Cat. No.: HY-N6972

Cepharanthine

Name: Cepharanthine
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-N6972
Price: 55.00 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (15 reviews)

15 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 15 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Cepharanthine is a natural product that can be isolated from the plant Stephania cephalantha Hayata. Cepharanthine has anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) activities. Cepharanthine has good effective in suppressing viral proliferation (half maximal (50%) inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) and 90% inhibitory concentration (IC₉₀) values of 1.90 and 4.46 μM. Cepharanthine can also effectively reverses P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in K562 cells and increase enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in xenograft mice model. Cepharanthine shows inhibitory effects of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and CYP2C9. Cepharanthine has antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity : 99.87%
CAS No.: 481-49-2
Formula: C₃₇H₃₈N₂O₆
Molecular Weight:606.71

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Cepharanthine Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 481-49-2

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Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (15)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocols (8)
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

Cepharanthine is a natural product that can be isolated from the plant Stephania cephalantha Hayata. Cepharanthine has anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) activities. Cepharanthine has good effective in suppressing viral proliferation (half maximal (50%) inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) and 90% inhibitory concentration (IC₉₀) values of 1.90 and 4.46 μM^[1]. Cepharanthine can also effectively reverses P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in K562 cells and increase enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in xenograft mice model^[2]^[3]. Cepharanthine shows inhibitory effects of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and CYP2C9. Cepharanthine has antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8].

IC₅₀ & Target

^[4]

CYP3A4

16.29 μM (IC₅₀)

CYP2E1

25.62 μM (IC₅₀)

CYP2C9

24.57 μM (IC₅₀)

All Cytochrome P450 Isoforms :

All Parasite Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A-431	ED₅₀	2.1 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human A431 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]
A549	IC₅₀	5 μM Compound: 7	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23621840]
A673	GI₅₀	4.5 μM Compound: Cepheranthine	Antiproliferative activity against human A673 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human A673 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 33226219]
ECa-109 cell line	IC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 7	Cytotoxicity against human ECA109 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human ECA109 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 23621840]
ECa-109 cell line	IC₅₀	436.7 nM Compound: CEP	Reversal of VCR -resistance in human Eca-109 cells assessed as cell viability at 5 uM incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 method (Rvb = 6830.0+/-537.0 nM) Reversal of VCR -resistance in human Eca-109 cells assessed as cell viability at 5 uM incubated for 48 hrs by CCK-8 method (Rvb = 6830.0+/-537.0 nM)	[PMID: 36892076]
HCC1806	GI₅₀	7.2 μM Compound: Cepheranthine	Antiproliferative activity against human HCC1806 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human HCC1806 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 33226219]
HCC1937	GI₅₀	6 μM Compound: Cepheranthine	Antiproliferative activity against human HCC1937 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human HCC1937 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 33226219]
HCC70	GI₅₀	5.8 μM Compound: Cepheranthine	Antiproliferative activity against human HCC70 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human HCC70 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 33226219]
HEK-293T	CC₅₀	2.1 μM Compound: 3; cep	Cytotoxicity against HEK293T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by CellTiter-Glo assay Cytotoxicity against HEK293T cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by CellTiter-Glo assay	[PMID: 37043739]
HeLa	IC₅₀	1.53 μM Compound: Cepharanthine	Inhibition of Ebolavirus glycoprotein/matrix protein VP40 entry in human HeLa cells after 4.5 hrs beta-lactamase reporter assay Inhibition of Ebolavirus glycoprotein/matrix protein VP40 entry in human HeLa cells after 4.5 hrs beta-lactamase reporter assay	[PMID: 29624387]
HL-60	IC₅₀	9.2 μM Compound: 7	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23621840]
HT-1080	ED₅₀	6.1 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human HT1080 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]
KB	ED₅₀	5.9 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human KB cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human KB cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]
KB	ED₅₀	9700 nM Compound: 12	Cytotoxicity against human KB cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human KB cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 9917283]
KB-V1	ED₅₀	0.9 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human KBV1 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human KBV1 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]
LNCaP	ED₅₀	5.6 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]
MCF7	IC₅₀	2.9 μM Compound: 7	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23621840]
MDA-MB-231	GI₅₀	5.3 μM Compound: Cepheranthine	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 33226219]
MDA-MB-453	GI₅₀	5.5 μM Compound: Cepheranthine	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-453 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-453 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 33226219]
MOLT-4	CC₅₀	10 μg/mL Compound: CEP, Cepharanthine	Cytotoxicity against human MOLT4 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MOLT4 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24704028]
P388	ED₅₀	0.3 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells after 2 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells after 2 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]
SJRH30	GI₅₀	3.8 μM Compound: Cepheranthine	Antiproliferative activity against human SJRH30 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human SJRH30 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 33226219]
SK-MEL-2	ED₅₀	14.5 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-2 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]
SMMC-7721	IC₅₀	9.9 μM Compound: 7	Cytotoxicity against human SMMC7721 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human SMMC7721 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23621840]
SW480	IC₅₀	4.7 μM Compound: 7	Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human SW480 cells after 48 hrs by MTS assay	[PMID: 23621840]
U-937	IC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: 8, NSC 623442	Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells after 24 hrs by alamar blue assay Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells after 24 hrs by alamar blue assay	[PMID: 22766217]
Vero	CC₅₀	>50 μM Compound: Cepharanthine	Cell viability measured by CellTiter-Glo assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.05 after 72hr Cell viability measured by CellTiter-Glo assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.05 after 72hr	10.1101/2020.03.20.999730
Vero	IC₅₀	4.47 μM Compound: Cepharanthine	Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (viral titer) measured by plaque assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.0125 after 24 hr Antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (viral titer) measured by plaque assay in Vero cells at MOI 0.0125 after 24 hr	10.1101/2020.03.20.999730
Vero C1008	EC₅₀	0.98 μM Compound: Cepharanthine	Antiviral activity against SARS-Co-V-2 infected in Vero E6 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication Antiviral activity against SARS-Co-V-2 infected in Vero E6 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication	[PMID: 37229831]
ZR-75-1	ED₅₀	1.2 μg/mL Compound: 11	Cytotoxicity against human ZR-75-1 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human ZR-75-1 cells after 3 days by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 8450319]

In Vitro

Cepharanthine (CEP) (2 μM, 48 h) inhibits cell viability and colony formation and induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in human TNBC cells^[2].
Cepharanthine (2 μM, 48 h) Combinates with Epirubicin (HY-13624) impairs mitochondrial function and causes mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells^[2].
Cepharanthine (5 μM, 24 h) potently enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents Doxorubicin (HY-15142A) and Vincristine (HY-N0488) and enhanced apoptosis induced by anticancer agents in K562 cells^[3].
Cepharanthine (10-50 μM, 0.5-1 h) changes the distribution of Doxorubicin (HY-15142A) from cytoplasmic vesicles to nucleoplasm in K562 cells by inhibiting the acidification of cytoplasmic organellesin^[3].
Cepharanthine (0-50 μM, 30 min) shows inhibitory effects of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4,CYP2E1 and CYP2C9in vitro^[4].
Cepharanthine(0-4 μM, 48 hours) blocks P. falciparum development in ring stage with IC₅₀s of 3.059, 0.927, 2.276, and 1.803 μM for FCM29, W2, 3D7 and K1, respectively^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.

Apoptosis Analysis^[2]

View Protocol

Cell Line:

MDAMB-231 and BT549 cells
Concentration:

2 μM
Incubation Time:

48 h
Result:

Cepharanthine alone minimally increased apoptosis (~5% to ~10%), whereas combinated with Epirubicin (HY-13624) markedly increased apoptosis (~50%).

Western Blot Analysis^[2]

View Protocol

Cell Line:

MDAMB-231 cells
Concentration:

2 μM
Incubation Time:

48 h
Result:

Combinated with Epirubicin (HY-13624) markedly resulted in oxidation of the actin-remodeling protein cofilin, which promoted formation of an intramolecular disulfide bridge between Cys39, Cys80 and Ser3 dephosphorylation, leading to mitochondria translocation of cofilin.
Combinated with Epirubicin (HY-13624) induced mitochondrial fission in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Immunofluorescence^[3]

View Protocol

Cell Line:

K562 cells or MIA-PaCa-2 cells
Concentration:

10,20,25,50 μM
Incubation Time:

0.5 h or 1 h
Result:

Made the intracellular localization of Doxorubicin (HY-15142A) in cytoplasmic vesicles shifted to the nucleoplasm.
Decreased red AO (weakly basic fluorescence probe) fluorescence by dose-dependent mannar in K562 cells.

Cell Viability Assay^[5]

View Protocol

Cell Line:

P. falciparum cultivated in type A+ human erythrocytes
Concentration:

2 μM
Incubation Time:

48 h
Result:

Blocked P. falciparum development in ring stage with IC₅₀s of 3.059, 0.927, 2.276, and 1.803 μM for FCM29, W2, 3D7 and K1, respectively.

In Vivo

Cepharanthine (12 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 36 days) enhances the therapeutic efficacy of Epirubicin (HY-13624) in MDA-MB-231 cell xenografts^[2].
Cepharanthine (10 mg/kg, i.p., single dose) prevents LPS-induced pulmonary vascular injury in rats by inhibiting leukocyte activation^[6].
Cepharanthine (CE)(10 mg/kg, i.p., single dose) exerts anti-inflammatory effects via NF-kB inhibition in a LPS-induced rat model of systemic inflammation^[7].
Cepharanthine (20-180 mg/kg, i.p.) results in a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect with an ED₅₀ value of 24.5 mg/kg in mice pain models^[8].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

MDA-MB-231 cell xenografts in mice^[1]
Dosage:

12 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once daily for 36 days
Result:

Combinated with Epirubicin (HY-13624) greatly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy compared with administration of either drug alone.

Animal Model:

LPS-induced pulmonary vascular injury in male Wistar rats^[6]
Dosage:

10 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), single dose
Result:

Decreased LPS-induced pulmonary vascular injury.
Significantly inhibited the increases in plasma tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) concentrations.

Animal Model:

LPS-induced Wistar rat model of systemic inflammation^[7]
Dosage:

10 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), single dose
Result:

Significantly inhibited the increase in LPS-induced IL-6, TNF-α and nitrate/nitrite levels.
Reduced interstitial edema and inflammatory cell compared with the control group.
Reduced pathologic abnormalities, such as vacuolization, dot necrosis, striped necrosis, and bridging necrosis appeared, and inflammatory cells compared with the control group.
group compared with the LPS group.

Animal Model:

Mice pain models in Kunming (KM) strain male and female mice ^[8]
Dosage:

10 mg/kg
Administration:

Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
Result:

Resulted in a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect with an ED₅₀ value of 24.5 mg/kg in mice pain models.
Significantly decreased the intestinal propulsion with maximal inhibition at 33.6%.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 481-49-2
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 606.71
Formula C₃₇H₃₈N₂O₆
Color White to yellow
SMILES

[H][C@]12N(C)CCC(C1=C3)=CC(OC)=C3OC4=C5C(OCO5)=CC6=C4[C@](N(C)CC6)([H])CC(C=C7)=CC=C7OC8=C(OC)C=CC(C2)=C8
Structure Classification
- Alkaloids
- Isoquinoline Alkaloids
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (15)

All WBCell Proliferation/Viability AssayIFBio/Physico-chemical AssayFlow Cytometry

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Journal Impact Factor

J Transl Med

Single-cell profiling of SLC family transporters: uncovering the role of SLC7A1 in osteosarcoma. [Abstract]

2025 Jan 22;23(1):103. PMID: 39844299

Cepharanthine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Transl Med. 2025 Jan 22;23(1):103. [Abstract]

Cepharanthine (CPE) (2–5 μM) dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of 143B cells.

Cepharanthine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Transl Med. 2025 Jan 22;23(1):103. [Abstract]

Cepharanthine (CPE) (2–5 μM) enhanced its inhibitory effects on arginine uptake in 143B cells with increasing concentration.

Cepharanthine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Transl Med. 2025 Jan 22;23(1):103. [Abstract]

Cepharanthine (CPE) (2–5 μM; 48 h) pretreatment significantly downregulated CD206 expression and upregulated CD86 expression in THP1-derived macrophages in a dose-dependent manner.
Am J Chin Med

Cepharanthine Triggers Ferroptosis in Gastric Cancer by PINK1/FUNDC1-Mediated Mitophagy-Dependent GPX4 Degradation. [Abstract]

2026;54(1):329-348. PMID: 41684093
Int Immunopharmacol

Cepharanthine inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis through ARIH2-mediated degradation of NLRP3. [Abstract]

2026 Sep 1:184:116935. PMID: 42217341
Virol J

Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids inhibit influenza virus replication by disrupting endosomal acidification. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 4;22(1):181. PMID: 40468427

Cepharanthine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Virol J. 2025 Jun 4;22(1):181. [Abstract]

Cepharanthine (CPE) (0.33-3 nM; 24 h) dose-dependently suppressed protein levels of the viral PB2 in A549 cells.

Cepharanthine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Virol J. 2025 Jun 4;22(1):181. [Abstract]

Cepharanthine (CPE) (0.33-3 nM; 24 h) significantly reduced the expression of the IAV M2 protein in MDCK cells.
J Med Virol

2026 Jul;98(7):e71062. PMID: 42464733
Vet Microbiol

The Chinese medicine monomer Schisandrin C inhibits PRRSV infection by regulating the OGT-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2026 May:316:110992. PMID: 41865607
Vet Microbiol

Antiviral activity of Stephania japonica extract against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. [Abstract]

2025 Sep:308:110647. PMID: 40706130
Vet Microbiol

Cepharanthine mitigates NIBV-induced pyroptosis via the MDA5/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Jun:305:110519. PMID: 40273551
Virology

Cepharanthine: A promising natural compound against feline infectious peritonitis virus infection and associated inflammation. [Abstract]

2025 Mar:604:110422. PMID: 39884162
Arch Dermatol Res

Cepharantine prevents hypertrophic scarring by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 24;317(1):734. PMID: 40274641
Am J Transl Res

Cepharanthine inhibits migration, invasion, and EMT of bladder cancer cells by activating the Rap1 signaling pathway in vitro. [Abstract]

2024 May 15;16(5):1602-1619. PMID: 38883391
SSRN

2026 Mar 15.
SSRN

2023 Sep 21.
Oxid Med Cell Longev

Cepharanthine Attenuates Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice via Inhibiting 15-Lipoxygenase-1-Mediated Microglia and Endothelial Cell Ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2022 Feb 9;2022:4295208. PMID: 35186185
bioRxiv

2020 Jun.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (82.41 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.6482 mL

8.2412 mL

16.4823 mL

5 mM

0.3296 mL

1.6482 mL

3.2965 mL

10 mM

0.1648 mL

0.8241 mL

1.6482 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

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Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (4.12 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline

Solubility: 6.02 mg/mL (9.92 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 15% Cremophor EL 85% Saline

Solubility: 6.02 mg/mL (9.92 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Protocols

All Cell Biology Animals and Diseases Signal Pathway Related

Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX)
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are generated by engrafting primary human tumor tissue directly into immunodeficient mice, allowing in vivo propagation of patient tumor biology without initial in vitro adaptation. These models are used to preserve key histopathological and molecular characteristics of the original tumor and enable assessment of tumor growth dynamics and therapeutic response in a living organism. The biological readout is tumor engraftment and subsequent growth in the murine host, which reflects the ability of human tumor cells to survive, vascularize, and expand in an immunocompromised microenvironment.
Splenic/Portal-Vein Liver Metastasis Xenograft
Splenic and portal-vein liver metastasis xenograft models deliver tumor cells into the portal circulation so that cells reach the liver first and form hepatic metastatic lesions; splenic injection uses the spleen as an access route to the portal system, while direct portal-vein injection introduces cells into the portal vein without requiring splenectomy. The assay detects liver colonization, intrahepatic tumor growth, tumor distribution, treatment response, survival, and liver-metastasis microenvironment changes; readouts include bioluminescence or fluorescence imaging, gross liver nodule counts, liver weight or tumor burden, histology, and survival.
Research Protocol for Inflammation-related Diseases
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic innate immune signaling platform that integrates priming signals and danger-signal activation to promote caspase-1 activation, maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptotic cell death. The core experimental logic is to determine whether inflammatory disease phenotypes are driven by increased NLRP3 expression, ASC-containing inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 cleavage, GSDMD cleavage, and extracellular release of IL-1β/IL-18 rather than by nonspecific cell injury alone. The pathway is strongly linked to inflammation-related disease phenotypes because monosodium urate crystals activate NALP3/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in gout-like crystal inflammation, cholesterol crystals activate NLRP3 inflammasomes in atherogenesis models, and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation has been reported to involve NLRP3 inflammasome activity. However, experimental colitis studies also show context-dependent protective effects of NLRP3 inflammasome co
Subcutaneous Cell-Line-Derived Xenograft
Subcutaneous cell-line-derived xenograft (CDX) models are established by implanting cultured human cancer cell lines into immunodeficient mice, where the injected cells form localized tumors that can be monitored in vivo as a measure of tumorigenic potential, growth kinetics, and treatment response. These models are widely used in oncology research because they allow reproducible tumor formation and enable comparative assessment of tumor growth between different cell lines or genetic manipulations in a controlled in vivo microenvironment. Subcutaneous implantation of cancer cells in immunodeficient mice is a standard approach for evaluating tumor growth behavior and therapeutic response across multiple cancer types, including prostate, esophageal, pancreatic, and colon cancer models.
Orthotopic Cell-Line Xenograft
Orthotopic cell-line xenograft models involve implantation of human cancer cell lines into the anatomically corresponding organ of immunodeficient mice to reproduce tumor growth within a native microenvironment, enabling more clinically relevant tumor behavior compared with subcutaneous models. These models are widely used because orthotopic placement better recapitulates tumor progression, including invasion and metastatic spread, which are often underrepresented in heterotopic implantation systems. Compared with conventional xenografts, orthotopic implantation is described as more technically complex but provides improved simulation of tumor-microenvironment interactions and metastatic behavior, making it particularly valuable for translational oncology research. Surgical orthotopic implantation approaches have been emphasized as enabling faithful reproduction of clinical cancer features, including metastasis and disease progression patterns that align with the tumor’s organ of origi
Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
Intraperitoneal/Peritoneal Dissemination Xenograft
Intraperitoneal (IP) or peritoneal dissemination xenograft models are based on the introduction of human cancer cells into the peritoneal cavity of immunodeficient mice, where they attach to peritoneal surfaces, form multicellular aggregates or spheroids, and progressively generate disseminated tumor nodules that mimic advanced peritoneal metastatic disease. These models are widely used to study ovarian cancer progression, tumor-microenvironment interactions, and intraperitoneal therapeutic responses, often incorporating bioluminescence or fluorescence imaging to longitudinally monitor tumor burden in vivo. The biological principle relies on the capacity of tumor cells such as SKOV3 or related ovarian carcinoma lines to survive in suspension, aggregate within ascites-like fluid, adhere to mesothelial surfaces, and invade peritoneal organs, thereby recapitulating human peritoneal carcinomatosis patterns observed in advanced disease.

Purity & Documentation

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Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (297 KB)
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COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
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References

[1]. Hijikata A, et al. Evaluating cepharanthine analogues as natural drugs against SARS-CoV-2. FEBS Open Bio. 2022;12(1):285-294 [Content Brief]

[2]. Shen LW, et.al. Cepharanthine sensitizes human triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agent epirubicin via inducing cofilin oxidation-mediated mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Jan;43(1):177-193. [Content Brief]

[3]. Ikeda R, et.al. Cepharanthine potently enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in K562 cells. Cancer Sci. 2005 Jun;96(6):372-6. [Content Brief]

[4]. Zhang X, et.al. In vitro inhibitory effects of cepharanthine on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Pharm Biol. 2020 Dec;58(1):247-252. [Content Brief]

[5]. Hua P, et.al. Cepharanthine induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 May 1;460(2):136-42. [Content Brief]

[6]. Desgrouas C, et.al. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of cepharanthine. Malar J. 2014 Aug 22;13:327. [Content Brief]

[7]. Murakami K, et.al. The prevention of lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary vascular injury by pretreatment with cepharanthine in rats. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Jan;161(1):57-63. [Content Brief]

[8]. Wei XY, et,al. Antinociceptive activities and mechanism of action of Cepharanthine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Jul 23;614:219-224. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	1.6482 mL	8.2412 mL	16.4823 mL	41.2058 mL
	5 mM	0.3296 mL	1.6482 mL	3.2965 mL	8.2412 mL
	10 mM	0.1648 mL	0.8241 mL	1.6482 mL	4.1206 mL
	15 mM	0.1099 mL	0.5494 mL	1.0988 mL	2.7471 mL
	20 mM	0.0824 mL	0.4121 mL	0.8241 mL	2.0603 mL
	25 mM	0.0659 mL	0.3296 mL	0.6593 mL	1.6482 mL
	30 mM	0.0549 mL	0.2747 mL	0.5494 mL	1.3735 mL
	40 mM	0.0412 mL	0.2060 mL	0.4121 mL	1.0301 mL
	50 mM	0.0330 mL	0.1648 mL	0.3296 mL	0.8241 mL
	60 mM	0.0275 mL	0.1374 mL	0.2747 mL	0.6868 mL
	80 mM	0.0206 mL	0.1030 mL	0.2060 mL	0.5151 mL

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Cepharanthine

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Cepharanthine

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Cepharanthine

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