Others

α-MSH (11-13) (ACTH-(11-13)) acetate is a C-terminal tripeptide of α-MSH that can cross the blood-brain barrier. α-MSH (11-13) acetate exhibits antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. α-MSH (11-13) acetate also exerts neuroprotective effects after traumatic brain injury by inhibiting excessive activation of microglia and reducing neuronal apoptosis. α-MSH (11-13) acetate can be used in research related to traumatic brain injury, fever, and bacterial infections.

Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA (γ-Glu-Cys TFA) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine TFA is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease.

Autoinducing Peptide I is a cyclic octapeptide secreted by Staphylococcus aureus and can be used in vaccine research.

Semaglutide Main Chain (9-37) is a peptide starting material in the synthesis of semaglutide (HY-114118).

SHLP2 (Small humanin-like peptide 2) is a small molecule peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA, belonging to mitochondria derived peptide. SHLP2 has the activity of regulating apoptosis and inhibits cell death. SHLP2 binds to mitochondrial complex 1. SHLP2 improves mitochondrial metabolism by increasing respiration and biogenesis, reducing ROS, and decreasing mtDNA oxidation. SHLP2 also regulated energy homeostasis through the activation of hypothalamic neurons. SHLP2 can be used in the study of diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction and anti-aging diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and Parkinson’s disease.

Glycyl-L-phenylalanine is a phenylalanine derivative.

Histone H4 (2-21) is a substrate peptide derived from the N-terminal region of histone H4, which serves as an acyl acceptor for lysine acetyltransferases of the MYST family (KAT). Histone H4 (2-21) participates in enzymatic reactions together with acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA, and undergoes lysine acetylation and propionylation modifications catalyzed by KATs such as MOF. The apparent K_m of Histone H4 (2-21) for MOF is 788.8 μM, while in the picNuA4 catalytic system, the K_m and K_d values of the H4 peptide are 192 μM and 251 μM, respectively. Histone H4 (2-21) can be used in studies related to histone post-translational modifications, epigenetic regulation, and lysine acylation.

TNF-α (46-65), human is a peptide of TNF-α.

Glycyl-L-proline (H-Gly-Pro-OH) is a dipeptide. Glycyl-L-proline can induce MCF-7 cells apoptosis. Glycyl-L-proline can enhance the inhibitory effect of the PRODH/POX knockout on collagen and DNA biosynthesis. Glycyl-L-proline can inhibit Gly-Sar and L-proline transport. Glycyl-L-proline can be used for the researches of cancer and metabolic disease, such as breast cancer.

H-γ-Glu-Gln-OH is a hydrophilic peptide and can be conjugated to drugs. The carrier composed of H-γ-Glu-Gln-OH has the characteristics of high water solubility and drug-loading capacity, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, improved tumor targeting ability, and anti-tumor efficacy.

H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is a collagen-derived matrikine that has classically been described as a neutrophil chemoattractant. H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH is perfectly positioned to focus neutrophils on the site required and direct a localized repair response. H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH activates the transcription of neurotrophins and their receptor genes after cerebral ischemia.

Leu-Leu-OH (L-Leucyl-L-leucine), a Leu derivative, is a neutral dipeptide that can be used to study the functionality of dileucine motifs.

BMP2-derived peptide is an osteogenic inducer and BMP receptor ligand. BMP2-derived peptide binds to BMP receptors on the cell surface to form a complex, activates the downstream Smad signaling pathway, and regulates the expression of osteogenic transcription factors. BMP2-derived peptide effectively promotes the adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, significantly up-regulates the mRNA levels of OCN, Runx2 and type I collagen, and increases alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. BMP2-derived peptide induces osteoblast differentiation and ectopic bone regeneration, and improves cranial bone defect repair. Meanwhile, BMP2-derived peptide enhances the cytocompatibility of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, synergistically increases osteogenic activity with Dexamethasone (HY-14648), serving as an important tool for bone defect repair research.

Liraglutide-¹³C₆,¹⁵ tetraTFA is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Liraglutide (HY-P0014). Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Z-Val-Ala-OH is a dipeptide derivative of valine and alanine. Z-Val-Ala-OH undergoes cleavage by cathepsin B and other lysosomal proteases to enable payload release following lysosomal internalization. Z-Val-Ala-OH can be used for the research of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) development[1].

C3a (70-77) TFA (Complement 3a (70-77) TFA) is an octapeptide corresponding to the COOH terminus of C3a, exhibits the specificity and 1 to 2% biologic activities of C3a.

C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an anti-pneumococcal plasma protein that can serve as an inflammatory marker. C-Reactive protein can protect mice from pneumococcal infection by activating complement. C-Reactive protein can inhibit the activation of caspase-3/9 through the CD64/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby promoting chemotherapy resistance in mice with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Mca-Pro-Leu is a fluorescently labeled dipeptide.

Cysteine peptide is a tyrosinase inhibitor with skin-whitening, antioxidant and multi-regulatory activities. Cysteine peptide inhibits enzyme activity and blocks melanin transport, effectively reducing UV-B-induced skin erythema and pigmentation. Cysteine peptide synergistically maintains skin health by quenching ROS, resisting oxidative stress and promoting pheomelanin production. Cysteine peptide safely prevents daily ultraviolet damage and supports moderate sun exposure for vitamin D synthesis. Cysteine peptide also acts as a plant signaling factor to regulate vegetative growth, development and stress resistance responses.

Cyclo(-Leu-Phe) is a cyclic peptide composed of leucine and phenylalanine, forming a ring structure through peptide bonds.