process, exerting amyloid formation-inhibiting activity. Cliramitug can be used in the research of transthyretin amyloidosis-related diseases, such as certain neurological and cardiovascular diseases.

D-Serine-d₃ ((R)-Serine-d₃) is a deuterium labeled D-Serine (HY-100808). D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the NMDA glutamate receptor. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration.

Methocarbamol is an orally active central muscle relaxant and blocks muscular Nav1.4 channel. Methocarbamol reversibly affects voltage dependence of inactivation of Nav1.4 channel. Methocarbamol has the potential for muscle spasms and pain syndromes research.

ONC-841 is a blood-brain barrier-permeable, humanized monoclonal antibody targeting SIGLEC10. As an immune checkpoint inhibitor, ONC-841 restores the functions of immune effector cells such as T cells and enhances anti-tumor immune responses by blocking inhibitory signals mediated by SIGLEC10. ONC-841 restores the phagocytic and migratory activities of microglia, and promotes the phagocytosis of Amyloid-β and Tau protein aggregates by microglia. ONC-841 is applicable to research related to solid tumors and Alzheimer's disease.

Cholesterol-PEG 600 is a synthetic cholesterol derivative and also a Aβ (1-42) binder. Cholesterol-PEG 600 promotes the fibrillogenesis of Aβ (1-42). Cholesterol-PEG 600 is applicable to the research of Alzheimer's disease.

Alpha-lipoic acid choline ester (EV 06) chloride is choline ester of alpha-lipoic acid. Alpha-lipoic acid choline ester chloride reduces the disulfide bond level of lens proteins. Alpha-lipoic acid choline ester chloride improves lens elasticity. Alpha-lipoic acid choline ester chloride is hydrolyzed by ocular esterases to release alpha-lipoic acid and choline. Alpha-lipoic acid choline ester chloride is used for the research of presbyopia.

Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride is an anthocyanin. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride inhibits inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6) expression and NO production. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3, IκB, ERK, p38, and AKT. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride inhibits high pressure-induced decrease in GLAST. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride exerts anti-inflammatory and skin barrier modulating effects. Cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride can be used in retinal research.

MMP-9-IN-9 (compound 4f) is a slective MMP-9 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 5 nM. MMP-9-IN-9 shows selective for MMP-9 over MMP-1 and MMP-13. MMP-9-IN-9 shows strong anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

Imiquimod maleate (R 837 maleate), an immune response modifier, is a selective toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist. Imiquimod maleate exhibits antiviral and antitumor effects in vivo. Imiquimod maleate can be used for the research of external genital, perianal warts, cancer and COVID-19.

ML204 hydrochloride is a novel, potent, selective TRPC4/TRPC5 channel inhibitor, with at least 19-fold selectivity against TRPC6 and no appreciable effect on all other TRP channels, nor on voltage-gated sodium, potassium, or Ca²⁺ channels.

LY2828360 is a slowly acting but efficacious G protein-biased cannabinoid (CB₂) agonist, inhibiting cAMP accumulation and activating ERK1/2 signaling.

3-Indolepropionic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Indolepropionic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Indolepropionic acid is shown to be a powerful antioxidant and has potential in the treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. In Vitro: 3-Indolepropionic acid is shown to be a powerful antioxidant and has potential in the treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. 3-Indolepropionic acid is a more potent scavenger of hydroxyl radicals than melatonin. Similar to melatonin but unlike other antioxidants, 3-Indolepropionic acid scavenges radicals without subsequently generating reactive and pro-oxidant intermediate compounds. It is also suggested that indolepropionic acid, a gut microbiota-produced metabolite, is a potential biomarker for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) that may mediate its protective effect by preservation of β-cell function.

MDR-1339 (DWK-1339) is an orally active and blood-brain-barrier-permeable Aβ-aggregation inhibitor, used in the research of Alzheimer's disease.

Amisulpride hydrochloride is a dopamine D₂/D₃ receptor antagonist with K_is of 2.8 and 3.2 nM for human dopamine D₂ and D₃, respectively.

JNJ-46778212 (VU 0409551) is an mGlu5 positive allosteric modulator with an EC₅₀ of 260 nM.

Latrepirdine dihydrochloride is a neuroactive compound with antagonist activity at histaminergic, α-adrenergic, and serotonergic receptors. Latrepirdine stimulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) catabolism and amyloid-β (Aβ) secretion.