2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease MAPK/ERK Pathway
  3. Endogenous Metabolite JNK p38 MAPK
  4. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium

p-Cresyl sulfate potassium  (Synonyms: p-Tolyl sulfate potassium)

Cat. No.: HY-111431A Purity: 99.95%
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p-Cresyl sulfate potassium is a uremic toxin that binds to a prototype protein. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium activates the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium has pro-inflammatory activity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 91978-69-7

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Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of p-Cresyl sulfate potassium:

p-Cresyl sulfate potassium Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Phytomedicine. 2024 Oct 28:135:156174.  [Abstract]

    Indoxyl sulfate compromises mitochondrial function in Nthy-ori 3–1 cells. Survival rate of Nthy-ori 3–1 cells treated with p-Cresol sulfate.

    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2023 Feb 2;14(2):78.  [Abstract]

    HK-2 and NRK49F cells were treated with 400 μM IS, p-Cresyl sulfate (p-CS) and CMPF under serum starvation for 24 h and harvested. GPX4 protein levels in cells treated with 400 μM uremic toxin as detected by immunoblotting. The relative protein levels are shown.

    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2023 Feb 2;14(2):78.  [Abstract]

    HK-2 and NRK49F cells were treated with 400 μM IS, p-Cresyl sulfate (p-CS) and CMPF under serum starvation for 24 h and harvested. GPX4 protein levels in cells treated with uremic toxin as detected by flow cytometry. The graph on right shows the mean value of GPX4 fluorescence.

    View All Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    Human Endogenous Metabolite Microbial Metabolite

    View All JNK Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    JNK1 JNK2 JNK3 JNK

    View All p38 MAPK Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    p38 MAPK Akt1 p38α p38β MAPK13 p38δ p38γ

    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium is a uremic toxin that binds to a prototype protein. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium activates the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. p-Cresyl sulfate potassium has pro-inflammatory activity[1][2].

    IC50 & Target

    Microbial Metabolite

     

    Human Endogenous Metabolite

     

    In Vitro

    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium (0.125 mM, 24 h) induces osteoblast dysfunction by activating JNK and p38 MAPK pathways[1].
    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium (40 μg/mL, 30 min) inhibits adipogenesis and increases lipolysis of adipocytes[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium Related Antibodies

    Cell Viability Assay[1]

    Cell Line: Primary osteoblastic cells
    Concentration: 0.05, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 mM
    Incubation Time: 24 h
    Result: Decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.

    Cell Proliferation Assay[1]

    Cell Line: Primary osteoblastic cells
    Concentration: 0.05, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 mM
    Incubation Time: 24 h
    Result: Increased DNA fragmentation and decreased cell proliferation.

    Western Blot Analysis[1]

    Cell Line: Primary osteoblastic cells
    Concentration: 0.125 mM
    Incubation Time: 24 h
    Result: Induced rapid and sustained phosphorylation of JNK.
    In Vivo

    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium (10 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection twice daily for 4 weeks) promotes insulin resistance associated with CKD in mice[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: CKD mice modrl[2]
    Dosage: 10 mg/kg
    Administration: i.p.
    Result: Increased fasting plasma glucose concentration and plasma cholesterol levels.
    Molecular Weight

    226.29

    Formula

    C7H7KO4S
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=S(OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1)(O[K])=O
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 125 mg/mL (552.39 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (441.91 mM)

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 4.4191 mL 22.0955 mL 44.1911 mL
    5 mM 0.8838 mL 4.4191 mL 8.8382 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
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    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

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    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

      Solubility: 50 mg/mL (220.96 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.95%

    SDS (394 KB)

    COA (250 KB) HNMR (241 KB) RP-HPLC (253 KB) MS (68 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    H2O / DMSO 1 mM 4.4191 mL 22.0955 mL 44.1911 mL 110.4777 mL
    5 mM 0.8838 mL 4.4191 mL 8.8382 mL 22.0955 mL
    10 mM 0.4419 mL 2.2096 mL 4.4191 mL 11.0478 mL
    15 mM 0.2946 mL 1.4730 mL 2.9461 mL 7.3652 mL
    20 mM 0.2210 mL 1.1048 mL 2.2096 mL 5.5239 mL
    25 mM 0.1768 mL 0.8838 mL 1.7676 mL 4.4191 mL
    30 mM 0.1473 mL 0.7365 mL 1.4730 mL 3.6826 mL
    40 mM 0.1105 mL 0.5524 mL 1.1048 mL 2.7619 mL
    50 mM 0.0884 mL 0.4419 mL 0.8838 mL 2.2096 mL
    60 mM 0.0737 mL 0.3683 mL 0.7365 mL 1.8413 mL
    80 mM 0.0552 mL 0.2762 mL 0.5524 mL 1.3810 mL
    100 mM 0.0442 mL 0.2210 mL 0.4419 mL 1.1048 mL

    * Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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    p-Cresyl sulfate potassium Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    p-Cresyl sulfate91978-69-7p-Tolyl sulfateEndogenous MetaboliteJNKp38 MAPKc-Jun N-terminal kinasePrimary osteoblastic cellsCKDUremic toxinInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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