1. Apoptosis Anti-infection
  2. Apoptosis Bacterial Parasite
  3. Girinimbine

Girinimbine (Girinimbin) is a carbazole alkaloid with a variety of biological effects. Girinimbine can induce apoptosis, and has antitrypanosomal, antiplatelet activity, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities.

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Girinimbine Chemical Structure

Girinimbine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 23095-44-5

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Description

Girinimbine (Girinimbin) is a carbazole alkaloid with a variety of biological effects. Girinimbine can induce apoptosis, and has antitrypanosomal, antiplatelet activity, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities[1][2][3].

In Vitro

Girinimbine (1-400 µM; 24-72 h) decreases the viability of HepG2 cells in 24, 48 and 72 h with IC50 values of 61 µM, 56 µM, and 40 µM respectively. Girinimbine (10-100 µM; 24-48 h) increase of LDH leakage in both concentration- and time-dependent manner in HepG2 cells[1].
Girinimbine (56 µM; 24-48 h) treatment results in DNA fragmentation and elevates levels of caspase-3 in HepG2 cells[1]. HepG2 cells[1].
Girinimbine (56 µM; 12-48 h) treatment also displays a time-dependent accumulation of the Sub-G0/G1 peak (hypodiploid) and caused G0/G1-phase arrest[1].
Girinimbine shows a potent antitrypanosomal activitywith an IC50 value of 10.16 µg/mL[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay[1]

Cell Line: HepG2 cells
Concentration: 1 µM, 10 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM, 200 µM
Incubation Time: 24 h, 48 h and 72 h
Result: Inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Apoptosis Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HepG2 cells
Concentration: 56 µM
Incubation Time: 24 h, 48 h
Result: Showed typical morphological features of apoptosis.

Cell Cycle Analysis[1]

Cell Line: HepG2 cells
Concentration: 56 µM
Incubation Time: 12 h, 24 h, 48 h
Result: Induced G0/G1-phase arrest in HepG2 cells.
In Vivo

Girinimbine (10-100 mg/kg; orally gavage; once) pretreatment helps limit total leukocyte migration, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α) levels in the peritoneal fluid[2].
In vivo in zebrafish embryos, Girinimbine (20 μg/mL; 24 hours) shows significant distribution of apoptotic cells in embryos[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male ICR mice (25-35 g) treated with carrageenan[2]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg
Administration: Orally gavage; once
Result: Helped limit total leukocyte migration, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the peritoneal fluid.
Molecular Weight

263.33

Formula

C18H17NO

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

CC(OC1=C(C)C=C23)(C)C=CC1=C3NC4=C2C=CC=C4

Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Purity & Documentation
References
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Girinimbine Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Girinimbine
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