HSV-1 Inhibitor

Docusate Sodium (Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt) is one of the main components in stool softeners. Docusate Sodium is a sulfated surfactant and may inactivate viral pathogens by disrupting viral envelopes and/or denaturing/disassociating proteins. Docusate Sodium is effective in vitro against wild type and drug-resistant strains of HSV type 1 and 2. Docusate Sodium is an obesogen. Docusate Sodium with developmental exposure leads to increased adult adiposity, inflammation, metabolic disorder and dyslipidemia in offspring fed a standard diet in mice.

Imiquimod maleate (R 837 maleate), an immune response modifier, is a selective toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist. Imiquimod maleate exhibits antiviral and antitumor effects in vivo. Imiquimod maleate can be used for the research of external genital, perianal warts, cancer and COVID-19.

Acyclovir (Aciclovir) sodium is a potent, orally active antiviral agent. Acyclovir sodium has antiherpetic activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.85 μM and 0.86 μM for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively. Acyclovir sodium induces cell cycle perturbation and apoptosis. Acyclovir sodium prevents bacterial infections during induction therapy for acute leukaemia.

SIBA (5'-Isobutylthioadenosine) is a transmethylation inhibitor (SAH (HY-19528) analogue), with potent anti-proliferative activity. SIBA reversibly inhibits the production of HSV-1 by blocking methylation, specifically by blocking the 5' end-capping of viral mRNA. SIBA also inhibits the growth of tumour cells in vitro and metastatic spread in vivo. SIBA can be used in cancer, HSV-1 infection and anti-malaria studies.

Soyasaponin II is a saponin with antiviral activity. Soyasaponin II inhibits the replication of HSV-1, HCMV, influenza virus, and HIV-1. Soyasaponin II shows potent inhibition on HSV-1 replication. Soyasaponin II serves as a inhibitor for YB-1 phosphorylation and NLRP3 inflammasome priming and could protect mice against LPS/GalN induced acute liver failure.

FIT-039 is a selective, ATP-competitive and orally active CDK9 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 5.8 μM for CKD9/cyclin T1. FIT-039 does not inhibit other CDKs and other kinases. FIT-039 inhibits replication of HSV-1 (IC₅₀ of 0.69 μM), HSV-2, human adenovirus, and human CMV. FIT-039 is a promising antiviral agent for inhibiting drug-resistant HSVs and other DNA viruses.

Valacyclovir (Valaciclovir) is an orally active antiviral agent for herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and herpes B. Valacyclovir inhibits HSV-1 W (₅₀=2.9 μg/ml). Valacyclovir is a proagent of Aciclovir (HY-17422) .

Isoborneol ((±)-Isoborneol) is a monoterpenoid alcohol present in the essential oils of numerous medicinal plants and has antioxidant and antiviral properties. Isoborneol is a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1).

Methyl orsellinate acts as an antiviral agent and insecticide. Methyl orsellinate exhibits enzyme inhibitory activity, with an IC₅₀ of 59.6 µM against porcine leukocyte 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX); it inhibits soybean 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), and shows weak inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Methyl orsellinate displays contact toxicity against adult Drosophila suzukii. Methyl orsellinate shows anti-HSV-1 activity. Methyl orsellinate can be used in studies related to *Drosophila suzukii* infestation and HSV-1 infection.

Tromantadine hydrochloride, an Amantadine derivative with antiherpetic activity, inhibits herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 replication.

5-Nitrobarbituric acid is a herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) inhibitor (IC₅₀=1.7 μM).

Soyasapogenol C is an oleanane-type triterpenoid. Soyasapogenol C exhibits anti-HSV-1 activity, with an IC₅₀ of 18.9 μM.

Pritelivir mesylate (BAY 57-1293 mesylate), an inhibitor of the viral helicase-primase complex, exhibits antiviral activity in vitro and in animal models of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Pritelivir mesylate is active against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) with the IC₅₀ of 0.02 μM against HSV1-2.

Leachianone G is an antiviral flavonoid from the root bark of Morus alba L. Leachianone G shows potent antiviral activity against herpes simplex type 1 virus (HSV-1) with an IC₅₀ value of 1.6 μg/mL.