2. Signaling Pathways
  3. NF-κB
  4. Keap1-Nrf2

Keap1-Nrf2

Keap1-Nrf2

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Keap1-Nrf2 is the major regulator of cytoprotective responses to electrophilic chemicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS). Keap1 is an E3 ligase, which induces the degradation of Nrf2 by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Upregulation of Nrf2 inducing by inactivation of Keap1 is often observed in cancer cells. Aberrant activation of Nrf2 in cancer cells accelerates proliferation and metabolism. For this case, Nrf2 is an attractive molecule as a therapeutic target in cancer and a lot number of Nrf2 inhibitors are developed. What’s interesting, Nrf2 induction is also reported to be treatment strategies for accelerating the detoxification of carcinogens and protect the body from chemical carcinogenesis.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N12378
    β-Patchoulene
    		Activator
    β-Patchoulene is an orally active anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic agent. β-Patchoulene inhibits the NF-κB, TLR4, and cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathways; activates the Sirt1/Nrf2 and AMPK signaling pathways; and targets Fas/FasL, Caspase-3, ERK1/2, ROCK1/MLC2 for inhibition. β-Patchoulene regulates cytokine secretion, inflammatory cell infiltration, lipid peroxidation, cell polarization, gut microbiota, and lipid metabolism, restores barrier function, mitochondrial function, and cell viability, and exhibits repellent activity against Spodoptera exigua larvae. β-Patchoulene can be used in research related to various inflammatory, ischemic, fibrosis-associated diseases, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma.
    β-Patchoulene
  • HY-W478741
    Pyrraline
    		Activator 99.61%
    Pyrraline is an Nrf2 pathway activator with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Pyrraline upregulates antioxidant enzymes such as NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) via antioxidant response element (ARE) activation, while inhibiting NFκB-mediated inflammation. Pyrraline is promising for research of metabolic disorders (such as diabetic nephropathy) and cancers.
    Pyrraline
  • HY-N8407R
    Carminic acid (Standard)
    		Activator
    Carminic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carminic acid (HY-N8407). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carminic acid is a widely used and orally active natural red pigment that can be used in industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In addition, carminic acid has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
    Carminic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N0643R
    Carnosol (Standard)
    		Activator
    Carnosol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carnosol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carnosol is a potent Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK2) inhibitor that could be useful for treating gastric cancer, with an IC50 of ~5.5 μM. Carnosol, a Nrf2 activator, increases the nuclear levels of Nrf2 and can promote the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1).
    Carnosol (Standard)
  • HY-170579
    Antioxidant agent-20
    		Activator
    Antioxidant agent-20 (Compound 3d) has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Antioxidant agent-20 reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant agent-20 exhibits photoprotective effect against UVB-irradiated human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) (IC50=5.13 µM) via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and inhibition of NF-κB pathway.
    Antioxidant agent-20
  • HY-149244
    Nrf2 activator-7
    		Activator
    Nrf2 activator-7 (Compound 12b) is a potent Nrf2 activator and significantly activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
    Nrf2 activator-7
  • HY-155572
    Nrf2 activator-8
    		Activator
    Nrf2 activator-8 (compound 10e) is a Nrf2 activator (EC50=37.9 nM). Nrf2 activator-8 exhibits remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in BV-2 microglial cells. Nrf2 activator-8 can significantly restore spatial memory deficits in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation.
    Nrf2 activator-8
  • HY-161992
    Nrf2 activator-11
    		Activator
    Nrf2 activator-11 (compound M11) is a Nrf2 activator with blood-brain permeability. Nrf2 activator-11 has anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-ferroptosis and anti-apoptosis. Nrf2 activator-11 can be used to study cerebral  ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury models.
    Nrf2 activator-11
  • HY-N0660R
    Jujuboside B (Standard)
    		Activator
    Jujuboside B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Jujuboside B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Jujuboside B is a bioactive saponin component isolated from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (sour jujube seed), with oral efficacy and blood-brain barrier permeability. Jujuboside B induces acute leukemia cell death and drives necroptosis apoptosis by activating the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway. Jujuboside B upregulates the expression of NOXA, PARP and caspase-3, activates AMPK, inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells, and induces cell apoptosis and autophagy. Jujuboside B inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth by blocking the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway. Jujuboside B alleviates liver injury in mice by regulating the Nrf2-STING signaling pathway. Jujuboside B alleviates liver injury by regulating anti-inflammatory responses and downregulating the expression of 11β-HSD2. Jujuboside B induces ferroptosis and overcomes radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer via the PPARγ-ATF3-Gpx4 signaling pathway. Jujuboside B exerts inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation. Jujuboside B inhibits febrile seizures by suppressing the activity of AMPA receptors. Jujuboside B reverses chronic unpredictable mild stress-promoted tumor progression by blocking the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways and dephosphorylating CREB signaling. Jujuboside B is applicable to related studies on acute leukemia, breast cancer, PM2.5-induced lung injury, hepatotoxicity, liver injury, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, thromboembolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases associated with high platelet aggregation, febrile seizures, and depressive-like phenotypes.
    Jujuboside B (Standard)
  • HY-173307
    Nrf2 activator 19
    		Activator
    Nrf2 activator 19 is a BBB-penetrable NRF2/HO-1 activator. Nrf2 activator 19 exerts potent antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Nrf2 activator 19 can also effectively reduce brain damage, reduce Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accumulation. Nrf2 activator 19 inhibits neuronal apoptosis. Nrf2 activator 19 promotes the recovery of neurological function and motor ability. Nrf2 activator 19 shows significant potential in ischemic stroke research.
    Nrf2 activator 19
  • HY-N6641R
    Monascin (Standard)
    		Activator
    Monascin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Monascin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Monascin is a kind of azaphilonoid pigments extracted from Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice). Monascin also exhibits anti-tumor-initiating activity and anti-inflammatory activity with oral administration. Monascin inhibits the activation of NOR 1 (an NO donor). Monascin is a Nrf2 activator and PPARγ agonist.
    Monascin (Standard)
  • HY-B0916S
    Propoxur-d3
    		Activator
    Propoxur-d3 is the deuterated form of Propoxur (HY-B0916). Propoxur is a reversible, competitive, orally active AChE inhibitor that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Propoxur inhibits AChE activity to induce neurotoxicity, while promoting MMP-2 expression and enhancing tumor cell migration and invasion by inducing intracellular ROS generation and activating the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. On the one hand, Propoxur inhibits AChE, leading to acetylcholine accumulation and causing neurological dysfunction; on the other hand, it promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation through ROS-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and upregulates MMP-2 and other invasion-related proteins. Propoxur is also a carbamate insecticide used to combat turf, forestry, and household pests.
    Propoxur-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-182818
    SH494
    		Activator
    SH494 is a p38 MAPK inhibitor and Nrf2 pathway activator. SH494 inhibits RANKL-induced phosphorylation of p38 and disrupts the MAPK cascade associated with osteoclastogenesis. SH494 activates the Nrf2 pathway, upregulates downstream target genes and induces the expression of cytoprotective enzymes. SH494 reduces intracellular ROS accumulation and restores mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) to normal. SH494 decreases osteoclast activity and alleviates osteoporosis symptoms in ovariectomized mice. SH494 can be used for research on osteoporosis.
    SH494
  • HY-155784
    SPC-180002
    		Activator
    SPC-180002 is a SIRT1/3 dual inhibitor, with IC50 values of 1.13 and 5.41 μM, respectively. SPC-180002 disturbs redox homeostasis via ROS generation, which leads to an increase in both p21 protein stability and mitochondrial dysfunction. SPC-180002 strongly inhibits cell cycle progression and cancer cell growth. SPC-180002 activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
    SPC-180002
  • HY-183353
    Nrf2 activator-25
    		Activator
    Nrf2 activator-25 is a Nrf2 activator. Nrf2 activator-25 promotes the dissociation of Nrf2 from Keap1 (with a Kd of 21.3 μM for Keap1), drives Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and increases the production of downstream antioxidant enzymes. Nrf2 activator-25 inhibits apoptosis, ferroptosis and vascular fibrosis, and protects vascular endothelial cells from damage. Nrf2 activator-25 can be used in the research of diabetic vascular diseases.
    Nrf2 activator-25
  • HY-151430
    Nrf2/HO-1 activator 1
    		Activator
    Nrf2/HO-1 activator 1 (Compound 24) is a potent Nrf2/HO-1 activator, neuroprotective agent. Nrf2/HO-1 activator 1 shows neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. Nrf2/HO-1 activator 1 can be used in Parkinson's disease (PD) research.
    Nrf2/HO-1 activator 1
  • HY-116202
    PACA
    		Activator
    PACA is an enhancer of nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth, enhancing nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth and attenuating 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. PACA has neuroprotective and neurogenic activities. PACA can be used to improve dopaminergic neuron loss and motor dysfunction in MPTP mouse models of Parkinson's disease and MPP+-induced neurons.
    PACA
  • HY-178875
    Nrf2 activator-22
    		Activator
    Nrf2 activator-22, a Nrf2 activator, is a PROTAC target protein ligand. Nrf2 activator-22 can be used for synthesis PROTAC K-Ras Degrader-7 (HY-178873).
    Nrf2 activator-22
  • HY-N0513R
    Loganic acid (Standard)
    		Activator
    Loganic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Loganic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Loganic acid is an iridoid isolated from cornelian cherry fruits. Loganic acid inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway, activates Nrf2 signaling pathway, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. Loganic acid can modulate diet-induced atherosclerosis and redox status. Loganic acid has strong free radical scavenging activity and remarkable cyto-protective effect against heavy metal mediated toxicity. Loganic acid is orally active.
    Loganic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N18066
    Esculeogenin A
    		Activator
    Esculeogenin A is the sapogenol of tomato saponin Esculeoside A (HY-N18067). Esculeogenin A is an orally active hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant agent. Esculeogenin A regulates molecular targets like PPARα, SREBP1, Nrf2, NF-κB, ACAT1/ACAT2 to promote hepatic fatty acid oxidation, suppress de novo lipogenesis, enhance antioxidant defense, and inhibit inflammation. Esculeogenin A improves liver function, alleviates hyperlipidemia, and inhibits hepatic steatosis and foam cell formation, preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat-diet-fed rats and reducing atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-deficient mice. Esculeogenin A can be used for the research of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia.
    Esculeogenin A
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity