Tryptamine
Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Tryptamine is a selective, blood-brain-penetrating 5-HT4 receptor agonist (EC50=1-3 mM) and an endogenous ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) (Kd=10-50 nM). Tryptamine promotes intestinal anion secretion and fluid transport by activating G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and accelerates gastrointestinal motility. Tryptamine regulates Th17/Treg balance to inhibit neuroinflammation, competitively binds to 5-HT receptors to regulate central nervous system activity, and participates in temperature regulation and spinal reflex regulation as a neuromodulator. Tryptamine can be used to study intestinal motility disorders such as functional constipation, and has shown significant efficacy in multiple sclerosis models.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.89%
- CAS No.: 61-54-1
- Formula: C10H12N2
- Molecular Weight:160.22
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Storage:
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Tryptamine
More
Customer Validation & Images
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
MoreAll 5-HT Receptor Isoforms
More
Biological Activity
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Microbial Metabolite |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| MCF7 | IC50 |
>50 μM
Compound: Tryptamine
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Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay
Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay
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[PMID: 29057053] |
| MDA-MB-231 | IC50 |
>50 μM
Compound: Tryptamine
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Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay
Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by cell titer 96 aqueous one solution based assay
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[PMID: 29057053] |
Tryptamine (100 μM; 48 h) significantly inhibits MOG35-55-specific CD4+ T cell proliferation and RORγT+ cell differentiation in T cell proliferation assay[2].
Tryptamine (1 mM; 1 h) significantly increases intracellular cAMP levels in colon organoid cAMP assay, revealing activation of 5-HT4R signaling pathway[3].
Tryptamine (1 mM; 30 min) significantly increases the surface area of ??colon organoids from GF and HM mice in colon organoid swelling assay, demonstrating promotion of fluid secretion[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Mouse splenic CD4+ T cells (MOG35-55 immunized)
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Concentration:100 μM
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Incubation Time:48 h
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Result:Reduced PCNA+ proliferating CD4+ T cells by 40-50% and decreased RORγT+ cell population by 35-40% compared to vehicle.
Increased FoxP3+ Treg frequency by 20-25%.
Tryptamine (12.5 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; once every 2 days; 13 days) significantly alleviates paralysis symptoms, reduces CD4+ T cell infiltration in the central nervous system and promotes Treg differentiation in a chronic progressive EAE model in C57BL/6 mice[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Rabbits[1]
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Dosage:.5 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg
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Administration:Single intravenous injection
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Result:Induced dose-dependent hyperthermia (1-3°C increase) and enhanced spinal reflex amplitudes by 50-80% in both species. Observed behavioral excitation including clonic convulsions.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6 mice (female, 6-8 weeks old) with chronic progressive EAE[2]
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Dosage:12.5 mg/kg (sterile corn oil with 2% DMSO)
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection every 48 h from day 1 to day 13
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Result:Reduced clinical paralysis scores by 40-50% compared to vehicle control. CNS infiltration of CD4+ T cells decreased by 30-40%, while increased splenic FoxP3+ Tregs by 50-60%. IL-17 secretion was suppressed by 60-70% in CNS mononuclear cells.
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Animal Model:Germ-free (GF) Swiss Webster mice (male, 8-12 weeks old) colonized with engineered B. thetaiotaomicron TrpD+[3]
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Dosage:Oral gavage with 300 μL bacterial culture (single inoculation), 0.25% tryptophan in drinking water for 5 days
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Administration:
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Result:Increased fecal tryptamine concentration 2-3 fold compared to control strain.
Reduced whole gut transit time by 35-40%, and increased fecal water content by 20-25%.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 61-54-1
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 160.22
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Formula C10H12N2
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Color Off-white to light yellow
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SMILES
NCCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2
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Synonyms
3-(2-Aminoethyl)indole~2-(3-Indolyl)ethylamine
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
Publications (2)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Neurosci
2026 Jun 19. PMID: 42321470 -
Pest Manag Sci
The native rice leaf folder can enhance rice resistance against the invasive fall armyworm by inducing the jasmonate-mediated tryptophan metabolism pathway. [Abstract]2026 May;82(5):5026-5039. PMID: 41635108
Tryptamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Pest Manag Sci. 2026 May;82(5):5026-5039. [Abstract]
Mean body weight (±SE; n = 7 biological replicates) and representative photographs of FAW neonates after feeding for 4 days on artificial diets supplemented with Tryptamine at 0, 1, 10 or 100 μg/g. Tryptamine significantly inhibited FAW growth, resulting in reduced larval weight in a dose-dependent manner.
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : ≥ 150 mg/mL (936.21 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (15.60 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (15.60 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (282 KB)
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SDS (618 KB)
- English - EN (618 KB)
- Français - FR (618 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (618 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (618 KB)
- Español - ES (618 KB)
- Swedish - SV (618 KB)
- Italian - IT (618 KB)
- Korean - KR (618 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (618 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Jones RS, et al. Tryptamine: a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter in mammalian brain? Prog Neurobiol. 1982;19(1-2):117-39. [Content Brief]
[2]. Dopkins N, et al. Tryptamine Attenuates Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Through Activation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 25;11:619265. [Content Brief]
[3]. Bhattarai Y, et al. Gut Microbiota-Produced Tryptamine Activates an Epithelial G-Protein-Coupled Receptor to Increase Colonic Secretion. Cell Host Microbe. 2018 Jun 13;23(6):775-785.e5. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 6.2414 mL | 31.2071 mL | 62.4142 mL | 156.0355 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.2483 mL | 6.2414 mL | 12.4828 mL | 31.2071 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6241 mL | 3.1207 mL | 6.2414 mL | 15.6035 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.4161 mL | 2.0805 mL | 4.1609 mL | 10.4024 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3121 mL | 1.5604 mL | 3.1207 mL | 7.8018 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2497 mL | 1.2483 mL | 2.4966 mL | 6.2414 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2080 mL | 1.0402 mL | 2.0805 mL | 5.2012 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1560 mL | 0.7802 mL | 1.5604 mL | 3.9009 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1248 mL | 0.6241 mL | 1.2483 mL | 3.1207 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1040 mL | 0.5201 mL | 1.0402 mL | 2.6006 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0780 mL | 0.3901 mL | 0.7802 mL | 1.9504 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0624 mL | 0.3121 mL | 0.6241 mL | 1.5604 mL |
Tryptamine Related Classifications
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