Diphenyleneiodonium chloride
Based on 67 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride is a NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor and also functions as a TRPA1 activator with an EC50 of 1 to 3 μM. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride selectively inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species.
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- Pureté : 99.88%
- CAS No.: 4673-26-1
- Formule: C12H8ClI
- Masse moléculaire:314.55
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Stockage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Activité biologique
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Chemical Information
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Solvant et solubilité
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Diphenyleneiodonium chloride
More- Cancer Cell. 2021 Mar 8;39(3):423-437.e7. [Abstract]
- Gut. 2026 Jul 16:gutjnl-2025-337720.
- Nat Commun. 2025 Jul 18;16(1):6621. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Jun 17;15(1):5170. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2022 Apr;11(8):e2102439. [Abstract]
- Arch Toxicol. 2022 Nov;96(11):2913-2926. [Abstract]
- Arch Toxicol. 2022 Jul;96(7):2113-2122. [Abstract]
- Appl Phys Rev. 2026 Jan 21.
- J Hazard Mater. 2025 Nov 5:499:140113. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2025 Nov 14;23(1):1289. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2023 Mar 25;21(1):218. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 Feb:347:150597. [Abstract]
- Sens Actuators B Chem. 2025 Sep 3;446:138681.
- Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Dec 8;14(12):1473. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Nov 1:224:130-143. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2024 Aug 1:220:179-191. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2026 Jun 22:117579. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2023 Sep 26;42(10):113179. [Abstract]
- Plant Cell Environ. 2025 Sep;48(9):6704-6721. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2026 Jun 10;74(22):17392-17404. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Nov 3;69(43):12862-12869. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2024 Nov:229:116496. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2026 Mar 1:388:124173. [Abstract]
- Commun Biol. 2024 Jul 20;7(1):887. [Abstract]
- Mar Drugs. 2025 Mar 22;23(4):138. [Abstract]
- Biomolecules. 2026 Aug;16(8):1081.
- Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 27;26(1):143. [Abstract]
- Toxicology. 2026 Nov:526:154549.
- Bioorg Chem. 2022 Dec:129:106190. [Abstract]
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2023 Mar;1869(3):166613. [Abstract]
- Mol Plant Pathol. 2019 Aug;20(8):1093-1104. [Abstract]
- PLoS Pathog. 2024 Nov 5;20(11):e1012614. [Abstract]
- Mediators Inflamm. 2020 Jun 6:2020:4321912. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2022 Jun;94:110330. [Abstract]
- J Cell Mol Med. 2021 Jun;25(11):4962-4973. [Abstract]
- Sci Hortic. 2025 Dec 11;355:114551.
- J Inflamm Res. 2025 Apr 4:18:4695-4708. [Abstract]
- Poult Sci. 2024 Jun;103(6):103717. [Abstract]
- Brain Res Bull. 2022 Feb:179:57-67. [Abstract]
- Neurochem Res. 2021 Aug;46(8):2089-2096. [Abstract]
- Aquaculture. 2023 Oct 15, 575, 739760.
- Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Oct:129:22-29. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018 Mar 1;314(3):H580-H592. [Abstract]
- J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 May 26;18(1):386. [Abstract]
- Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2025 Feb:495:117232. [Abstract]
- Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019 Mar 1:366:83-95. [Abstract]
- Cancer Med. 2026 May;15(5):e71898. [Abstract]
- Arch Biochem Biophys. 2021 Oct 30:711:109015. [Abstract]
- Exp Cell Res. 2021 Sep 1;406(1):112719. [Abstract]
- Exp Cell Res. 2020 Sep 15;394(2):112101. [Abstract]
- Infect Immun. 2020 Oct 19;88(11):e00537-20. [Abstract]
- Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 Feb:148:111926. [Abstract]
- J Inorg Biochem. 2022 Apr:229:111725. [Abstract]
- J Inorg Biochem. 2022 Apr 20;233:111838. [Abstract]
- Insects. 2026 Mar 10;17(3):300. [Abstract]
- Vet Parasitol. 2025 Jul:337:110471. [Abstract]
- Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2025 Feb 26:2025:4950214. [Abstract]
- Transpl Immunol. 2021 Oct:68:101434. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Jun 15.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Sep 11.
- bioRxiv. 2025 January 15.
- Research Square Preprint. 2024 Oct 15.
- Sci Total Environ. 2023 Nov 20:900:165821. [Abstract]
- Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Jun 18:2022:6489923. [Abstract]
- Research Square Preprint. 2022 May.
- Research Square Preprint. 2021 May.
- Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Jan:121:109615. [Abstract]
Customer Validation & Images
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Flow Cytometry
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Flow Cytometry
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Flow Cytometry
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Activité biologique
Description
IC50 & Target
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neutrophil | IC50 |
1.8 μM
Compound: DPI
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Inhibition of PMA-stimulated super oxide anion generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
Inhibition of PMA-stimulated super oxide anion generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
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[PMID: 19278854] |
| Neutrophil | IC50 |
2.7 μM
Compound: DPI
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Inhibition of fMLP/cytochalasin B-stimulated super oxide anion generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
Inhibition of fMLP/cytochalasin B-stimulated super oxide anion generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
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[PMID: 19278854] |
| Neutrophil | IC50 |
3.3 μM
Compound: DPI
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Inhibition of 3 nM PMA-stimulated superoxide anion generation in rat neutrophils
Inhibition of 3 nM PMA-stimulated superoxide anion generation in rat neutrophils
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[PMID: 17320246] |
| Neutrophil | IC50 |
4.3 μM
Compound: DPI
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Inhibition of PMA-induced superoxide generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
Inhibition of PMA-induced superoxide generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
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[PMID: 19699097] |
| Neutrophil | IC50 |
5.2 μM
Compound: DPI
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Inhibition of fMLP-induced superoxide generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
Inhibition of fMLP-induced superoxide generation in Sprague-Dawley rat neutrophils
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[PMID: 19699097] |
| Neutrophil | IC50 |
5.8 μM
Compound: DPI
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Inhibition of 0.3 uM fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion generation in rat neutrophils
Inhibition of 0.3 uM fMLP-stimulated superoxide anion generation in rat neutrophils
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[PMID: 17320246] |
In Vitro
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride is a NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor and also functions as a TRPA1 activator with an EC50 of 1 to 3 μM. Application of Diphenyleneiodonium chloride to HEK-TRPA1 cells at a concentration ranges of 0.03 to 10 μM effectively induces a Ca2+ response. However, Diphenyleneiodonium chloride fails to evoke a Ca2+ response in control HEK cells, even at a relatively high dose of 10 μM[1]. When Diphenyleneiodonium chloride is included in the co-cultures, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced preOL apoptosis is significantly inhibited. Treatment with Diphenyleneiodonium chloride is found to significantly attenuate the LPS-induced O2- production by 2.0-fold, reducing it to within 27% of the controls[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 4673-26-1
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Appearance Solid
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Masse moléculaire 314.55
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Formule C12H8ClI
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C12=CC=CC=C1C3=CC=CC=C3[I+]2.[Cl-]
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Synonyms
DPI
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Livraison
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Stockage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (67)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cancer Cell
Cathepsin C promotes breast cancer lung metastasis by modulating neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. [Abstract]2021 Mar 8;39(3):423-437.e7. PMID: 33450198 -
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Nat Commun
2025 Jul 18;16(1):6621. PMID: 40681515
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Jul 18;16(1):6621. [Abstract]
Treatment with Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) inhibited GFP-ATG8a translocation to the tonoplast. The schematic diagram on the left illustrated the timing of DPI addition and the subsequent monensin treatment. Scale bar, 20 μm.
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Nat Commun
NCF4 attenuates colorectal cancer progression by modulating inflammasome activation and immune surveillance. [Abstract]2024 Jun 17;15(1):5170. PMID: 38886341 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Encountering and Wrestling: Neutrophils Recognize and Defensively Degrade Graphene Oxide. [Abstract]2022 Apr;11(8):e2102439. PMID: 34859964 -
Arch Toxicol
CuO-NPs-triggered heterophil extracellular traps exacerbate liver injury in chicks by promoting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. [Abstract]2022 Nov;96(11):2913-2926. PMID: 35962800 -
Arch Toxicol
Chicken heterophils extracellular traps act as early effectors against cyclopiazonic acid dependent upon NADPH oxidase, ROS and glycolysis. [Abstract]2022 Jul;96(7):2113-2122. PMID: 35508807 -
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J Hazard Mater
Microplastics modulate neutrophil migration via an ROShistone lactylation positive feedback loop. [Abstract]2025 Nov 5:499:140113. PMID: 41092707 -
J Transl Med
MPTP mediated Ox-mtDNA release inducing macrophage pyroptosis and exacerbating MCD-induced MASH via promoting the ITPR3/Ca2+/NLRP3 pathway. [Abstract]2025 Nov 14;23(1):1289. PMID: 41239426 -
J Transl Med
Mitochondrial ROS driven by NOX4 upregulation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell survival after incomplete radiofrequency ablation by inducing of mitophagy via Nrf2/PINK1. [Abstract]2023 Mar 25;21(1):218. PMID: 36964576
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Transl Med. 2023 Mar 25;21(1):218. [Abstract]
Heated or unheated HCC cells were incubated with or without inhibitors of ROS: NAC (5 mM), MitoTEMPO (500 nM), Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (10 μM), or VAS2870 (10 μM). Apoptosis was quantified using Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometry at 24 h after sublethal heat stress.
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Transl Med. 2023 Mar 25;21(1):218. [Abstract]
Heated or unheated HCC cells preincubated with or without inhibitors of NADPH oxidase: Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (10 μM) and VAS2870 (10 μM), MitoSOX fluorescence measured using flow cytometry at 6 h after sublethal heat stress.
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Int J Biol Macromol
2026 Feb:347:150597. PMID: 41643971 -
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Antioxidants (Basel)
Imaging Reactive Oxygen Species with L-012 Reveals Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]2025 Dec 8;14(12):1473. PMID: 41462673 -
Free Radic Biol Med
Prohibitin 2 confers NADPH oxidase 1-mediated cytosolic oxidative signaling to promote gastric cancer progression by ERK activation. [Abstract]2024 Nov 1:224:130-143. PMID: 39182738 -
Free Radic Biol Med
Atorvastatin combined with imipenem alleviates lung injury in sepsis by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular trap formation via the ERK/NOX2 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 Aug 1:220:179-191. PMID: 38704053 -
Cell Rep
Mrgpra2+ neutrophils integrate infection-derived signals to trigger NET-mediated antimicrobial defense in bone marrow. [Abstract]2026 Jun 22:117579. PMID: 42330955 -
Cell Rep
Circadian clock1a coordinates neutrophil recruitment via nfe212a/duox-reactive oxygen species pathway in zebrafish. [Abstract]2023 Sep 26;42(10):113179. PMID: 37756160 -
Plant Cell Environ
Gα Protein Mediates High-Concentration CO2-Induced Stomata Closure Through Interaction With Carbonic Anhydrase to Promote Guard Cell Hydrogen Peroxide Production in Arabidopsis. [Abstract]2025 Sep;48(9):6704-6721. PMID: 40421746 -
J Agric Food Chem
T-2 Toxin Induces Macrophage Extracellular Trap Formation via CLOCK-WNT10B-PAD2/ROS Signaling. [Abstract]2026 Jun 10;74(22):17392-17404. PMID: 42207496 -
J Agric Food Chem
Glycolysis and Reactive Oxygen Species Production Participate in T-2 Toxin-Stimulated Chicken Heterophil Extracellular Traps. [Abstract]2021 Nov 3;69(43):12862-12869. PMID: 34694797 -
Biochem Pharmacol
NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the development of the pro-fibrotic phenotype of lung fibroblasts. [Abstract]2024 Nov:229:116496. PMID: 39159876 -
Life Sci
Galectin-9 in human trophoblast cells: Implications for maternal-fetal immune balance and pregnancy complications. [Abstract]2026 Mar 1:388:124173. PMID: 41544754 -
Commun Biol
Histone lactylation-ROS loop contributes to light exposure-exacerbated neutrophil recruitment in zebrafish. [Abstract]2024 Jul 20;7(1):887. PMID: 39033200 -
Mar Drugs
Marine Sponge-Derived Gukulenin A Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cells to PARP Inhibition via Ferroptosis Induction. [Abstract]2025 Mar 22;23(4):138. PMID: 40278259
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mar Drugs. 2025 Mar 22;23(4):138. [Abstract]
Effects of diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI, 0.1 µM) followed by 48 h treatment with GUA (5 nM) and OLA (3 µM), demonstrated a marked reduction in ROS levels and subsequent cell restoration.
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Int J Mol Sci
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Model Induced by Monosodium Urate and Phorbol Myristate Acetate: Involvement in MAPK Signaling Pathways. [Abstract]2024 Dec 27;26(1):143. PMID: 39796001 -
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Bioorg Chem
Development of a nitroreductase-dependent theranostic payload for antibody-drug conjugate. [Abstract]2022 Dec:129:106190. PMID: 36242983 -
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis
Necroptosis signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome cross-talking in epithelium facilitate Pseudomonas aeruginosa mediated lung injury. [Abstract]2023 Mar;1869(3):166613. PMID: 36470578 -
Mol Plant Pathol
Suppression of auxin signalling promotes rice susceptibility to Rice black streaked dwarf virus infection. [Abstract]2019 Aug;20(8):1093-1104. PMID: 31250531 -
PLoS Pathog
2024 Nov 5;20(11):e1012614. PMID: 39499730 -
Mediators Inflamm
CD137 Signaling Promotes Endothelial Apoptosis by Inhibiting Nrf2 Pathway, and Upregulating NF- κ B Pathway. [Abstract]2020 Jun 6:2020:4321912. PMID: 32587470
Diphenyleneiodonium chloride purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mediators Inflamm. 2020 Jun 6:2020:4321912. [Abstract]
Western blot result shows that compared with the agonist-CD137 group, the phosphorylation level of NF-κB in the DPI group is significantly reduced, indicating the interaction between ROS and NF-κB.
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Cell Signal
NOX2-derived hydrogen peroxide impedes the AMPK/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway contributing to cell death in neuronal cells. [Abstract]2022 Jun;94:110330. PMID: 35390465 -
J Cell Mol Med
Blue LED causes autophagic cell death in human osteosarcoma by increasing ROS generation and dephosphorylating EGFR. [Abstract]2021 Jun;25(11):4962-4973. PMID: 33960631 -
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J Inflamm Res
NLRP3 Mediates NOXs-Induced Iron Overload and Inflammation but Not Oxidative Damage in Colons of DSS-Treated Mice. [Abstract]2025 Apr 4:18:4695-4708. PMID: 40201574 -
Poult Sci
2024 Jun;103(6):103717. PMID: 38643746 -
Brain Res Bull
ZFP36 protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal apoptosis through inhibiting NOX4-DRP1 pathway. [Abstract]2022 Feb:179:57-67. PMID: 34896479 -
Neurochem Res
NADPH-Oxidase 2 Promotes Autophagy in Spinal Neurons During the Development of Morphine Tolerance. [Abstract]2021 Aug;46(8):2089-2096. PMID: 34008119 -
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Fish Shellfish Immunol
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) exhibit immune toxicity to crucian carp (Carassius carassius) by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release and oxidative stress. [Abstract]2022 Oct:129:22-29. PMID: 35932984 -
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
Overexpression of the neuronal human (pro)renin receptor mediates angiotensin II-independent blood pressure regulation in the central nervous system. [Abstract]2018 Mar 1;314(3):H580-H592. PMID: 29350998 -
J Orthop Surg Res
L-carnitine alleviates synovitis in knee osteoarthritis by regulating lipid accumulation and mitochondrial function through the AMPK-ACC-CPT1 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2023 May 26;18(1):386. PMID: 37237380 -
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
T-2 toxin triggers immunotoxic effects in goats by inducing ferroptosis and neutrophil extracellular traps. [Abstract]2025 Feb:495:117232. PMID: 39832565 -
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
M1 macrophage mediated increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence wound healing via the MAPK signaling in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]2019 Mar 1:366:83-95. PMID: 30690042 -
Cancer Med
Metronomic Capecitabine Triggers Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Through Inhibition of TYMS. [Abstract]2026 May;15(5):e71898. PMID: 42108395 -
Arch Biochem Biophys
2021 Oct 30:711:109015. PMID: 34437865 -
Exp Cell Res
Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits neutrophil extracellular traps formation and alleviates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat liver transplantation. [Abstract]2021 Sep 1;406(1):112719. PMID: 34273405 -
Exp Cell Res
A novel cell-based assay for dynamically detecting neutrophil extracellular traps-induced lung epithelial injuries. [Abstract]2020 Sep 15;394(2):112101. PMID: 32474064 -
Infect Immun
Coinfection with Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) and Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 (SS2) Enhances the Survival of SS2 in Swine Tracheal Epithelial Cells by Decreasing Reactive Oxygen Species Production. [Abstract]2020 Oct 19;88(11):e00537-20. PMID: 32868342 -
Food Chem Toxicol
Diacetoxyscirpenol-induced heterophil extracellular traps contribute to the immune toxicity of liver injury in chickens. [Abstract]2021 Feb:148:111926. PMID: 33352262 -
J Inorg Biochem
Alumina nanoparticles-induced heterophil extracellular traps exacerbate liver injury by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation in chickens. [Abstract]2022 Apr:229:111725. PMID: 35063926 -
J Inorg Biochem
Nanosilver-stimulated heterophil extracellular traps promoted liver and kidney injury in chicken. [Abstract]2022 Apr 20;233:111838. PMID: 35504082 -
Insects
Pharmacological Effects of NADPH Oxidase Inhibitors on Butterfly Wing Morphogenesis and Color Pattern Formation in Junonia orithya. [Abstract]2026 Mar 10;17(3):300. PMID: 41898962 -
Vet Parasitol
2025 Jul:337:110471. PMID: 40245810 -
Gastroenterol Res Pract
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promote Pancreatic Cancer Progression via the STING Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Feb 26:2025:4950214. PMID: 40046958 -
Transpl Immunol
Diphenyleneiodonium ameliorates acute liver rejection during transplantation by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps formation in vivo. [Abstract]2021 Oct:68:101434. PMID: 34216758 -
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Sci Total Environ
Altered generation pattern of reactive oxygen species triggering DNA and plasma membrane damages to human liver cells treated with arsenite. [Abstract]2023 Nov 20:900:165821. PMID: 37506919 -
Oxid Med Cell Longev
A β 1-40 Oligomers Trigger Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation through TLR4- and NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Pathways in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. [Abstract]2022 Jun 18:2022:6489923. PMID: 35761872 -
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Biomed Pharmacother
Convallatoxin induces HaCaT cell necroptosis and ameliorates skin lesions in psoriasis-like mouse models. [Abstract]2020 Jan:121:109615. PMID: 31707343
Solvant et solubilité
In Vitro:
DMSO : 3.33 mg/mL (10.59 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 0.33 mg/mL (1.05 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.33 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (3.3 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 10 mg/mL (31.79 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocole
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
Pureté et documentation
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Fiche technique (285 KB)
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SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
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Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)
Références
[1]. Suzuki H, et al. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium activates the human TRPA1 nociceptor. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2014 Aug 15;307(4):C384-94. [Content Brief]
[2]. He YF, et al. Diphenyleneiodonium protects preoligodendrocytes against endotoxin-activated microglial NADPH oxidase-generated peroxynitrite in a neonatal rat model of periventricular leukomalacia. Brain Res. 2013 Jan 25;1492:108-21. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.1791 mL | 15.8957 mL | 31.7914 mL | 79.4786 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6358 mL | 3.1791 mL | 6.3583 mL | 15.8957 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3179 mL | 1.5896 mL | 3.1791 mL | 7.9479 mL |
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