Art. -Nr.: HY-D0254

Gallein

(Synonyms: Pyrogallol phthalein)

10 Cited Publications

Kundenbewertung

Based on 10 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Gallein is a Gβγ subunit signaling inhibitor that can interfere with the interaction between Gβγ subunit and PI3Kγ, regulate platelet function, and exhibit anti-tumor activity^[1][3].

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Reinheit: 98.0%
CAS. Nr.: 2103-64-2
Formel: C₂₀H₁₂O₇
Molecular Weight:364.31

Speicherung:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Gallein Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 2103-64-2

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (10)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

Gallein is a Gβγ subunit signaling inhibitor that can interfere with the interaction between Gβγ subunit and PI3Kγ, regulate platelet function, and exhibit anti-tumor activity^[1][3].

IC₅₀ & Target

Gβγ subunit

Alle PI3K Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen :

In Vitro

Gallein (10  μM, 0-150 h) inhibits β-ionone induced cell invasion in LNCaP prostate cancer cells^[1].
Gallein (30 μM, 1 h) increases osteoprotegerin (OPG) synthesis induced by fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) in osteoblasts^[2].
Gallein (25-50 μM, 24 h) inhibits platelet aggregation, secretion, and diffusion functions^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Invasion Assay^[1].

Cell Line:

LNCaP cell
Concentration:

10  μM
Incubation Time:

0-150 h
Result:

Inhibited LNCaP cell invasion

Real Time qPCR^[2].

Cell Line:

Osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cell
Concentration:

30  μM
Incubation Time:

1 h
Result:

Enhanced the FGF-2-induced OPG/Tnfrsf11b mRNA expression

Western Blot Analysis^[3].

Cell Line:

Platelet
Concentration:

25-50  μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Reduced phosphorylation of Akt

In Vivo

Gallein (5 mg/kg, 15 days, i.p.) inhibits tumor cell proliferation in male NSG mice^[1].
Gallein (20 mg/kg, b.i.d, i.v.) regulates hemostasis and prevents arterial thrombosis in C57BL/6 mice^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Castrated male NSG mice^[1].
Dosage:

5 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.); 15 days
Result:

Reduced the number of metastasised tissues

Animal Model:

C57BL/6 mice^[3].
Dosage:

20 mg/kg
Administration:

Intravenous injection (i.v.); twice per day; 3 days
Result:

Extended tail bleeding time

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 2103-64-2
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 364.31
Formel C₂₀H₁₂O₇
Color Dark purple to black
SMILES

O=C1OC2(C3=C(OC4=C2C=CC(O)=C4O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3)C5=C1C=CC=C5
Synonyms

Pyrogallol phthalein
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Speicherung

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Publications (10)

All WBIn Vivo Efficacy Study

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Journal Impact Factor

Nature

OR7A10 GPCR engineering boosts CAR-NK therapy against solid tumours. [Abstract]

2026 Apr;652(8110):740-751. PMID: 41741641
Nat Metab

Activation of GPR81 by lactate drives tumour-induced cachexia. [Abstract]

2024 Apr;6(4):708-723. PMID: 38499763

Gallein purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2024 Apr;6(4):708-723. [Abstract]

Statistic result showing that in the SVF-derived adipocytes, treatment with inhibitor for Gαi (PTX) or Gβγ (Gallein, 10 μM, pretreated with 4 h) abolished the lactate-induced activation of ATF2.

Gallein purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2024 Apr;6(4):708-723. [Abstract]

Representative western blots and statistical results showing that the lactate-induced activation of p38-ATF2 and upregulation of UCP1 were blocked by inhibitor for Gαi (PTX) or Gβγ (Gallein, 10 μM, pretreated with 4 h).

Gallein purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2024 Apr;6(4):708-723. [Abstract]

Injection of inhibitor for p38 (SB203580), ROCK1 (Y-27632) or Gβγ (Gallein, 10 μM, pretreated with 4 h) into the inguinal fat pads in the tumour-bearing mice alleviated tumour-induced losses of body weight .

Gallein purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Metab. 2024 Apr;6(4):708-723. [Abstract]

Injection of inhibitor for p38 (SB203580), ROCK1 (Y-27632) or Gβγ (Gallein, 10 μM, pretreated with 4 h) into the inguinal fat pads in the tumour-bearing mice alleviated tumour-induced losses of tissue weights.
Cell Death Dis

Activation of AKT via a dual mechanism enhances the susceptibility of melanoma cells to glucose deprivation. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 7;16(1):595. PMID: 40774947
Pharmacol Res

G protein coupled receptor 41 regulates fibroblast activation in pulmonary fibrosis via Gαi/o and downstream Smad2/3 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. [Abstract]

2023 May:191:106754. PMID: 37019194
J Pineal Res

Melatonin alters the excitability of mouse cerebellar granule neurons by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium, potassium, and calcium channels. [Abstract]

2024 Jan;76(1):e12919. PMID: 37794846
Front Immunol

Fpr2/CXCL1/2 Controls Rapid Neutrophil Infiltration to Inhibit Streptococcus agalactiae Infection. [Abstract]

2021 Nov 24;12:786602. PMID: 34899755
J Agric Food Chem

Preventive Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester, an Active Component of Propolis, against TNF-α-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction through the β2-Adrenoceptor-Mediated eNOS/NO Signal Pathway. [Abstract]

2026 Apr 22;74(15):12132-12144. PMID: 41957988
J Bone Miner Res

Gαi1/3 Regulates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling to Promote Osteogenesis and Bone Formation. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 22:zjaf143. PMID: 41273070
Water Biol Secur

2025 Sep 18.

Gallein purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Water Biol Secur. 2025 Sep 18.

The percentage of mandarin fish ingesting live fish fry after 2-h immersion in the Gβγ signaling inhibitor Gallein (0.01, 0.1, and 1 μmol/L) across treatment groups.
Arch Biochem Biophys

The odorant (R)-(-)-carvone promotes glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via the olfactory receptor Olfr1259 in pancreatic β-TC6 cells. [Abstract]

2025 Mar 27:768:110404. PMID: 40157529

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (91.49 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 80°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.7449 mL

13.7246 mL

27.4492 mL

5 mM

0.5490 mL

2.7449 mL

5.4898 mL

10 mM

0.2745 mL

1.3725 mL

2.7449 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (284 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Sanz G, et al, Gallein, a Gβγ subunit signalling inhibitor, inhibits metastatic spread of tumour cells expressing OR51E2 and exposed to its odorant ligand. BMC Res Notes. 2017 Oct 30;10(1):541.

[2]. Kuroyanagi G, Hioki T, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Kozawa O, Tokuda H. Gallein increases the fibroblast growth factor 2-elicited osteoprotegerin synthesis in osteoblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2024 Aug;1868(8):130635. [Content Brief]

[3]. Alarabi AB, et al. The G-protein βγ subunits regulate platelet function. Life Sci. 2020 Dec 1;262:118481. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	2.7449 mL	13.7246 mL	27.4492 mL	68.6229 mL
	5 mM	0.5490 mL	2.7449 mL	5.4898 mL	13.7246 mL
	10 mM	0.2745 mL	1.3725 mL	2.7449 mL	6.8623 mL
	15 mM	0.1830 mL	0.9150 mL	1.8299 mL	4.5749 mL
	20 mM	0.1372 mL	0.6862 mL	1.3725 mL	3.4311 mL
	25 mM	0.1098 mL	0.5490 mL	1.0980 mL	2.7449 mL
	30 mM	0.0915 mL	0.4575 mL	0.9150 mL	2.2874 mL
	40 mM	0.0686 mL	0.3431 mL	0.6862 mL	1.7156 mL
	50 mM	0.0549 mL	0.2745 mL	0.5490 mL	1.3725 mL
	60 mM	0.0457 mL	0.2287 mL	0.4575 mL	1.1437 mL
	80 mM	0.0343 mL	0.1716 mL	0.3431 mL	0.8578 mL

Keywords

Gallein

10 Cited Publications

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Gallein

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Gallein

Alle PI3K Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (10)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Gallein

PI3K/Akt/mTOR Compound Library

Stem Cell Signaling Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

Autophagy Compound Library

Anti-Aging Compound Library

Oxygen Sensing Compound Library

Glycolysis Compound Library

Cytoskeleton Compound Library

Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Metabolism Compound Library

Angiogenesis-Related Compound Library

Glucose Metabolism Compound Library

Human Metabolite Library

Coagulation and Anti-coagulation Compound Library

Pain-Related Compound Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

Bioactive Compound Library

Cell Proliferation Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

RNA Binding Bioactive Compound Library

Lactylation Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Gallein

Alle PI3K Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (10)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Gallein Related Classifications

HY-D0254 Related Classifications