Cat. No.: HY-17389

Genipin

(Synonyms: (+)-Genipin)

22 Cited Publications

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Based on 22 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Genipin ((+)-Genipin) is a natural crosslinking reagent derived from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits. Genipin inhibits UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) in cells. Genipin has a variety of bioactivities, including modulation on proteins, antitumor, anti-inflammation, immunosuppression, antithrombosis, and protection of hippocampal neurons. Genipin also can be used for type 2 diabetes research.

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Pureté: 99.80%
CAS No.: 6902-77-8
Formule: C₁₁H₁₄O₅
Masse moléculaire:226.23

Stockage:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

Genipin Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 6902-77-8

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Activité biologique
- Description
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- Essai clinique
Chemical Information
Publications (22)
Solvant et solubilité
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocole
Pureté et documentation
Références
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Activité biologique

Description

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
Huh-7	IC₅₀	20 μg/mL Compound: 9	Antiviral activity against HCV infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 72 hrs by NS5A staining Antiviral activity against HCV infected in human Huh7 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 72 hrs by NS5A staining	[PMID: 19904996]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	11.14 μM Compound: 8	Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess reaction based method Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess reaction based method	[PMID: 23305920]

In Vitro

Genipin increases mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ATP levels, closed KATP channels, and stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic islet cells. Genipin causes suppression of insulin signal transduction through hyperactivation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and subsequent serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), thus impairing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes^[1].
Genipin activates IRS-1, PI3-K, and downstream signaling pathway and increases concentrations of calcium, resulting in glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation and glucose uptake increase in C2C12 myotubes^[1].
Cytochrome c content increases significantly in the cytosol of Genipin-treated FaO cells. Activation of caspase-3 and caspase-7 is ultimately responsible for Genipin-induced apoptotic process in hepatoma cells. ROS level notably increases in Hep3B cells treated with 200 μM Genipin^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Essai clinique

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 6902-77-8
Appearance Solid
Masse moléculaire 226.23
Formule C₁₁H₁₄O₅
Color Off-white to light brown
SMILES

O=C(C1=CO[C@@H](O)[C@@]2([H])[C@]1([H])CC=C2CO)OC
Synonyms

(+)-Genipin
Structure Classification
- Terpenoids
- Iridoids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
- Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

Publications (22)

All In Vivo Efficacy StudyFlow CytometryWBCell Imaging/StainingHistological Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Bioact Mater

Engineering a stem cell-embedded bilayer hydrogel with biomimetic collagen mineralization for tendon-bone interface healing. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 10:49:207-217. PMID: 40130078
Nat Commun

A gatekeeper sympathetic control of lacrimal tear secretion and dry eye onset through the NA-Adra1a-Ucp2 pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 5;16(1):5215. PMID: 40473608

Genipin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Jun 5;16(1):5215. [Abstract]

Genipin (50 mg/kg, p.o.)-pretreated mice exhibited significantly improved tear secretion and corneal lesions.
Redox Biol

The UCP2/PINK1/LC3b-mediated mitophagy is involved in the protection of NRG1 against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 23:80:103511. PMID: 39874927

Genipin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2025 Jan 23:80:103511. [Abstract]

UCP2 inhibitor Genipin (30 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased expression levels of UCP2, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and PINK1 in the I/R myocardium by western blots.

Genipin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2025 Jan 23:80:103511. [Abstract]

Genipin (30 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased expression levels of UCP2, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and PINK1 in the I/R myocardium by confocal images.

Genipin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2025 Jan 23:80:103511. [Abstract]

The histological features of myocardial I/R injury were significantly mitigated by NRG-1 postconditioning compared with the I/R procedure and Genipin (30 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment.
Mol Med

Dysfunctional glycolysis-UCP2-fatty acid oxidation promotes CTLA4intFOXP3int regulatory T-cell production in rheumatoid arthritis. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 9;31(1):310. PMID: 41068616

Genipin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Med. 2025 Oct 9;31(1):310. [Abstract]

RA-derived CD4⁺ T cells were treated with Genipin (25 μM) on day 3 and ROS levels were measured after 24 h.
Environ Pollut

Perfluorooctane sulfonate continual exposure impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via SIRT1-induced upregulation of UCP2 expression. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 1:278:116840. PMID: 33689947
CNS Neurosci Ther

Rasd1 is involved in white matter injury through neuron-oligodendrocyte communication after subarachnoid hemorrhage. [Abstract]

2024 Mar;30(3):e14452. PMID: 37735980
Eur J Pharmacol

Genipin protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the UCP2-SIRT3 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2019 Feb 15:845:56-64. PMID: 30582911
Mol Neurobiol

Genipin Attenuates Tau Phosphorylation and Aβ Levels in Cellular Models of Alzheimer's Disease. [Abstract]

2021 Aug;58(8):4134-4144. PMID: 33948899
React Funct Polym

2025 Sep.
Molecules

Melatonin Balance the Autophagy and Apoptosis by Regulating UCP2 in the LPS-Induced Cardiomyopathy. [Abstract]

2018 Mar 16;23(3). pii: E675. PMID: 29547569

Genipin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Molecules. 2018 Mar 16;23(3). pii: E675. [Abstract]

Representative image of immunobloting of UCP2 in the cultured AC16 cells under various treatments.
Diabetol Metab Syndr

UCP2 inhibition exaggerates diabetic cardiomyopathy by facilitating the activation of NLRP3 and pyroptosis. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 16;17(1):267. PMID: 40671041
Med Oncol

Genipin inhibits proliferation of gastric cancer cells by inducing ferroptosis: an integrated study of network pharmacology and bioinformatics study. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 4;41(2):46. PMID: 38175425
Int J Adhes Adhes

2025 Sep.
Epigenetics

Genipin normalizes depression-like behavior induced by prenatal stress through inhibiting DNMT1. [Abstract]

2018;13(3):310-317. PMID: 29522357

Genipin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Epigenetics. 2018;13(3):310-317. [Abstract]

Reduced BDNF protein induced by prenatal stress is normalized by the treatment of Genipin.
Hum Cell

Serine protease HtrA2/Omi regulates adaptive mitochondrial reprogramming in the brain cortex after ischemia/reperfusion injury via UCP2-SIRT3-PGC1 axis. [Abstract]

2022 Jan;35(1):63-82. PMID: 34807408
J Oral Maxillofac Surg Med Pathol

2025 Sep 30.
bioRxiv

2025 Sep 21.
bioRxiv

2024 October 09.
bioRxiv

2024 July 16.
Patent

US20230225998A1.
J Renew Mater

2021, 9(1), 1-16.
Universidade de São Paulo

2017-04-17.

Solvant et solubilité

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (442.03 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 4 mg/mL (17.68 mM; Need ultrasonic)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

4.4203 mL

22.1014 mL

44.2028 mL

5 mM

0.8841 mL

4.4203 mL

8.8406 mL

10 mM

0.4420 mL

2.2101 mL

4.4203 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Calculateur de molarité

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Calculateur de dilution

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 9.09 mg/mL (40.18 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocole

Kinase Assay^[3]

Briefly, the peptide substrate N-acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-ρ-nitroanilide (Ac-DEVD-ρNA) is added to the cell lysates in assay buffer (50 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 100 mM NaCl, 0.1% CHAPS, 10 mM dithiothreitol, 1 mM EDTA, 10% glycerol) and incubated at 37°C. The cleavage of the substrate is monitored at 405 nm.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Pureté et documentation

Select Batch:

Pureté: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Fiche technique (282 KB)
SDS (480 KB)
- English - EN (480 KB)
- Français - FR (480 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (480 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (480 KB)
- Español - ES (480 KB)
- Swedish - SV (480 KB)
- Italian - IT (480 KB)
- Korean - KR (480 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (480 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)

Références

[1]. Kim BC, et al. Genipin-induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells is mediated by reactive oxygen species/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase-dependent activation of mitochondrial pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Nov 1;70(9):1398-407. [Content Brief]

[2]. Ma C, et al. Genipin stimulates glucose transport in C2C12 myotubes via IRS-1 and calcium- dependent mechanism. J Endocrinol. 2012 Dec 20. [Content Brief]

[3]. Kim BC, et al. Genipin-induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells is mediated by reactive oxygen species/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase-dependent activation of mitochondrial pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Nov 1;70(9):1398-407.

[4]. Ye D, et al. Genipin normalizes depression-like behavior induced by prenatal stress through inhibiting DNMT1. Epigenetics. 2018 Mar 9:1-22. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	4.4203 mL	22.1014 mL	44.2028 mL	110.5070 mL
	5 mM	0.8841 mL	4.4203 mL	8.8406 mL	22.1014 mL
	10 mM	0.4420 mL	2.2101 mL	4.4203 mL	11.0507 mL
	15 mM	0.2947 mL	1.4734 mL	2.9469 mL	7.3671 mL
DMSO	20 mM	0.2210 mL	1.1051 mL	2.2101 mL	5.5254 mL
	25 mM	0.1768 mL	0.8841 mL	1.7681 mL	4.4203 mL
	30 mM	0.1473 mL	0.7367 mL	1.4734 mL	3.6836 mL
	40 mM	0.1105 mL	0.5525 mL	1.1051 mL	2.7627 mL
	50 mM	0.0884 mL	0.4420 mL	0.8841 mL	2.2101 mL
	60 mM	0.0737 mL	0.3684 mL	0.7367 mL	1.8418 mL
	80 mM	0.0553 mL	0.2763 mL	0.5525 mL	1.3813 mL
	100 mM	0.0442 mL	0.2210 mL	0.4420 mL	1.1051 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Genipin

22 Cited Publications

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Genipin

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Genipin

Activité biologique

Chemical Information

Publications (22)

Solvant et solubilité

Protocole

Pureté et documentation

Références

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Genipin Related Classifications

HY-17389 Related Classifications