Atropine
Based on 27 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Atropine (Tropine tropate) is a competitive muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist with IC50 values of 0.39 and 0.71 nM for Human mAChR M4 and Chicken mAChR M4, respectively. Atropine inhibits ACh-induced relaxations in human pulmonary veins. Atropine can be used for research of anti-myopia and bradycardia.
Nur für Forschungszwecke. Wir verkaufen nicht an Patienten.
- Reinheit: 99.85%
- CAS. Nr.: 51-55-8
- Formel: C17H23NO3
- Molecular Weight:289.38
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Speicherung:
-20°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (stored under nitrogen)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biologische Aktivität
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Chemical Information
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Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- Reinheit & Dokumentation
- Verweise
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Atropine
More- Cell. 2025 Nov 26;188(24):6754-6773.e29. [Abstract]
- Cell Metab. 2022 Dec 6;34(12):1999-2017.e10. [Abstract]
- Cell Stem Cell. 2026 May 15:S1934-5909(26)00158-X. [Abstract]
- Kidney Int. 2026 Jan 19:S0085-2538(26)00008-6. [Abstract]
- Cell Discov. 2023 Feb 7;9(1):16. [Abstract]
- Neuron. 2022 Nov 16;110(22):3774-3788.e7. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2025 Dec 5;11(49):eadw7972. [Abstract]
- Small. 2026 Jan 21:e06988. [Abstract]
- J Neuroinflammation. 2026 May 25. [Abstract]
- J Hazard Mater. 2024 Nov 5:479:135690. [Abstract]
- J Hazard Mater. 2024 Mar 5:465:133248. [Abstract]
- Food Chem. 2022 Nov 30:395:133593. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2025 Jan 23;23(1):112. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2026 Mar 24;45(3):117086. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2022 Mar 8;38(10):110468. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117192. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2024 Nov 15:983:176954. [Abstract]
- Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jul 31:11:1038. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2024 Nov 1;327(5):F885-F898. [Abstract]
- Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2025 Apr 7. [Abstract]
- Vet Microbiol. 2026 May:316:110992. [Abstract]
- Arch Oral Biol. 2023 Jan:145:105586. [Abstract]
- Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2020 Oct;98(10):725-732. [Abstract]
- J Biosci. 2021:46:90. [Abstract]
- Research Square Print. 2023 Feb 7.
- Research Square Print. December 16th, 2022.
- Research Square Preprint. 2022 Mar.
Customer Validation & Images
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Histological Imaging/Staining
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WB
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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WB
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
Alle Endogenous Metabolite Isoform-spezifische Produkte anzeigen
More
Biologische Aktivität
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mAChR4 |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| HEK293 | IC50 |
12.2 μM
Compound: atropine
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Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells by confocal microscopy
Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells by confocal microscopy
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[PMID: 18788725] |
Atropine (Tropine tropate; 1 μM; pulmonary veins and arteries) inhibits ACh-induced relaxations in human pulmonary veins[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:White-footed mice (Peromyscus sp.)[2]
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Dosage:10 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection; once, for 40 minutes
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Result:Increased heart rate was a decrease in cardiac arrhythmia.
Chemical Information
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CAS. Nr. 51-55-8
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 289.38
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Formel C17H23NO3
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(O[C@@H]1C[C@@H](N2C)CC[C@@H]2C1)C(CO)C3=CC=CC=C3
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Synonyms
Tropine tropate; DL-Hyoscyamine
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Versand
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Speicherung
-20°C, stored under nitrogen
* In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (stored under nitrogen)
Publications (27)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell
2025 Nov 26;188(24):6754-6773.e29. PMID: 41138728 -
Cell Metab
Cancer cells co-opt nociceptive nerves to thrive in nutrient-poor environments and upon nutrient-starvation therapies. [Abstract]2022 Dec 6;34(12):1999-2017.e10. PMID: 36395769 -
Cell Stem Cell
Human PSC-derived sinoatrial node-cardiac plexus assembloids model innervation-associated maturation of pacemaker systems. [Abstract]2026 May 15:S1934-5909(26)00158-X. PMID: 42143017 -
Kidney Int
2026 Jan 19:S0085-2538(26)00008-6. PMID: 41565024 -
Cell Discov
2023 Feb 7;9(1):16. PMID: 36746933 -
Neuron
2022 Nov 16;110(22):3774-3788.e7. PMID: 36130594 -
Sci Adv
EphB1-NR2B receptor signaling in glutamatergic neurons of the ventroposteromedial thalamic nucleus regulates emergence from anesthesia. [Abstract]2025 Dec 5;11(49):eadw7972. PMID: 41348875 -
Small
A Balloon Electrochemical Sensor for Conformal Interfacing With Intestinal Wall and Real-Time Monitoring of Serotonin Release. [Abstract]2026 Jan 21:e06988. PMID: 41563114 -
J Neuroinflammation
PVNOXT regulates acinar cell-mediated inflammatory response via DMVACh projections to the acinar cell. [Abstract]2026 May 25. PMID: 42186091 -
J Hazard Mater
β-ionone inhibits the grazing of Daphnia sinensis by reducing the activity of acetylcholinesterase. [Abstract]2024 Nov 5:479:135690. PMID: 39255669 -
J Hazard Mater
β-cyclocitral, a novel AChE inhibitor, contributes to the defense of Microcystis aeruginosa against Daphnia grazing. [Abstract]2024 Mar 5:465:133248. PMID: 38147752 -
Food Chem
Screening of bioactive flavour compounds targeting muscarinic-3 acetylcholine receptor from Siraitia grosvenorii and evaluation of their synergistic anti-asthmatic activity. [Abstract]2022 Nov 30:395:133593. PMID: 35792488 -
J Transl Med
Increased nerve density adversely affects outcome in colorectal cancer and denervation suppresses tumor growth. [Abstract]2025 Jan 23;23(1):112. PMID: 39849539 -
Cell Rep
2026 Mar 24;45(3):117086. PMID: 41831232 -
Cell Rep
Moderate heart rate reduction promotes cardiac regeneration through stimulation of the metabolic pattern switch. [Abstract]2022 Mar 8;38(10):110468. PMID: 35263588 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Cholinergic signaling of muscarinic receptors directly involves in the neuroprotection of muscone by inducing Ca2+ antagonism and maintaining mitochondrial function. [Abstract]2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117192. PMID: 37734472
Atropine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117192. [Abstract]
Atropine (0.5 mg/kg; ip). Representative images of TTC-stained brain coronal sections of rats.
Atropine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117192. [Abstract]
Atropine (0.5 mg/kg; ip). Western blot results of signal pathways.
Atropine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117192. [Abstract]
Atropine (0.5 mg/kg; ip). Statistical results of neurological score by mNSS.
Atropine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 2):117192. [Abstract]
Atropine (0.5 mg/kg; ip). Statistical results of Western blot in AKT/p-AKT.
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Eur J Pharmacol
Activation of Piezo1 channels enhances spontaneous contractions of isolated human bladder strips via acetylcholine release from the mucosa. [Abstract]2024 Nov 15:983:176954. PMID: 39237075
Atropine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Eur J Pharmacol. 2024 Nov 15:983:176954. [Abstract]
Yoda1-induced ATP release was significantly attenuated in the presence of Atropine (1 μM).
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Front Pharmacol
Eye Drops of Metformin Prevents Fibrosis After Glaucoma Filtration Surgery in Rats via Activating AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2020 Jul 31:11:1038. PMID: 32903813 -
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
Anatomic and functional evidence for renal autonomic innervation in normotensive and hypertensive rats. [Abstract]2024 Nov 1;327(5):F885-F898. PMID: 39298550 -
Cardiovasc Drugs Ther
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Ameliorates Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Through Regulating Macrophage Polarization Mediated by Alpha7nAChR. [Abstract]2025 Apr 7. PMID: 40193005 -
Vet Microbiol
The Chinese medicine monomer Schisandrin C inhibits PRRSV infection by regulating the OGT-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 May:316:110992. PMID: 41865607 -
Arch Oral Biol
Parasympathetic-macrophages-ductal epithelial cells axis promotes female rat submandibular gland regeneration after excretory duct ligation/deligation. [Abstract]2023 Jan:145:105586. PMID: 36410162 -
Can J Physiol Pharmacol
2020 Oct;98(10):725-732. PMID: 32516556 -
J Biosci
M1 macrophages-derived exosomes miR-34c-5p regulates interstitial cells of Cajal through targeting SCF. [Abstract]2021:46:90. PMID: 34544909 -
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Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
DMSO : ≥ 96.6 mg/mL (333.82 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 2.9 mg/mL (10.02 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Konzentration (Stammlösung) × Volumen (Stammlösung) = Konzentration (Ziellösung) × Volumen (Ziellösung)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.19 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.19 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL. * In solvent : -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (stored under nitrogen)
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
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Data Sheet (277 KB)
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SDS (480 KB)
- English - EN (480 KB)
- Français - FR (480 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (480 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (480 KB)
- Español - ES (480 KB)
- Swedish - SV (480 KB)
- Italian - IT (480 KB)
- Korean - KR (480 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (480 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
Verweise
[1]. McBrien NA, et, al. How does atropine exert its anti-myopia effects? Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2013 May;33(3):373-8. [Content Brief]
[2]. Morhardt JE. Heart rates, breathing rates and the effects of atropine and acetylcholine on white-footed mice (Peromyscus sp.) during daily torpor. Comp Biochem Physiol. 1970 Mar 15;33(2):441-57. [Content Brief]
[3]. Carr BJ, et, al. Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018 Jun 1;59(7):2778-2791. [Content Brief]
[4]. Walch L, et, al. Evidence for a M(1) muscarinic receptor on the endothelium of human pulmonary veins. Br J Pharmacol. 2000 May;130(1):73-8. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.4557 mL | 17.2783 mL | 34.5566 mL | 86.3916 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6911 mL | 3.4557 mL | 6.9113 mL | 17.2783 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3456 mL | 1.7278 mL | 3.4557 mL | 8.6392 mL | |
| DMSO | 15 mM | 0.2304 mL | 1.1519 mL | 2.3038 mL | 5.7594 mL |
| 20 mM | 0.1728 mL | 0.8639 mL | 1.7278 mL | 4.3196 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1382 mL | 0.6911 mL | 1.3823 mL | 3.4557 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1152 mL | 0.5759 mL | 1.1519 mL | 2.8797 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0864 mL | 0.4320 mL | 0.8639 mL | 2.1598 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0691 mL | 0.3456 mL | 0.6911 mL | 1.7278 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0576 mL | 0.2880 mL | 0.5759 mL | 1.4399 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0432 mL | 0.2160 mL | 0.4320 mL | 1.0799 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0346 mL | 0.1728 mL | 0.3456 mL | 0.8639 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Atropine Related Classifications
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