Art. -Nr.: HY-B0608

Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water)

13 Cited Publications

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Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis).

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Reinheit: 98.88%
CAS. Nr.: 18472-51-0
Formel: C₃₄H₅₄Cl₂N₁₀O₁₄
Molecular Weight:897.76

Speicherung:

Solution, -20°C, 2 years

Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 18472-51-0

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Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (13)
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Calculators
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

Alle Antibiotic Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen :

In Vitro

1. Cell death assay:
Chlorhexidine digluconate (0.000125%-0.016%; 24 h) induces cell death in L929 fibroblasts, inducing a pattern of cell necrosis and/or apoptosis, as well as cell stress. Furthermore, Chlorhexidine digluconate induces apoptosis at lower concentrations and necrosis at higher concentrations, and increases the expression of heat shock protein 70 (a marker of cell stress). Chlorhexidine digluconate may have an adverse effect on the resolution of apical periodontitis^[1].
2. Cell viability experiment:
Chlorhexidine digluconate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) causes the death of canine embryonic fibroblasts with concentration of ≥0.013%, while allows the cells to survive with concentration of ≤0.006%^[2].
3. Bacterial survival experiment:
Chlorhexidine digluconate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) has a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, and kills Staphylococcus aureus with concentration of ≥0.05%, while allows the bacteria to survive with concentration of ≤0.03%^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Cytotoxicity Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

Chinese hamster ovary cells
Concentration:

0.00001%, 0.00005%, 0.0001%, 0.0005%
Incubation Time:

1, 2, 4 h
Result:

Demonstrated a cytotoxic effect on CHO cells.

Apoptosis Analysis^[2]

Cell Line:

Chinese hamster ovary cells
Concentration:

0.00005%, 0.0001%, 0.0005%
Incubation Time:

1 h
Result:

After a 1 hour treatment, the amount of cell apoptosis was about 1.62%, 5.51%, and 5.47%, respectively.
The amount of cell necrosis was 2.38%, 8.62%, and 22.50%, respectively.

In Vivo

1. Paw injection toxicity test:
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1.0%; subcutaneous injection; single dose) digluconate causes toxic effects in the plantar space of the hind paw of Balb/c mice. Concentrations ≥0.5% induces coagulative necrosis of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues and neutrophil-dominated inflammatory responses, while concentrations ≤0.25% induces moderate inflammation and interstitial edema^[1].
2. Lung inhalation toxicity test:
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1%; intratracheal instillation; single dose; 8-week observation) digluconate causes collagen fiber deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue in the C57BL/6J mouse model, leading to restrictive ventilation dysfunction. Transcriptome analysis shows that genes related to extracellular matrix deposition and mucus secretion (such as Muc5b and Muc5ac) are upregulated^[3].
3. Genetic toxicity test:
0.12% Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.5 mL; oral, twice a day for 8 days) causes DNA damage in peripheral blood and oral mucosal cells of rats, without causing chromosome breakage or loss in erythrocytes^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Male Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice at 6 to 8-wk-old (body weight, 25g)^[1]
Dosage:

Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.05% and 0.025%
Administration:

One-time intraperitoneal injection
Result:

With 0.05% lavage had significantly lower incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal abscesses compared with the mice that had saline lavage only.

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 18472-51-0
Appearance Liquid
Molecular Weight 897.76
Formel C₃₄H₅₄Cl₂N₁₀O₁₄
Color Colorless to light yellow
SMILES

N=C(NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)=N)=N)=N)NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2.O[C@H]([C@@H](O)C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.O[C@H]([C@@H](O)C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Speicherung

Solution, -20°C, 2 years

Publications (13)

All WB

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Journal Impact Factor

Nat Commun

The folate cycle enzyme MTHFD2 induces cancer immune evasion through PD-L1 up-regulation. [Abstract]

2021 Mar 29;12(1):1940. PMID: 33782411
Cell Death Dis

HJURP regulates cell proliferation and chemo-resistance via YAP1/NDRG1 transcriptional axis in triple-negative breast cancer. [Abstract]

2022 Apr 22;13(4):396. PMID: 35459269
Antioxidants (Basel)

Pitavastatin Calcium Confers Fungicidal Properties to Fluconazole by Inhibiting Ubiquinone Biosynthesis and Generating Reactive Oxygen Species. [Abstract]

2024 May 29;13(6):667. PMID: 38929106
Dent Mater

Triple-modified PEEK surface via plasma treatment, polydopamine coating and chlorhexidine: Assessment of biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 17:S0109-5641(25)00607-4. PMID: 40251086
Cell Oncol (Dordr)

UBE2Q2 promotes tumor progression and glycolysis of hepatocellular carcinoma through NF-κB/HIF1α signal pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jun;48(3):637-654. PMID: 39833608
Mol Oncol

Loss of RDM1 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma progression via p53 and Ras/Raf/ERK pathways. [Abstract]

2020 Feb;14(2):373-386. PMID: 31670863
Front Cell Dev Biol

SYVN1-MTR4-MAT2A Signaling Axis Regulates Methionine Metabolism in Glioma Cells. [Abstract]

2021 Mar 30:9:633259. PMID: 33859984
Transl Oncol

20-hydroxyecdysone suppresses bladder cancer progression via inhibiting USP21: A mechanism associated with deubiquitination and degradation of p65. [Abstract]

2024 Jul:45:101958. PMID: 38663220
J Funct Foods

2024 Jun.
Cell Signal

pVHL promotes lysosomal degradation of YAP in lung adenocarcinoma. [Abstract]

2021 Jul:83:110002. PMID: 33823241
Genes (Basel)

Autosomal Recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Three Novel REEP6 Variants in Chinese Population. [Abstract]

2021 Apr 7;12(4):537. PMID: 33917198
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Mechanisms of NMDA receptor inhibition by chlorhexidine and alexidine. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 17:796:153158. PMID: 41418346
bioRxiv

2024 Nov 06.

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (111.39 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Faria G, et al. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod. 2007 Jun;33(6):715-22. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sanchez IR, et al. Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Surg. 1988;17(4):182-185. [Content Brief]

[3]. Zhang J, et al. Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice. Toxics. 2023 Nov 7;11(11):910. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ribeiro DA, et al. Chlorhexidine induces DNA damage in rat peripheral leukocytes and oral mucosal cells. J Periodontal Res. 2004 Oct;39(5):358-61. [Content Brief]

Calculators

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	1.1139 mL	5.5694 mL	11.1388 mL	27.8471 mL
	5 mM	0.2228 mL	1.1139 mL	2.2278 mL	5.5694 mL
	10 mM	0.1114 mL	0.5569 mL	1.1139 mL	2.7847 mL
	15 mM	0.0743 mL	0.3713 mL	0.7426 mL	1.8565 mL
	20 mM	0.0557 mL	0.2785 mL	0.5569 mL	1.3924 mL
	25 mM	0.0446 mL	0.2228 mL	0.4456 mL	1.1139 mL
	30 mM	0.0371 mL	0.1856 mL	0.3713 mL	0.9282 mL
	40 mM	0.0278 mL	0.1392 mL	0.2785 mL	0.6962 mL
	50 mM	0.0223 mL	0.1114 mL	0.2228 mL	0.5569 mL
	60 mM	0.0186 mL	0.0928 mL	0.1856 mL	0.4641 mL
	80 mM	0.0139 mL	0.0696 mL	0.1392 mL	0.3481 mL
	100 mM	0.0111 mL	0.0557 mL	0.1114 mL	0.2785 mL

Keywords

Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water)

13 Cited Publications

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Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water)

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water)

Alle Antibiotic Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen

Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Publications (13)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Calculators

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) Related Classifications

HY-B0608 Related Classifications