Enzyme Substrates

Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC is a membrane-permeable calpain-specific fluorogenic substrate (Ex/Em = 390/480 nm).

Glutathione ethyl ester is a cell-permeable GSH donor and provides an efficient supply of GSH to the oocyte. Glutathione ethyl ester shows positive effect on the in vitro production of embryos by enhancement of the antioxidative defense.

Suc-AAPF-pNA (Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNA) is a chromogenic p-nitroanilide (pNA) substrate with the K_m of 1.7 mM. Cleavage of Suc-AAPF-pNA releases 4-nitroaniline, which is yellow in colour and can be measured spectrophotometrically. Suc-AAPF-pNA can be used for the measurement of free and membrane-bound cathepsin G in human neutrophils.

Z-Leu-Leu-Glu-AMC (Z-LLE-AMC) is a peptide-AMC linked substrate used to measure the postacidic-like hydrolysing activity of proteasome. Z-Leu-Leu-Glu-AMC can be used for the research of parkinson's disease.

N-[3-(2-Furyl)acryloyl]-Phe-Gly-Gly (FAPGG) is a specific substrate of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) with a Ki of 2.546×10^-4 M. It is used as a chromogenic probe for quantitative detection of ACE activity. N-[3-(2-Furyl)acryloyl]-Phe-Gly-Gly can be hydrolyzed by ACE to generate N-[3-(2-furyl)acryloyl]-Phe (FAP) and Gly-Gly, and the ACE inhibitory effect is monitored by photometry. FAPGG competitively binds to the active center of ACE and is a key tool for screening ACE inhibitors such as Captopril (HY-B0368) and Dioscorin. Its reversible mechanism of action supports hypertension research and drug development targeting the renin-angiotensin system.

HSP70/DnaK substrate peptide TFA is a short peptide that the HSP70/DnaK molecular chaperone can bind and act on. HSP70/DnaK substrate peptide TFA can be used to study the mechanism of action of HSP70/DnaK in molecular chaperone function.

Ac-Glu-Asp(EDANS)-Lys-Pro-Ile-Leu-Phe-Phe-Arg-Leu-Gly-Lys(DABCYL)-Glu-NH2 acetate is a Cathepsin D substrate, that can be used for cathepsin D FRET assay.

Chktide acetate is a synthetic peptide substrate applicable for activity assays of Chk1 kinase and cyk/CaMKII. Chktide acetate contains the Ser53 phosphorylation site of Xenopus cyclin B2.

MeOSuc-AAPV-AMC is a fluorogenic substrate for human leukocyte and porcine pancreatic elastase (K_m: 362 μM, Ex=380 nm, Em=460 nm).

Mca-Lys-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dap(Dnp)-Ala-Arg-NH2 (FS-6) is a fluorescent peptide that is a quenched MMP peptide substrate. Mca-Lys-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dap(Dnp)-Ala-Arg-NH2 can be used for real-time quantification of MMP enzymatic activity. Mca-Lys-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dap(Dnp)-Ala-Arg-NH2 is an elongated peptide of MMP substrate (FS-1) and is active against collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-13 ) and MT1-MMP with higher specificity constants than FS-1. (Ex/Em=325 nm/400 nm)

Z-Arg-Arg-AMC hydrochloride is a highly selective fluorescent Cathepsin B substrate. Z-Arg-Arg-AMC hydrochloride can be hydrolyzed by Cathepsin B to produce a fluorescent product for enzyme activity detection.

Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC is a thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate for testing of thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) (Ex/Em = 390/480 nm).

Z-Ala-Ala-Asn-AMC (Cbz-Ala-Ala-Asn-AMC) is the legumain substrate. Overexpressed legumain in 293 HEK-Leg cells potently cleaved CBZ-Ala-Ala-Asn-AMC.

Ac-DEVD-AFC is a fluorogenic substrate (λ_ex=400 nm, λ_em=530 nm).

Ac-DEVD-AMC is a fluorescent substrate of caspase-3/caspase-7. When treating Ac-DEVD-AMC with cell lysate, Ac-DEVD-AMC releases amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) for fluorescence detection, with an excitation wavelength of 380 nm and an emission wavelength of 460 nm.

Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AMC acetate is a thrombin-specific fluorogenic substrate for testing of thrombin generation in PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) (Ex/Em = 390/480 nm).

Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-AMC acetate is a fluorogenic substrate for trypsin. Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-AMC acetate can also be used for measuring the proteolytic activity of TMPRSS2.

Gly-Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys-β-naphthylamide (GD4K-na) is a substrate for human enteropeptidase (K_m: 0.16 mM).

Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA is a fluorogenic peptide. Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA is used as the substrate to measure the enzymatic activities of protease forms. Dabcyl-KTSAVLQSGFRKME-Edans TFA has the potential for study 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) infection.

Z-Gly-Pro-Arg-AMC hydrochloride a fluorescent trypsin and cathepsin K substrate. Z-Gly-Pro-Arg-AMC hydrochloride can be used to determine trypsin and cathepsin K activity.