Phaeosphaeride A

Phaeosphaeride A (>50 μM; 48 h) shows low cytotoxicity against A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells, with an IC₅₀ >50 μM^[1].
Phaeosphaeride A (10 μM; 1 h) activates Akt, CREB, JNK, p38, STAT3, and STAT5 signaling pathways in A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells, while not significantly affecting ERK1/2 activation^[1].
Phaeosphaeride A inhibits STAT3-DNA binding in a cell-free assay with an IC₅₀ of 0.61 mM and inhibits proliferation of STAT3-dependent U266 cells with an IC₅₀ of 6.7 μM^[3].
Phaeosphaeride A (6.25-100 μM; 30 min) inhibits IL-6-induced STAT3^Tyr-705 phosphorylation in HeLa cells with an IC₅₀ of 13.5 μM^[3].
Phaeosphaeride A inhibits proliferation of HeLa cells with an IC₅₀ of 8.8 μM and MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC₅₀ of 29.7 μM^[3].
Phaeosphaeride A (0.1-10 μg/mL) retains anti-proliferative activity against HeLa cells after washout, supporting its ability to form covalent bonds with cellular targets^[3].
Phaeosphaeride A selectively inhibits STAT3 DNA binding (IC₅₀ = 0.61 mM) in cell lysate assays, with minimal activity against STAT1 and no activity against STAT5, and is active against STAT3 from HepG2 cells^[4].
Phaeosphaeride A inhibits the growth of STAT3-dependent U266 multiple myeloma cells (IC₅₀ = 6.7 μM) and exhibits low micromolar activity against STAT3-independent K562 cells^[4].
Phaeosphaeride A (67-84 µM; 48 h) induces necrotic lesions ≥2 mm in size on wounded leaf discs of Cirsium arvense at 67 µM and wounded leaf segments of Elytrigia repens after 48 hours of incubation^[5].
Phaeosphaeride A (335 µM; 48 h) exhibits non-selective phytotoxic activity at 335 µM, inducing necrotic lesions on all 10 tested plant species after 48 hours of incubation, with the strongest activity on Triticum aestivum and Elytrigia repens^[5].
Phaeosphaeride A (0.335-335 µM; 1-hour soak, followed by 48-hour incubation) inhibits root growth of Raphanus sativus (radish), Lactuca sativa (lettuce), and Cichorium intybus (chicory) seedlings by up to ~58% at 335 µM, with selective activity against radish at the lower concentration of 33.5 µM^[5].\n\nWait, correction: the original text uses common names "radish, lettuce, and chicory" without scientific Latin names, so I should not add the scientific names. Let me correct that to follow the zero content alteration rule strictly:\n\nPhaeosphaeride A (0.335-335 µM; 1-hour soak, followed by 48-hour incubation) inhibits root growth of radish, lettuce, and chicory seedlings by up to ~58% at 335 µM, with selective activity against radish at the lower concentration of 33.5 µM^[5].
Phaeosphaeride A (40 µM; 3 h) is weakly zootoxic, inhibiting movement in 40% of Paramecium caudatum at 40 µM after 3 hours of incubation^[5].
Phaeosphaeride A (48 h) shows increased phytotoxicity on wounded vs. intact Cirsium arvense leaf discs, and its activity is significantly enhanced by adjuvants Hasten (0.1% v/v) and Biopower (0.1% v/v) when dissolved in either 5% DMSO or 5% EtOH, after 48 hours of incubation^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.