Cat. No.: HY-10590

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TWS119

34 Cited Publications

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Based on 34 publication(s) in Google Scholar

TWS119 is an inhibitor of GSK-3β, with an IC₅₀ of 30 nM, and activates the wnt/β-catenin pathway.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.89%
CAS No.: 601514-19-6
Formula: C₁₈H₁₄N₄O₂
Molecular Weight:318.33

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

TWS119 Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 601514-19-6

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (34)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

TWS119 is an inhibitor of GSK-3β, with an IC₅₀ of 30 nM, and activates the wnt/β-catenin pathway.

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

GSK-3β

30 nM (IC₅₀)

All Wnt Isoforms :

All GSK-3 Isoforms :

In Vitro

TWS119 induces neuronal differentiation in P19 EC cells and primary mouse ESCs. TWS119 (< 4 μM) significantly enhances the proliferation and survival of γδT cells via activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, upregulation of the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and inhibition of cleaved caspase-3. TWS119 (0-8 μM) induces the generation of CD62L⁺γδT or CCR5⁺γδT cell phenotypes. TWS119 (0.5, 1.0 and 2 μM) increases the expression level of granzyme B in a dose-dependent manner. TWS119 also enhances the cytolytic activity of γδT cells against tumour cells in vitro^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

TWS119 (30 mg/kg, i.p.) improves the neurologic function and decreases neurologic deficit dcore in rtPA-treated MCAO rats. TWS119 effectively relieves cerebral edema, and reduces cerebral infarction in rats treated with rtPA. TWS119 also effectively decreases blood-brain barrier permeability in rtPA-Treated MCAO Rats and attenuates rtPA-induced hemorrhage in ischemic brain tissue. Futhermore, TWS119 activates the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway and increases the expression of Claudin-3 and ZO-1^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 601514-19-6
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 318.33
Formula C₁₈H₁₄N₄O₂
Color Off-white to yellow
SMILES

OC1=CC=CC(OC2=C3C(NC(C4=CC=CC(N)=C4)=C3)=NC=N2)=C1
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (34)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayWB

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Commun

F-box protein FBXO32 ubiquitinates and stabilizes D-type cyclins to drive cancer progression. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 30;16(1):4060. PMID: 40307251
Sci Adv

CHI3L1 signaling impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation. [Abstract]

2023 Sep 29;9(39):eadg8148. PMID: 37756391
Research (Wash D C)

Single-Cell Profiling Identifies Reward Behavior-Related Neurons and Alterations in the Ventral Tegmental Area Based on Arvcf-Knockout Mouse Model. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 10:8:1030. PMID: 41395251
Cell Death Dis

Atypical cadherin CELSR2 acts as a therapeutic target for glioma through WNT3A/β-catenin signaling. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 3;16(1):786. PMID: 41184253
Environ Sci Technol

Phosphorus Overload Promotes Hepatic Lipolysis by Suppressing GSK3β-Dependent Phosphorylation of PPARα at Ser84 and Thr265 in a Freshwater Teleost. [Abstract]

2023 Feb 14;57(6):2351-2361. PMID: 36728683
Cancer Lett

Her4 promotes cancer metabolic reprogramming via the c-Myc-dependent signaling axis. [Abstract]

2020 Oct 7;496:57-71. PMID: 33038488
Cell Commun Signal

Concomitant targeting of FLT3 and SPHK1 exerts synergistic cytotoxicity in FLT3-ITD+ acute myeloid leukemia by inhibiting β-catenin activity via the PP2A-GSK3β axis. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 7;22(1):391. PMID: 39113090
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes

Endogenous Coriobacteriaceae enriched by a high-fat diet promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through the CPT1A-ERK axis. [Abstract]

2024 Jan 20;10(1):5. PMID: 38245554

TWS119 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2024 Jan 20;10(1):5. [Abstract]

Percentage cell proliferation of CT26 cells treated with MEK inhibitor U0126-EtOH (HY-12031; 25 µM), JNK inhibitor SP600125 (HY-12041; 25 µM), P38/MAPK inhibitor SB202190 (HY-10295; 20 µM), GSK3β inhibitor TWS119 (HY-10590; 20 µM), or AR-A014418 (HY-10512; 20 µM), and vehicle or Cori.ST1911. Cell OD was measured using the CCK8 method and normalised to cell proliferation of the control. Inhibitor treatment started 4 h before Cori.ST1911 treatment. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 3 independent tests), analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni’s post-hoc test. n.s., no significance.
Mol Ther Oncol

Epstein-Barr virus mRNA vaccine synergizes with NK cells to enhance nasopharyngeal carcinoma eradication in humanized mice. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 24;33(2):200986. PMID: 40458686
Cell Rep

Astrocyte-derived CHI3L1 signaling impairs neurogenesis and cognition in the demyelinated hippocampus. [Abstract]

2024 May 10;43(5):114226. PMID: 38733586
Cancer Cell Int

Construction of a prognostic model with histone modification-related genes and identification of potential drugs in pancreatic cancer. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 5;21(1):291. PMID: 34090418
J Agric Food Chem

Enantioselective Neurotoxicity of Pydiflumetofen in Zebrafish Embryos: R-Enantiomer Disrupts Neurodevelopment via Suppression of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. [Abstract]

2026 Jul 8;74(26):20662-20673. PMID: 42345402
Biochem Pharmacol

Serinc2 deficiency exacerbates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing necroptosis and apoptosis. [Abstract]

2023 Dec:218:115903. PMID: 37918695
Life Sci

XQ-1H alleviates cerebral ischemia in mice through inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of neurogenesis in a Wnt/β-catenin signaling dependent way. [Abstract]

2019 Oct 15;235:116844. PMID: 31499069
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol

cGMP-dependent protein kinase II determines β-catenin accumulation that is essential for uterine decidualization in mice. [Abstract]

2019 Dec 1;317(6):C1115-C1127. PMID: 31509448
J Lipid Res

CXCL12 promotes atherosclerosis by downregulating ABCA1 expression via the CXCR4/GSK3β/β-cateninT120/TCF21 pathway. [Abstract]

2019 Dec;60(12):2020-2033. PMID: 31662443
Prog Neurobiol

Astrocyte-secreted C3 signaling impairs neuronal development and cognition in autoimmune diseases. [Abstract]

2024 Jun 28:102654. PMID: 38945516
FASEB J

GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway plays crucial roles in the regulation of NK cell cytotoxicity against myeloma cells. [Abstract]

2023 Mar;37(3):e22821. PMID: 36794671

TWS119 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: FASEB J. 2023 Mar;37(3):e22821. [Abstract]

TWS119 substantially increases NF-κB phosphorylation in NK-92 cells.
Aquacul Rep

2021, 100774.
Pathol Res Pract

MicroRNA-139-5p suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression by targeting ATAD2. [Abstract]

2023 Sep:249:154719. PMID: 37595446
J Dent Sci

MiR-34a functions as a tumor suppressor in oral cancer through the inhibition of the Axl/Akt/GSK-3β pathway. [Abstract]

2024 Jan;19(1):428-437. PMID: 38303867
Front Mar Sci

2021 Jul.
SLAS Discov

Development of a live cell assay for real-time monitoring the interactions between the Hippo pathway components 14-3-3 and TAZ. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 5;29(8):100191. PMID: 39510350
Neuroscience

Lithium Posttreatment Alleviates Blood-Brain Barrier Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats. [Abstract]

2018 Jul 15:383:129-137. PMID: 29775701
Curr Eye Res

Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Promote the Proliferation of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells by Regulating Telomerase Activity via the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway. [Abstract]

2021 Feb;46(2):159-167. PMID: 32631162
bioRxiv

2026 May 22.
Sci Total Environ

Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway attenuates the acute toxic effects of copper exposure in Penaeus vannamei. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 18:1012:181191. PMID: 41418521
Patent

US20240325538A1.
Patent

US20240238271A1.
Research Square Preprint

2024 Jan 31.
Patent

US20230226111A1.
Oxid Med Cell Longev

A Green and Blue Monochromatic Light Combination Therapy Reduces Oxidative Stress and Enhances B-Lymphocyte Proliferation through Promoting Melatonin Secretion. [Abstract]

2021 Mar 19:2021:5595376. PMID: 33828639
Research Square Preprint

2020 Dec.
Patent

US20180263995A1.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (157.07 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.1414 mL

15.7070 mL

31.4139 mL

5 mM

0.6283 mL

3.1414 mL

6.2828 mL

10 mM

0.3141 mL

1.5707 mL

3.1414 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.85 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.85 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocol

Cell Assay^[3]

PBMCs are cultured with pamidronate disodium for 8 days and then cells are labelled with or without 1.5 μM carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) and CFSE-labelled cells are then seeded in 6-well plates (2.5 × 10⁶ cells/well) followed by treatment with various concentrations of TWS119 for 72 h. The total number of cultured cells is evaluated using an automated cell counter and the γδT cell proliferation is examined by flow cytometry^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration^[2]

All rats are randomly divided into four groups as follows: Sham group-rats undego the same surgical procedure, but the filament is not inserted and they receive 1 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (1 % DMSO in saline); Vehicle group-rats undergo MCAO and receive 1 mL of DMSO; rtPA group-rats underwent MCAO and receive rtPA (10 mg/kg, Actilyse®) at 4 h after MCAO; and rtPA+TWS119 group-rats undergo MCAO and receive intraperitoneal TWS119 (30 mg/kg, dissolved in 1 mL 1 % DMSO) immediately after rtPA injection at 4 h after MCAO^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Wang W, et al. GSK-3β inhibitor TWS119 attenuates rtPA-induced hemorrhagic transformation and activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway after acute ischemic stroke in rats. Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Dec;53(10):7028-7036. Epub 2015 Dec 15. [Content Brief]

[2]. Chen YQ, et al. Wnt pathway activator TWS119 enhances the proliferation and cytolytic activity of human γδT cells against colon cancer. Exp Cell Res. 2017 Nov 16. pii: S0014-4827(17)30587-6. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.1414 mL	15.7070 mL	31.4139 mL	78.5349 mL
	5 mM	0.6283 mL	3.1414 mL	6.2828 mL	15.7070 mL
	10 mM	0.3141 mL	1.5707 mL	3.1414 mL	7.8535 mL
	15 mM	0.2094 mL	1.0471 mL	2.0943 mL	5.2357 mL
	20 mM	0.1571 mL	0.7853 mL	1.5707 mL	3.9267 mL
	25 mM	0.1257 mL	0.6283 mL	1.2566 mL	3.1414 mL
	30 mM	0.1047 mL	0.5236 mL	1.0471 mL	2.6178 mL
	40 mM	0.0785 mL	0.3927 mL	0.7853 mL	1.9634 mL
	50 mM	0.0628 mL	0.3141 mL	0.6283 mL	1.5707 mL
	60 mM	0.0524 mL	0.2618 mL	0.5236 mL	1.3089 mL
	80 mM	0.0393 mL	0.1963 mL	0.3927 mL	0.9817 mL
	100 mM	0.0314 mL	0.1571 mL	0.3141 mL	0.7853 mL

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TWS119

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Human Metabolite Library

Anti-Pulmonary Fibrosis Compound Library

Osteogenesis Compound Library

Cancer Stem Cells Compound Library

Heterocyclic Compound Library

Metabolic Enzyme Compound Library

Highly Selective Inhibitors Library

Highly Selective Activators Library

Cell Death Library

Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor Library

Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Compound Library

Multi-Target Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

Anti-Aging Compound Library Mini

Kinase Inhibitor Library Mini

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library

Anti-Brain Cancer Compound Library

Protein Kinase Compound Library

Cell Proliferation Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Mass Spectrometry Human Metabolite Library

Posttranslational Modification Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) TWS119

All Wnt Isoforms

All GSK-3 Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (34)

Solvent & Solubility

Protocol

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

TWS119 Related Classifications

HY-10590 Related Classifications