PPAR
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating gene expression. There are three main isoforms: PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, each with distinct tissue distribution and biological roles. PPARα is primarily expressed in liver, heart, and muscle, where it regulates fatty acid oxidation and lipid metabolism[1]. PPARβ/δ is widely expressed and involved in energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, and inflammation modulation[1]. PPARγ is highly expressed in adipose tissue and plays a central role in adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid storage[2].
References:
- [1]. Man versus microbe. Nat Med. 2004 Dec;10(12 Suppl):S69. doi: 10.1038/nm1149. PMID: 15577933; PMCID: PMC7096048. et al. Nat Med. 2004 Dec;10(12 Suppl):S69. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Kiros M, et al. Trends in HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance and HIV-1 variant dynamics among antiretroviral therapy-naive Ethiopians from 2003 to 2018: a pooled sequence analysis. Virol J. 2023 Oct 25;20(1):243. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Brent J, et al. Fomepizole for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning. Methylpyrazole for Toxic Alcohols Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1999 Mar 18;340(11):832-8. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Liu Y, et al. Neuron-mediated generation of regulatory T cells from encephalitogenic T cells suppresses EAE. Nat Med. 2006 May;12(5):518-25. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Paranjape AN, et al. Introduction of SV40ER and hTERT into mammospheres generates breast cancer cells with stem cell properties. Oncogene. 2012 Apr 12;31(15):1896-909. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Iancu-Rubin C, et al. Whirling Platelets Away for Transfusion. Cell. 2018 Jul 26;174(3):503-504. [Content Brief]
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PPAR Related Products (400)
Related Products (400)
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Naveglitazar
0 ImagesSynonyms: LY519818Naveglitazar (LY519818) is a nonthiozolidinedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α-γ dual, γ-dominant agonist that has shown glucose-lowering potential in animal models.
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Caudatin (Standard)
0 ImagesCaudatin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Caudatin (HY-N1983). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Caudatin is an orally active and brain-penetrant C-21 steroidal found in Cynanchum bungei decne with a variety of biological activities. Caudatin can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cause cell phase arrest, induce apoptosis, autophagy, ROS prodution and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Caudatin activates PARP, caspase-3, -7, -9, upregulates pro-apoptotic Bad and Bax and downregulates anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Caudatin suppresses VEGF, FAK phosphorylation, upregulates p21, p27, DR5 protein expression, activates the p38 MAPK, JNK and PPARα/TFEB-mediated autophagy-lysosomal signaling pathways. Caudatin can be used for the research of cancer, inflammation and neurological disease, such as glioma and Alzheimer's disease.
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Rosiglitazone-d3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-17386SCAS No.: 1132641-22-5Rosiglitazone-d3 is the deuterium labeled Rosiglitazone. Rosiglitazone (BRL 49653) is a selective, orally active PPARγ agonist with EC50s of 30 nM, 100 nM and 60 nM for PPARγ1, PPARγ2, and PPARγ, respectively. Rosiglitazone binds to PPARγ with a Kd of approximately 40 nM. Rosiglitazone is also an activator of TRPC5 (EC50=~30 μM) and an inhibitor of TRPM3.
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PPARγ agonist 11
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-116468CAS No.: 1143573-33-4PPARγ agonist 11 (compound 20) is a selective agonist of PPARγ (EC50: 0.1 μM).
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PPARD Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-RS10922PPARD Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for PPARD gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.
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Timcodar
0 ImagesSynonyms: VX-853Timcodar is a macrolide agent, and studies have shown that during adipogenesis, timcodar can significantly inhibit fat accumulation, with an effect similar to that of rapamycin. However, unlike rapamycin, timcodar does not cause immunosuppression and glucose resistance. In addition, timcodar can effectively inhibit the adipogenic transcriptional regulators PPAR?? and C/EBP??, thereby inhibiting genes involved in fat accumulation. These studies lay the foundation for timcodar as a potential anti-obesity therapy, as obesity is becoming a global epidemic.
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Pioglitazone-d4 (alkyl)
0 ImagesPioglitazone-d4 (alkyl) (U 72107-d4 (alkyl)) is the deuterium labeled Pioglitazone. Pioglitazone (U 72107) is a potent and selective PPARγ agonist with high affinity binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with EC50 of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively.
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Asperosaponin VI (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Akebia saponin D (Standard)Asperosaponin VI (Standard) is the analytical standard of Asperosaponin VI. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Asperosaponin VI is a saponin component from Dipsacus asper. Asperosaponin VI induces osteoblast differentiation through the BMP-2/p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Asperosaponin VI protects against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt and CREB pathways. Additionally, Asperosaponin VI also has antidepressant and wound-healing-promoting activities.
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Sodium propionate-d3
0 ImagesSodium propionate-d3 is the deuterium labeled Propionate sodium (HY-B1773A). Sodium propionate is an orally active short-chain fatty acid. Sodium propionate can be produced by intestinal bacteria from the metabolism of dietary fiber. Sodium propionate increases PPAR-γ, inhibits NF-κB activation, and reduces COX-2 expression and NO production. Sodium propionate also induces Apoptosis and Autophagy. Sodium propionate reduces HSV-1-induced keratitis. Sodium propionate has anticancer effects against glioblastoma. Sodium propionate exhibits neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Sodium propionate can be used in the research of spinal cord injury and Alzheimer's disease.
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(10E,12E)-9-Oxo-10,12-octadecadienoic acid
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N9768CAS No.: 54232-58-5Synonyms: 9-oxo-ODA(10E,12E)-9-Oxo-10,12-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxo-ODA) is a PPARα agonist that can be isolated from the basidiomycete Gomphus floccosus. (10E,12E)-9-Oxo-10,12-octadecadienoic acid enhances fatty acid oxidation through PPARα activation, thereby inhibiting triglyceride accumulation. (10E,12E)-9-Oxo-10,12-octadecadienoic acid also has antifungal (Fungal) activity.
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Procyanidin C2
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-N7521CAS No.: 37064-31-6Synonyms: Procyanidine C2Procyanidin C2 (Procyanidine C2) is a lipid metabolism regulator and antioxidant with free radical scavenging activity. Procyanidin C2 down-regulates ACC, SREBP-1c, FAS, SCD-1 and PPARγ. Procyanidin C2 increases the level of phosphorylated AMPKα and inhibits the level of phosphorylated mTOR. Procyanidin C2 reduces lipid accumulation, alleviates oxidative stress, enhances fatty acid oxidation and improves mitochondrial function. Procyanidin C2 can be used in the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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9-HEPE
0 Images9-HEPE, a oxidation product of Eicosapentaenoic acid, is a racemic mixture of 9(R)-HEPE and 9(S)-HEPE. 9-HEPE induces fatty acid oxidation, adipogenesis, and glucose uptake via activation of PPARs in vivo.
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Raspberry ketone (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: Frambione (Standard); 4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (Standard)Raspberry ketone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Raspberry ketone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Raspberry ketone is a major aromatic compound of red raspberry, widely used as a fragrance in cosmetics and as a flavoring agent in foodstuff; also shows PPAR-α agonistic activity.
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Sodium propionate-d5
0 ImagesSodium propionate-d5 is the deuterium labeled Propionate sodium (HY-B1773A). Sodium propionate is an orally active short-chain fatty acid. Sodium propionate can be produced by intestinal bacteria from the metabolism of dietary fiber. Sodium propionate increases PPAR-γ, inhibits NF-κB activation, and reduces COX-2 expression and NO production. Sodium propionate also induces Apoptosis and Autophagy. Sodium propionate reduces HSV-1-induced keratitis. Sodium propionate has anticancer effects against glioblastoma. Sodium propionate exhibits neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Sodium propionate can be used in the research of spinal cord injury and Alzheimer's disease.
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Seladelpar (lysine)
0 ImagesSynonyms: MBX-8025 (lysine); RWJ-800025 (lysine)Seladelpar (MBX-8025) lysine is an orally active, potent and specific PPARδ agonist with an EC50 of 2 nM. Seladelpar lysine shows more than 750-fold and 2500-fold selectivity over the PPARα and PPARγ receptors, respectively. Seladelpar lysine can be used for the study of primary biliary cholangitis.
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GW 501516 (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: GW 1516 (Standard); GSK-516 (Standard)GW 501516 (Standard) is the analytical standard of GW 501516. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. GW 501516 (GW 1516) is a PPARδ agonist with an EC50 of 1.1 nM.
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5-Aminosalicylic acid-13C6 hydrochloride
0 ImagesSynonyms: Mesalamine-13C6 hydrochloride; 5-ASA-13C6 hydrochloride; Mesalazine-13C6 hydrochloride5-Aminosalicylic acid-13C6 hydrochloride?(Mesalamine-13C6 hydrochloride; 5-ASA-13C6 hydrochloride; Mesalazine-13C6 hydrochloride) is the 13C labeled 5-Aminosalicylic Acidhydrochloride. 5-Aminosalicylic acid-13C6 hydrochloride?acts as a PPARγ agonist, and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB.
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Naveglitazar racemate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-U00036CAS No.: 916085-47-7Synonyms: LY519818 racemateNaveglitazar racemate (LY519818 racemate) is the racemate of Naveglitazar. Naveglitazar is a nonthiozolidinedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α-γ dual, γ-dominant agonist that has shown glucose-lowering potential in animal models.
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Pioglitazone (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: U 72107 (Standard)Pioglitazone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pioglitazone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pioglitazone (U 72107) is an orally active and selective PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) agonist with high affinity binding to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with EC50 of 0.93 and 0.99 μM for human and mouse PPARγ, respectively. Pioglitazone can be used in diabetes research.
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Triumbelletin
0 ImagesTriumbelletin is a tricoumarin rhamnopyranoside that can be found in Daphne mezereum.
