HIV
HIV-1 is an RNA retrovirus that infects immune cells through the envelope glycoprotein Env, whose mature gp120/gp41 trimer mediates viral entry into host cells[1]. Mechanistically, gp120 binds CD4 and then the chemokine coreceptors CCR5 or CXCR4, while gp41 refolding brings viral and cellular membranes together for fusion[2][3]. After entry, viral replication depends on reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase, making these enzymes core targets for antiretroviral research[4][5]. In disease relevance, untreated HIV replication causes progressive CD4+ T-cell loss and immunological abnormalities, increasing infectious and oncological complications[6]. Compared with related forms, HIV-1 remains the main focus because it is described as the most virulent and pathogenic subtype in diagnostic and treatment literature[7]. For experimental applications, entry inhibitors target gp120, gp41, CCR5, or CXCR4, while enzyme inhibitors target reverse transcriptase, protease, or integrase to suppress distinct stages of the HIV life cycle[4][8].
References:
- [1]. Anang S, et al. Characterization of full-length and cytoplasmic tail-truncated envelope glycoproteins incorporated into human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) virions and virus-like particles. J Virol. 2025 Dec 23;99(12):e0158525. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Teixeira C, et al. Viral surface glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, as potential drug targets against HIV-1: brief overview one quarter of a century past the approval of zidovudine, the first anti-retroviral drug. Eur J Med Chem. 2011 Apr;46(4):979-92. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Princen K, et al. HIV chemokine receptor inhibitors as novel anti-HIV drugs. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Dec;16(6):659-77. [Content Brief]
- [4]. De Clercq E. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. doi: 10.1517/14728214.10.2.241. PMID: 15934866. et al. Emerging anti-HIV drugs. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 May;10(2):241-73. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Palmisano L. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. doi: 10.1586/14787210.5.1.67. PMID: 17266455. et al. Role of integrase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Feb;5(1):67-75. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Deeks SG, et al. HIV infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Oct 1;1:15035. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Zulfiqar HF, et al. HIV Diagnosis and Treatment through Advanced Technologies. Front Public Health. 2017 Mar 7;5:32. [Content Brief]
- [8]. Greenberg M, et al. HIV fusion and its inhibition in antiretroviral therapy. Rev Med Virol. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):321-37. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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HIV Related Products (903)
Related Products (903)
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ST7612AA1
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-12926CAS No.: 1428535-92-5ST7612AA1 is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that controls chromatin condensation and DNA transcription by removing acetyl groups from histones. ST7612AA1 is also a potent HIV reactivation inducer, and its reactivation activity is exerted without activating or proliferating CD4+T cells, and can be used in the study of HIV reactivation strategies and elimination of viral reservoirs.
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Circulin B
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-182588CAS No.: 20905-50-4Circulin B is a macrocyclic plant cyclopeptide. Circulin B functions as a plant defense peptide and exhibits antibacterial and anti-HIV activities. Circulin B has high binding affinity for the envelope protein of dengue virus, showing potential anti-dengue virus activity. Circulin B can be used in studies related to dengue virus infection, human immunodeficiency virus infection and microbial infection.
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Ditiocarb sodium (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Standard)Ditiocarb sodium (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ditiocarb sodium. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ditiocarb sodium (Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate) is a copper reagent. The reaction with Cu2+ solution resulted in the formation of a complex, which increased the copper displacement precipitation rate. Ditiocarb sodium can reduce HIV infection and can be used in adjuvant immune research of high-risk breast cancer.
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Myramistin (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-103658RCAS No.: 15809-19-5Synonyms: Miramistin (Standard)Myramistin (Miramistin) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Myramistin (HY-103658). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Myramistin is a cationic surfactant and disinfectant preservative. Myramistin exhibits high bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, shows lower activity against yeasts and fungi, and is active against HIV, measles virus, mumps virus, as well as influenza viruses of the H3N2 and H5N1 subtypes. Myramistin adsorbs to the negatively charged microbial cell membrane, leading to increased membrane permeability and disruption of membrane integrity, which ultimately results in leakage of intracellular contents, enzyme inactivation, and the death of bacteria/fungi/enveloped viruses.
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BMS 186318
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-120616CAS No.: 161302-40-5BMS 186318 is an HIV protease inhibitor. BMS 186318 exhibits better anti-HIV efficacy when used in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as Stavudine (HY-B0116) and other protease inhibitors such as Saquinavir (HY-17007). BMS 186318 can be used in antiviral research.
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Salicylanilide (Standard)
0 ImagesSalicylanilide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Salicylanilide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Salicylanilide demonstrates a wide range of biological activities including antiviral potency which can inhibit HIV virus by targeting HIV-1 integrase or reverse transcriptase.
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HIV-1-IN-93
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-183157CAS No.: 2366269-07-8
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Docosyl trans-ferulate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-W707365CAS No.: 101927-24-6
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I-XW-053 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-103078RCAS No.: 5496-35-5I-XW-053 (Standard) is the analytical standard of I-XW-053 (HY-103078). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. I-XW-053 is a specific anti-HIV-1 capsid inhibitor (IC50=164.2 μM). By binding to the CA NTD-NTD hexamerization interface and the R173 region of CTD (Kd=66.3 μM), I-XW-053 disrupts capsid function and reduces polymerization levels. I-XW-053 effectively blocks HIV-1 uncoating, inhibits reverse transcription and early replication, and exhibits broad-spectrum activity against primary HIV-1 isolates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. I-XW-053 can be widely used in studies related to HIV-1 infection.
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NPD4456
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-124777CAS No.: 859668-98-7
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Phellopterin (Standard)
0 ImagesPhellopterin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phellopterin. Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus.
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Thiamine disulfide (Standard)
0 ImagesThiamine disulfide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thiamine disulfide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Thiamine disulfide, a vitamin B1 derivative, is an oxidized dimer of Thiamine. Thiamine disulfide is a potent HIV-1 inhibitor. Thiamine disulfide significantly depresses HIV-1 transactivator (Tat) activity.
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R-95845
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-187616CAS No.: 163435-77-6R-95845 is a non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor. R-95845 is specific to HIV-1 RT and acts as a functionally non-competitive inhibitor with respect to nucleotide incorporation. R-95845 binds to the non-nucleoside inhibitor binding pocket of HIV-1 RT in a butterfly-like conformation, forms hydrogen bonds with Tyr 188 and Val 189, and engages in hydrophobic interactions with surrounding residues. R-95845 can be used in studies related to HIV-1 infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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HIV-1 inhibitor-75
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-169064HIV-1 inhibitor-75 is a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) inhibitor, with an EC50 value ranging from 0.0039 to 0.338 μM. The binding target of HIV-1 inhibitor-75 is reverse transcriptase, with an IC50 value of 0.055 μM. HIV-1 inhibitor-75 shows good in vitro metabolic stability, exhibiting moderate clearance rates and a longer half-life in human plasma and liver microsomes.
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Vesatolimod (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-15601RCAS No.: 1228585-88-3Synonyms: GS-9620 (Standard)Vesatolimod (Standard) is the analytical standard of Vesatolimod. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Vesatolimod (GS-9620) is a potent, selective and orally active agonist of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR7) with an EC50 of 291 nM.
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Flavopiridol (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: HMR-1275 (Standard); Alvocidib (Standard); L86-8275 (Standard)Flavopiridol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Flavopiridol (HY-10005). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) is a broad spectrum and competitive inhibitor of CDKs, inhibiting CDK1, CDK2, CDK4 with IC50s of 30, 170, 100 nM, respectively.
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Darunavir (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: TMC114 (Standard); UIC-94017 (Standard)Darunavir (Standard) is the analytical standard of Darunavir. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Darunavir (TMC114), an orally active next generation HIV protease inhibitor, has a similar antiviral activity against the mutant and the wild-type viruses. Darunavir (TMC114) is potent against laboratory HIV-1 strains and primary clinical isolates (IC50 = 0.003 μM; IC90 = 0.009 μM) with minimal cytotoxicity.
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BIT-225 (Standard)
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-106282RCAS No.: 917909-71-8BIT-225 (Standard) is the analytical standard of BIT-225 (HY-106282). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. BIT-225 is an inhibitor for Vpu protein through block of Vpu ion channel, and thus inhibits the release of HIV-1, especially in monocyte-derived macrophages (EC50 is 2.25 μM), without significant cytotoxicity (TC50 is 284 μM).
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ZK-316
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-173427SCAS No.: 3027894-30-7ZK-316 is a potent and broad-spectrum NNRTI inhibitor with an EC50s ranging from 0.99 to 75.1 nM. ZK-316 can be used in the study of HIV.
