Cat. No.: HY-A0106

Levamisole

(Synonyms: (-)-Tetramisole)

17 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 17 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Levamisole ((-)-Levamisole), an anthelmintic agent with immunomodulatory properties. Levamisole acts as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) for the α3β2 (EC₅₀=300 μM) and α3β4 (EC₅₀=100 μM) subtype of nAChRs. Orally active.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.96%
CAS No.: 14769-73-4
Formula: C₁₁H₁₂N₂S
Molecular Weight:204.30

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Levamisole Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 14769-73-4

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- Cellular Effect
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (17)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All Parasite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Levamisole	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27376493]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: Levamisole	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by Coulter counting method Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by Coulter counting method	[PMID: 25064346]
HeLa	IC₅₀	250 μM Compound: Levamisole	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by Coulter counting method Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by Coulter counting method	[PMID: 25064346]
HeLa	IC₅₀	96 μM Compound: Levamisole	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27376493]
L1210	IC₅₀	206 μM Compound: Levamisole	Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210 cells after 48 hrs by Coulter counting method Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210 cells after 48 hrs by Coulter counting method	[PMID: 25064346]
MCF7	IC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: Levamisole	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27376493]

In Vivo

(S)-(-)-Levamisole (Levamisole) (50 μg/ml and 200 μg/ml; p.o.; 30 days) prevents weight gain in mice that were fed a high fat diet^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 14769-73-4
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 204.30
Formula C₁₁H₁₂N₂S
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C12=N[C@@H](C3=CC=CC=C3)CN1CCS2
Synonyms

(-)-Tetramisole
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (17)

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Journal Impact Factor

EBioMedicine

A strategy to re-sensitise drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria to oxazolidinone-class antibiotics. [Abstract]

2025 Sep:119:105914. PMID: 40912150
Int J Biol Macromol

An inulin-type fructan from Codonopsis pilosula ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression and intestinal barrier injury in mice. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 17;310(Pt 1):143312. PMID: 40250123

Levamisole purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Apr 17;310(Pt 1):143312. [Abstract]

Levamisole hydrochloride (LMS: 40 mg/kg). Serum levels of IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ.

Levamisole purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Apr 17;310(Pt 1):143312. [Abstract]

Levamisole hydrochloride (LMS: 40 mg/kg). Intestinal H&E staining.
ACS Environ Au

Machine Learning-Assisted Recognition of Environmental Sulfur-Containing Chemicals in Nontargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Inadequate Mass Resolution. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. PMID: 41277996
Food Sci Hum Wellness

2026 Apr 7.
Emerg Contam

2026 Feb 23.
Anal Chem

Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576
Geroscience

Escitalopram accelerated aging via impaired IIS/autophagy signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 5. PMID: 41781498
J Ethnopharmacol

Toxicity study of mineral medicine haematitum. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 3:118406. PMID: 38838923
Biomolecules

Immunomodulatory Effects of Periplaneta americana Oligosaccharides Through SCFA-Producing Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Regulation in Immunosuppressed Mice. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 25;16(4):496. PMID: 42072618
FEBS J

Compromised DNA replication in gut cells underlies sensitivity to genotoxic stress in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. [Abstract]

2026 Apr 8. PMID: 41949121
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci

A quantifiable grading standard for Codonopsis Radix based on the multidimensional quality evaluation system of phenotype, chemistry, and bioactivity. [Abstract]

2026 May 16:1280:125125. PMID: 42143989
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom

Hydroxy levamisole and its phase II conjugates as potential indicators of levamisole doping in thoroughbred horses. [Abstract]

2023 Feb 15;37(3):e9430. PMID: 36382989
bioRxiv

2025 Nov 1.
Phytomed Plus

2025 Aug 23.
bioRxiv

2025 Jul 24.
bioRxiv

2023 Oct 15.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

Fosthiazate exposure induces oxidative stress, nerve damage, and reproductive disorders in nontarget nematodes. [Abstract]

2023 Jan;30(5):12522-12531. PMID: 36112285

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (489.48 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

4.8948 mL

24.4741 mL

48.9481 mL

5 mM

0.9790 mL

4.8948 mL

9.7896 mL

10 mM

0.4895 mL

2.4474 mL

4.8948 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.24 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.24 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.24 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (275 KB)
SDS (396 KB)
- English - EN (396 KB)
- Français - FR (396 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (396 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (396 KB)
- Español - ES (396 KB)
- Swedish - SV (396 KB)
- Italian - IT (396 KB)
- Korean - KR (396 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (396 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Lewis JA, et al. Levamisole: A Positive Allosteric Modulator for the α3β4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Prevents Weight Gain in the CD-1 Mice on a High Fat Diet. Curr Pharm Des. 2017;23(12):1869-1872. [Content Brief]

[2]. Mehta KP, et al. Immunoregulatory treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Arch Dis Child. 1986;61(2):153-158. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	4.8948 mL	24.4741 mL	48.9481 mL	122.3703 mL
	5 mM	0.9790 mL	4.8948 mL	9.7896 mL	24.4741 mL
	10 mM	0.4895 mL	2.4474 mL	4.8948 mL	12.2370 mL
	15 mM	0.3263 mL	1.6316 mL	3.2632 mL	8.1580 mL
	20 mM	0.2447 mL	1.2237 mL	2.4474 mL	6.1185 mL
	25 mM	0.1958 mL	0.9790 mL	1.9579 mL	4.8948 mL
	30 mM	0.1632 mL	0.8158 mL	1.6316 mL	4.0790 mL
	40 mM	0.1224 mL	0.6119 mL	1.2237 mL	3.0593 mL
	50 mM	0.0979 mL	0.4895 mL	0.9790 mL	2.4474 mL
	60 mM	0.0816 mL	0.4079 mL	0.8158 mL	2.0395 mL
	80 mM	0.0612 mL	0.3059 mL	0.6119 mL	1.5296 mL
	100 mM	0.0489 mL	0.2447 mL	0.4895 mL	1.2237 mL

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Levamisole

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Levamisole

All Parasite Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (17)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Levamisole Related Classifications

HY-A0106 Related Classifications