AMPK Modulator

Oleuropein Aglycone (3,4-DHPEA-EA) is a secoiridoid that exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects by promoting ERK/AMPK/eNOS phosphorylation and inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK and inflammation-related signaling pathways. Oleuropein Aglycone is used in research on acute kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury, pleurisy, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's disease, neurodegenerative diseases, and triple-negative breast cancer.

Secretoneurin, rat is a 33-amino acid neuropeptide produced by proteolytic processing of chromogranin II, widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and its release is calcium-dependent. Secretoneurin, rat modulates the activities of caspase-3, caspase-1, the NLRP3 inflammasome, IGF-1R, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, FGFR3, AMPK, ERK1/2/MAPK, and Jak2/Stat3 pathways. Secretoneurin, rat regulates neuronal apoptosis, synaptic structure, inflammation, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, dopamine release, and cell migration and proliferation. Secretoneurin, rat is used in studies of global cerebral ischemia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiac hypertrophy.

Ceruloplasmin is a copper-binding ferroxidase and serum copper carrier. Ceruloplasmin promotes FPN1-mediated iron export by catalyzing ferrous iron oxidation, maintains the protein stability of ferroportin, and assists transferrin and lactoferrin in completing iron binding; it regulates HIF, AMPK, PPARα, and PGC1α, exerting antioxidant effects and inhibiting ferroptosis (Ferroptosis). Ceruloplasmin can be used in research on posthemorrhagic anemia, hemolytic anemia, neurodegenerative diseases, NAFLD, metabolic diseases, hereditary aceruloplasminemia, hepatocellular carcinoma, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.

MitoPBN is a AMPK/SIRT3/PGC-1α axis modulator, reactive oxygen species scavenger and mitochondrial function enhancer. MitoPBN increases the phosphorylation level of AMPK, restores SIRT3 expression and reverses the down-regulation of PGC-1α, thereby promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. MitoPBN regulates glucose metabolism, reduces blood glucose by inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis and increasing hepatic glucose uptake, while scavenging mitochondrial superoxide anion/hydrogen peroxide, maintaining membrane potential and increasing ATP production. MitoPBN also reduces cell apoptosis, improves sperm motility, survival rate and membrane integrity, but may induce reductive stress in cryopreserved sperm at high concentrations. MitoPBN is widely applicable to research related to diabetes and type 2 diabetes.

FSVVPSPK is an orally active peptide. FSVVPSPK exerts significant anti-adipogenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo, mainly through activating the HO-1/Nrf2 pathway. FSVVPSPK can be used in research related to obesity and metabolic disorders.

Rhinacanthin C is an orally active naphthoquinone ester and P-gp inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 5.20 μM). Rhinacanthin C exerts effects in ameliorating hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation by inhibiting P-gp, BCRP, OATP1B1/1B3, and multiple CYP enzymes, downregulating lipid synthesis-related factors such as ACC and FAS, and upregulating AMPKα phosphorylation and SIRT1. Rhinacanthin C can be used in research on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, abnormal osteolysis, Alzheimer's disease, and inflammation.

4-PivO-NMT chloride is an indole-derived AMPK signaling pathway modulator that regulates neurogenesis or neurite outgrowth by modulating AMPK activity. 4-PivO-NMT chloride holds promise for research in the fields of neurological disorders, pain, and inflammation.

FBPase-IN-6 (Compound 96) is an orally active FBPase inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 1.769 μM. FBPase-IN-6 modulates AMPK/mTORC1/S6K signaling pathways. FBPase-IN-6 improves glucose tolerance, enhances insulin sensitivity, and promotes insulin secretion in type 2 diabetic mice.