CF-Vanillin

Triton WR 1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice^[1]

0.534 mmol/kg; 0.267 mmol/kg; 0.1335 mmol/kg

once daily; 7 days

Reduced serum TG by 28.82% and serum TC by 37.23% at 0.534 mmol/kg.
Reduced serum TG by 24.32% and serum TC by 29.51% at 0.267 mmol/kg.
Reduced serum TG by 21.83% and serum TC by 19.07% at 0.1335 mmol/kg.

Healthy mice^[1]

1.65 mmol/kg

i.g.; once daily; 30 days

Showed no significant difference in body weight relative to control or CF groups.
Significantly reduced liver weight and liver coefficient relative to the CF group.
Significantly reduced serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels relative to the CF group.
Reduced serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) levels but not significantly.
Significantly increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels relative to the CF group, significantly increased serum glutathione (GSH) levels relative to the CF group, and significantly reduced serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels relative to the CF group.
Significantly reduced liver tissue tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) protein expression relative to the CF group.
Reduced interleukin-6 (IL-6) protein expression but not significantly.
Showed no inflammatory cell infiltration and only mild hepatocyte swelling, compared to marked hepatocyte swelling, necrosis, nuclear degeneration/dissolution, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the CF group.
Significantly upregulated liver tissue Nrf2 protein expression relative to the CF group, and significantly upregulated HO-1 protein expression relative to the CF group.