Cat. No.: HY-N2334A

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt

(Synonyms: Chenodeoxycholylglycine sodium salt; Sodium glycochenodeoxycholate)

9 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt (Sodium glycochenodeoxycholate) is a relatively toxic bile salt generated in the liver from chenodeoxycholic acid and glycine. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt inhibits Autophagosome formation and impairs lysosomal function by inhibiting lysosomal proteolysis and increasing lysosomal pH in human normal liver cells, leading to the Apoptosis of human hepatocyte cells. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt induces stemness and chemoresistance via activating STAT3 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC). Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt is promising for research in the field of cholestasis desease, hepatocellular carcinoma and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 98.51%
CAS No.: 16564-43-5
Formula: C₂₆H₄₂NNaO₅
Molecular Weight:471.61

Storage:

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 16564-43-5

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (9)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Microbial Metabolite

Human Endogenous Metabolite

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

All STAT Isoforms :

All Interleukin Related Isoforms :

All Caspase Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
CHO	EC₅₀	3.88 μM Compound: 4b, glyco	Agonist activity at human TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by luciferase assay Agonist activity at human TGR5 expressed in CHO cells by luciferase assay	[PMID: 18307294]
HET-1A	CC₅₀	729 μM Compound: 3, TCDCA	Cytotoxicity against human HET-1A cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HET-1A cells assessed as cell viability after 24 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 20713311]

In Vitro

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt (0-100 μM, 6 h) significantly increases the amount of dead cells and decreases in LC3, ATG5 and BECN1 expression in human normal liver cells, leading to Autophagosome formation inhibition^[1].
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt (5–500 μM, 24 h) exerts no induction or reduction of TGF-β mRNA expression in KMBC cells and LX-2 cells^[2].
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt (200 μM, 24 h and 48 h) enhances stemness and chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway, suppressing the expression of apoptotic genes (Bcl10, Caspase 3, Caspase 4, Tp53, BAD) and increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl2, Bcl-xl and IL10)^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Apoptosis Analysis^[4]

Cell Line:

Huh7 and LM3 cell lines
Concentration:

200 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h and 48 h
Result:

Increased the cell viability and promoted chemoresistance treated with 5-FU (HY-90006) (120 µg/mL) and cisplatinin (10 µg/mL) in Huh7 and LM3 cell lines

Cell Autophagy Assay^[1]

Cell Line:

L02 cells
Concentration:

100 μM
Incubation Time:

6 h
Result:

Significantly reduced GFP-LC3 puncta and decreased microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), autophagy related 5 (ATG5) and beclin 1 (BECN1) expression in L02 cells.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

Human normal liver cells
Concentration:

0-100 μM
Incubation Time:

6 h
Result:

Decreased the TFE3 levels in a dose-dependent manner in human normal liver cells.

RT-PCR^[2]

Cell Line:

KMBC cells
Concentration:

5–500 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Unaltered TGF-β mRNA expression in KMBC cells and LX-2 cells.

Real Time qPCR^[4]

Cell Line:

Huh7 and LM3 cell lines
Concentration:

200 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h and 48 h
Result:

Suppressed the expression of apoptotic genes (Bcl10, Caspase 3, Caspase 4, Tp53, BAD) and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl2, Bcl-xl and IL10) in Huh7 and LM3 cell lines.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 16564-43-5
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 471.61
Formula C₂₆H₄₂NNaO₅
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C[C@@]12[C@](CC[C@]2([H])[C@H](C)CCC(NCC(O[Na])=O)=O)([H])[C@@]3([H])[C@]([C@@]4([C@](C[C@H](O)CC4)([H])C[C@H]3O)C)([H])CC1
Synonyms

Chenodeoxycholylglycine sodium salt; Sodium glycochenodeoxycholate
Structure Classification
- Steroids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (9)

All RT-PCR

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Journal Impact Factor

Adv Sci (Weinh)

Targeting FDFT1 Reduces Cholesterol and Bile Acid Production and Delays Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through the HNF4A/ALDOB/AKT1 Axis. [Abstract]

2025 Mar;12(12):e2411719. PMID: 39899681

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar;12(12):e2411719. [Abstract]

The mRNA levels of ALDOB in Huh7 or HCCLM3 cells treated with various bile acids (100 μM, 24 h). All data are presented as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple-comparison correction. CA, cholic acid; TCA, taurocholic acid; GCA, glycocholic acid; TCDCA, taurochenodeoxycholic acid; GCDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid; LCA, lithocholic acid; TLCA, taurolithocholic acid; GLCA, glycolithocholic acid; DCA, deoxycholic acid; TDCA, taurodeoxycholic acid; GDCA, glycodeoxycholic acid; UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA, tauroursodeoxycholic acid; GUDCA, glycoursodeoxycholic acid.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces

Glutathione-Chitosan Modified Methyl Eugenol Liposomes Promote Spinal Cord Injury Repair by Alleviating Neuroinflammation. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 3;18(21):29739-29755. PMID: 42176032
Hepatol Int

Bile acids induce liver fibrosis through the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and the mechanism of FXR inhibition of NLRP3 activation. [Abstract]

2024 Jun;18(3):1040-1052. PMID: 38172440
J Agric Food Chem

Protein-Free Diet Aggravates Food Allergy Response via the Consumption of Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid in a Murine Model. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 26. PMID: 42360286
Food Funct

Association between daidzein metabolism to equol and fecal bile acid profiles in young women. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 22. PMID: 42329218
Biomolecules

Significant Reduction of Chenodeoxycholic Acid and Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid in the Elderly with Severe COVID-19. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 28;15(7):943. PMID: 40723815

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomolecules. 2025 Jun 28;15(7):943. [Abstract]

SARS-CoV-2-stimulated THP-1 cells were treated with 10 μM or 20 μM Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) for 24 h. The intracellular mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-8, and CXCL5 were measured by RT–qPCR.
Discov Oncol

Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 promotes the onset and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related hepatocellular carcinoma through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. [Abstract]

2023 Jan 11;14(1):4. PMID: 36631680
bioRxiv

Bile acid chemosensation in mammals supports species and gut microbiome evaluation. [Abstract]

2026 May 5:2026.04.30.721772. PMID: 42146479
SSRN

2022 Jan 26.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 250 mg/mL (530.10 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (212.04 mM)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.1204 mL

10.6020 mL

21.2040 mL

5 mM

0.4241 mL

2.1204 mL

4.2408 mL

10 mM

0.2120 mL

1.0602 mL

2.1204 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.41 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.41 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.41 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: 50 mg/mL (106.02 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (279 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Lan W, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt impairs transcription factor E3 -dependent autophagy-lysosome machinery by disrupting reactive oxygen species homeostasis in L02 cells[J]. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Oct 1;331:11-21. [Content Brief]

[2]. Wang A, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt Does Not Increase Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Expression in Bile Duct Epithelial Cells or Collagen Synthesis in Myofibroblasts[J]. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2017 Dec;7(4):316-320. [Content Brief]

[3]. Gonzalez B, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) induced hepatocyte apoptosis is associated with early modulation of intracellular PKC activity. Mol Cell Biochem. 2000 Apr;207(1-2):19-27. [Content Brief]

[4]. Shi C, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt induces stemness and chemoresistance via the STAT3 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J]. Aging (Albany NY). 2020 Aug 3;12(15):15546-15555. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	2.1204 mL	10.6020 mL	21.2040 mL	53.0099 mL
	5 mM	0.4241 mL	2.1204 mL	4.2408 mL	10.6020 mL
	10 mM	0.2120 mL	1.0602 mL	2.1204 mL	5.3010 mL
	15 mM	0.1414 mL	0.7068 mL	1.4136 mL	3.5340 mL
	20 mM	0.1060 mL	0.5301 mL	1.0602 mL	2.6505 mL
	25 mM	0.0848 mL	0.4241 mL	0.8482 mL	2.1204 mL
	30 mM	0.0707 mL	0.3534 mL	0.7068 mL	1.7670 mL
	40 mM	0.0530 mL	0.2650 mL	0.5301 mL	1.3252 mL
	50 mM	0.0424 mL	0.2120 mL	0.4241 mL	1.0602 mL
	60 mM	0.0353 mL	0.1767 mL	0.3534 mL	0.8835 mL
	80 mM	0.0265 mL	0.1325 mL	0.2650 mL	0.6626 mL
	100 mM	0.0212 mL	0.1060 mL	0.2120 mL	0.5301 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt

9 Cited Publications

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Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt

Bioactive Compound Library Max

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

All STAT Isoforms

All Interleukin Related Isoforms

All Caspase Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (9)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid sodium salt Related Classifications

HY-N2334A Related Classifications