Neurological Disease

Evans Blue (Direct Blue 53; T-1824; C.I. 23860) is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake via the membrane bound excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT). Evans Blue is a L-glutamate and kainate receptor-mediated currents inhibitor. Evans Blue has a strong affinity towards serum albumin, making it a high molecular weight protein tracer. Evans Blue is also used to study BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability.

Spermine is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Spermine is known to inhibit some bacterial cultures, especially strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Spermine can reversibly inhibits DNA synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells. Spermine is a polyamine nitric oxide donor that can provide nitric oxide to platelets and inhibit platelet activation to a certain extent concentration-dependently. Spermine occurs in mammalian tissues, plants, bacteria, ribosomes and bacteriophage. Spermine inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro.

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the CNS and an endogenous 5-HT receptor agonist. Serotonin is also a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor with a K_i of 44 μM.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research.

Sulfasalazine (NSC 667219) is an anti-rheumatic agent for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. Sulfasalazine can suppress NF-κB activity. Sulfasalazine is a type 1 ferroptosis inducer.

β-Aminopropionitrile (BAPN) is a specific, irreversible and orally active lysyl oxidase (LOX) inhibitor. β-Aminopropionitrile targets the active site of LOX or LOXL isoenzymes. β-Aminopropionitrile can be used for the study of obesity.

γ-Aminobutyric acid (4-Aminobutyric acid) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult mammalian brain, binding to the ionotropic GABA receptors (GABA_A receptors) and metabotropic receptors (GABA_B receptors. γ-Aminobutyric acid shows calming effect by blocking specific signals of central nervous system.

Coppersensor-1 (CS1) is a membrane-permeable fluorescent dye. Coppersensor-1 has a picomolar affinity for Cu⁺ with high selectivity over competing cellular metalions. Coppersensor-1 as a probe, can selective and sensitive detection of copper(I) ions (Cu⁺) in biological samples, including live cells. Coppersensor-1 can be used for the research of imaging of severe diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders and neurogenerative diseases.

Diphenyleneiodonium chloride is a NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor and also functions as a TRPA1 activator with an EC₅₀ of 1 to 3 μM. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride selectively inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species.

Tocilizumab (Anti-Human IL6R, Humanized Antibody) is an anti-human interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) neutralizing antibody, prevents binding of IL-6 to the IL-6R, thereby inhibiting both classic and trans-signaling. Tocilizumab (Anti-Human IL6R, Humanized Antibody) can be used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Tocilizumab is remarkablely effective for the study of severe COVID-19 (coronavirus disease).

NADH disodium salt (Disodium NADH) is an orally effective reduced coenzyme. NADH disodium salt plays a role in regenerating electron donors during cellular energy metabolism, including glycolysis, β-oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. NADH disodium salt regulates calcium homeostasis by promoting the opening of IP3-gated Ca²⁺ channels and inhibiting Ryanodine receptor, and affects mitochondrial function through direct interaction with VDAC. NADH disodium salt is used in cytoprotective studies related to cerebral ischemic injury, neurodegenerative diseases, aging, and signal transduction.

Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine inhibits the membrane aggregation of NINJ1 and prevents plasma membrane rupture during cell death. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis.

VER-155008 is an inhibitor of Hsp70, with IC₅₀s of 0.5 μM, 2.6 μM, and 2.6 μM for Hsp70, Hsc70 and Grp7, respectively, and with a K_d of 0.3 μM for Hsp70.

GSK8612 is a highly selective and potent Tank-binding Kinase-1 (TBK1) inhibitor, with a pIC₅₀ of 6.8 for recombinant TBK1.

Infliximab (Avakine) is a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody that specifically binds to TNF-α. Infliximab prevents the interaction of TNF-α with TNF-α receptor (TNFR1 and TNFR2). Infliximab has the potential for autoimmune, chronic inflammatory diseases and diabetic neuropathy research.
The component ratio of this product is Active ingredient : Excipients = 9 : 47.

β-Amyloid (1-42) (Amyloid β-peptide (1-42)), human, a 42-amino acid peptide that has not been treated with HFIP, is a brain-penetrant amyloid protein fragment, which can be used in research on Alzheimer's disease and Down’s syndrome. β-Amyloid (1-42), human remaining as a monomer exhibits antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. β-Amyloid (1-42), human, after being monomericized by HFIP and dissolved in DMSO to form the stock solution, on the one hand, can form soluble oligomers (AβOs) when incubated at 4 °C, which have synaptic toxicity and neurotoxicity; on the other hand, it can be incubated at 37 °C to form insoluble fibrils, with lower neurotoxicity, and participating in the oxidative damage process. Aβ42 oligomers bind to various neuronal surface receptors (such as PrPc, mGluR5, NMDA receptors, etc.), triggering oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis imbalance, and synaptic toxicity via activating downstream signaling pathways, leading to neuronal dysfunction and death.

Tocofersolan is synthetic polyethylene glycol derivative of α-tocopherol. Tocofersolan is an orally active and water-soluble analog of vitamin E. Tocofersolan can reduce neurobehavioral deficits in zebrafish embryos exposed to moderate and high concentrations of BaP during early development. Tocofersolan shows antioxidant activity. Tocofersolan can be used to provide an orally bioavailable source of vitamin E.

Valproic acid (Sodium Valproate) sodium is an orally active HDAC inhibitor, with IC₅₀ in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM, also inhibits HDAC1 (IC₅₀, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid sodium activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid sodium is used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic disease, HIV infection and prevention of migraine headaches.

L-DOPA (Levodopa) is an orally active metabolic precursor of neurotransmitters dopamine. L-DOPA can cross the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine in the brain. L-DOPA has anti-allodynic effects and the potential for Parkinson's disease.

Oxidopamine (6-OHDA) hydrochloride is an antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Oxidopamine hydrochloride is a widely used neurotoxin and selectively destroys dopaminergic neurons. Oxidopamine hydrochloride promotes COX-2 activation, leading to PGE₂ synthesis and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β secretion. Oxidopamine hydrochloride can be used for the research of Parkinson’s disease (PD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.