Cell Function Analysiss

Dabcyl acid (Dabcyl) is a nonfluorescent chromophore and a quencher. Dabcyl acid can be used as molecular beacon nucleic acid probes to recognize and report the presence of specific nucleic acids in homogeneous solutions.

Thiazole orange dimer YOYO 1 (YOYO 1) is a cell-impermeable cyanine dimer with no inherent fluorescence, and its fluorescence intensity increases significantly upon binding to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Thiazole orange dimer YOYO 1 can serve as a nuclear counterstain or a dead cell indicator (Ex/Em = 505/512 nm).

Resorufin sodium salt (NSC 12097) is a highly fluorescent pink dye. Resorufin sodium salt shows favorable properties such as water solubility, red-shifted absorption/emission signals. Resorufin sodium salt is used for the detection of ROS/RNS and a second analyte.

Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue (purity≥70%) is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene blue reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation.

YO-PRO-1 is a non-cell-membrane-penetrating green fluorescent dye. YO-PRO-1 cannot penetrate normal cell membranes but can penetrate the membranes of apoptotic and necrotic cells. YO-PRO-1 has a high affinity for DNA. When it is not bound to DNA, it emits almost no fluorescence, and when it binds to DNA, it can emit green fluorescence (Ex/Em: 488/530±30 nM). YO-PRO-1 is often used together with Propidium Iodide (HY-D0815) to analyze and identify apoptotic and necrotic cells.

6-NBDG is a fluorescent glucose analogue, it can be used for fluorescence imaging and monitoring glucose transport and uptake. 6-NBDG can be used as a fluorescent probe for detecting macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques.

S0456 is a raw material that plays a crucial role in the construction of the folate receptor-targeted near-infrared dye OTL 38 (HY-139579). S0456 is connected to the modified folic acid to form OTL 38, endowing OTL 38 with good optical properties, high affinity, and specificity. S0456 can be used in the research of tumor optical imaging agents.

HKOH-1 is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe for the specific detection of ·OH in living cells with a maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of 500 nm and 520 nm, respectively.

Isosulfan blue is a blue dye for the identification of lymph vessels during lymphangiography. Isosulfan blueis is used during sentinel lymph node biopsies in breast cancer. Isosulfan blue is possible to have an allergic reaction during breast cancer operations.

SYTM Green is a cell impermeant DNA dye that fluoresces green by binding to dsDNA (Ex/Em=503/530 nm). SYTM Green can also be used to stain bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Note: SYTM Green cannot penetrate living cells, and this product is equivalent to (Ex/Em=488/530 nm).

5-CFDA-AM is a cell-permeable esterase substrate that can be used as an active probe to measure enzyme activity and cell membrane integrity. 5-CFDA-AM is electroneutral and can enter the cell at a lower concentration than CFDA, where it is hydrolysed by intracellular esterases to produce carboxyfluorescein, which contains an additional negative charge and can be better retained in the cell. 5-CFDA-AM can be used to detect cell viability.

DiSBAC2(3) is an anionic membrane-potential-sensitive dye. DiSBAC2(3) is a plasma membrane potential indicator.

Hexaminolevulinate (Hexyl 5-aminolevulinate) hydrochloride, a porphyrin precursor, is a photosensitiser that can be used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for certain tumor. Hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride can improve the visualisation of bladder tumours.

Methyl Green is a non-intercalating fluorescent labeling agent that selectively binds to the major groove of DNA. Methyl Green electrostatically interacts with the major groove of DNA through positively charged groups, exhibiting key activities such as high affinity, resistance to photobleaching, and stable fluorescence emission. Methyl Green can be directly measured by microscopy and flow cytometry, with peaks at 633 and 677 nm. Methyl Green can be used for fluorescent labeling of the nuclei of embryonic tissues or cells, or DNA staining and cell activity detection in gel electrophoresis[1][2][3].

Methyl Orange is a soluble azo dye commonly used as an acid-base indicator and for staining cells and tissue sections, as well as for dyeing textiles. Methyl Orange appears red at a pH of 3.1 and changes to bright yellow as the pH increases to 4.4. Methyl Orange (500 mg/L) exhibits cytotoxicity and can cause DNA damage.

HKGreen-4I is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe for the specific detection of ONOO^- in living cells with a maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of 520 nm and 543 nm, respectively.

3,6-Diaminoacridine hemisulfate is a multifunctional acridine compound. 3,6-Diaminoacridine hemisulfate is an acridine dye and also a DNA inserter. 3,6-Diaminoacridine hemisulfate is a potent broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. Its mechanism is to insert into bacterial DNA, interfering with replication and transcription, leading to bacterial lysis. 3,6-Diaminoacridine hemisulfate is a K_ir3.2 potassium channel blocker and can be used to study the neurological phenotype of Down syndrome. 3,6-Diaminoacridine hemisulfate can penetrate the stratum corneum of the skin and accumulate in the cell nucleus. Long-term exposure may induce skin cancer or other malignant tumors.

Dabsyl chloride is an amine derivatizing agent, able to give rise to stable products that can be easily monitored spectrophotometrically at 460 nm; Dabsyl chloride also used for labeling amino acids.

X-34 is a lipophilic and bright yellow-green fluorescent derivative of Congo red (HY-D0236). X-34 can be used to stain neuritic and diffuse plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuropil threads, and cerebrovascular amyloid in the brain. X-34 can be used for research of Alzheimer’s disease.

Phenazine ethosulfate is a cationic dye (Ex=390 nm, Em=530 nm) and electron acceptor that can be used in dye-linked enzyme assays. Phenazine ethosulfate exhibits weak, pH-dependent fluorescence properties and serves as an oxidative substrate. Phenazine ethosulfate promotes the reduction of equine heart metmyoglobin to ferrohemoglobin. As an intermediate, Phenazine ethosulfate can be used in combination with ascorbic acid for the detection of nitric oxide reductase activity.