Pivalic acid
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Pivalic acid (Trimethylmethanecarboxylic acid) is a carboxylic acid. Pivalic acid induces Carnitine deficiency. Pivalic acid conjugated with Antibiotics, such as Pivmecillinam (HY-B0810) and Pivampicillin (HY-119011), are used in urinary tract infection. Pivalic acid can be used in physical exercise research.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 99.93%
- CAS No.: 75-98-9
- Formula: C5H10O2
- Molecular Weight:102.13
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Storage:
Store at room temperature 3 years.
In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Description
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hepatocyte | EC50 |
5.53 μM
Compound: 9
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Reduction of propionyl-CoA in human hepatocytes derived from propionic acidemia patient pretreated for 30 mins followed by 13C-isoleucine addition and measured after 1 hr by MS/MS analysis
Reduction of propionyl-CoA in human hepatocytes derived from propionic acidemia patient pretreated for 30 mins followed by 13C-isoleucine addition and measured after 1 hr by MS/MS analysis
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[PMID: 33848153] |
| K562 | IC50 |
4.5 mM
Compound: Pivalic acid
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Inhibition of cell growth against human myeloid leukemia K562(S) cells
Inhibition of cell growth against human myeloid leukemia K562(S) cells
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[PMID: 10560743] |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 75-98-9
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Appearance Solid-Liquid Mixture
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Molecular Weight 102.13
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Formula C5H10O2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
CC(C)(C)C(O)=O
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Synonyms
Trimethylmethanecarboxylic acid; Versatic 5 acid; tert-Pentanoic acid
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Store at room temperature 3 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (979.14 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (48.96 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (48.96 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (270 KB)
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SDS (476 KB)
- English - EN (476 KB)
- Français - FR (476 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (476 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (476 KB)
- Español - ES (476 KB)
- Swedish - SV (476 KB)
- Italian - IT (476 KB)
- Korean - KR (476 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (476 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 9.7914 mL | 48.9572 mL | 97.9144 mL | 244.7861 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.9583 mL | 9.7914 mL | 19.5829 mL | 48.9572 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.9791 mL | 4.8957 mL | 9.7914 mL | 24.4786 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.6528 mL | 3.2638 mL | 6.5276 mL | 16.3191 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.4896 mL | 2.4479 mL | 4.8957 mL | 12.2393 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.3917 mL | 1.9583 mL | 3.9166 mL | 9.7914 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.3264 mL | 1.6319 mL | 3.2638 mL | 8.1595 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.2448 mL | 1.2239 mL | 2.4479 mL | 6.1197 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1958 mL | 0.9791 mL | 1.9583 mL | 4.8957 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1632 mL | 0.8160 mL | 1.6319 mL | 4.0798 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.1224 mL | 0.6120 mL | 1.2239 mL | 3.0598 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0979 mL | 0.4896 mL | 0.9791 mL | 2.4479 mL |
Pivalic acid Related Classifications
HY-Y1150 Related Classifications
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Keywords
- Pivalic acid
- 75-98-9
- Trimethylmethanecarboxylic acid
- Versatic 5 acid
- tert-Pentanoic acid
- Antibiotic
- skeletal muscle glycogen consumption
- carnitine ester formation
- hepatic fatty acid oxidation
- healthy adults
- substrate metabolism
- carnitine deficiency
- left ventricular mass
- ketone body production
- urinary carnitine excretion
- bodily carnitine depletion
- Inhibitor
- inhibitor
- inhibit