Phospholipids

1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (LysoPE 18:1) is a lysophosphatidylethanolamine molecule involved in phospholipid metabolism, targeting cell membrane receptors (such as G protein-coupled receptors) to regulate cell signaling pathways. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine may activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, promote cell migration, regulate inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism, and has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine is mainly used in the screening of biomarkers for metabolic diseases (such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity), as well as the study of the mechanism of lysophospholipids in cell membrane homeostasis and signal transduction.

1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE (1,2-POPE; 16:0-18:1 PE) is a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) lipid. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE can induce lipid bilayer to form a hexagonal phase (HII) structure in an acidic environment and promote membrane fusion. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE can enhance the endosomal escape ability of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and improve the cellular delivery efficiency of nucleic acid drugs such as mRNA. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE can be used for LNP carrier targeting of gene therapy and mRNA vaccines.

POPG (sodium) is a negatively charged phospholipid. POPG (sodium) affects the interactions of membrane proteins with other molecules by changing the charge characteristics of the lipid environment. POPG (sodium) increases the apparent affinity of Gαq and Gβ₁γ₁ for activated NTS1. POPG (sodium) can interact with the positive charge of peptides. POPG sodium salt can be used in Parkinson's disease research.

1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (DSPE) is a phosphoethanolamine (PE) lipid that can be used in the synthesis of liposomes.

DPPG (UV radiation exposure) suffers cleavage of C―O, C=O and -PO2- bonds and loses monolayer stability; when DNA exists in the subphase, ionic degradation products from DPPG and DNA stabilize intact DPPG molecules and mitigate UV irradiation damage.

Hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine (hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine) is a natural product. Hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine can extend drug release in regard to drug loading and solubility for oral drug delivery of watersoluble drugs.

1,2-DLPC (1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is a ligand for LRH-1 agonists. 1,2-DLPC is a phospholipid used in the synthesis of liposomes. 1,2-DLPC enhances fat breakdown and apoptosis in fat cells through a TNFα-dependent pathway, while also inhibiting palmitate-induced insulin resistance through PPARα-mediated inflammation in muscle cells.

C24-Ceramide is an orally active competitive binding agonist of PIP4K2C (mTOR complex regulator), thereby activating the mTOR signaling pathway. At the same time, C24-Ceramide changes the membrane morphology by inducing the formation of a partially interlocked gel phase in the phospholipid bilayer. C24-Ceramide can promote the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes to accelerate skin wound healing and drive the proliferation and metastasis of gallbladder cancer cells. The level of C24-Ceramide in serum can be used as a diagnostic marker for gallbladder cancer.

18:0 LYSO-PE is a lysophospholipid that can induce [Ca²⁺]_i increase.

18:1 Cardiolipin disodium is a lipid. 18:1 Cardiolipin disodium exhibits functional specificity for MgtA: it maximizes the ATPase activity of MgtA through synergistic binding with Cardiolipin 16:0, and thermostabilizes MgtA. 18:1 Cardiolipin disodium can be used in studies of bacterial infections.

SOPC (PC (18:0/18:1)) is a phosphatidylcholine lipid, which is an unsaturated phospholipid containing a cis double bond. When SOPC binds to Imatinib (HY-15463), Imatinib easily penetrates into its unsaturated liposome bilayer structure, and SOPC forms ordered, larger parallel stripe domains.

Lyso-PAF C-16 is a precursor and metabolite of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PAF C-16). Lyso-PAF C-16 is a substrate for either PAF C-16 formation by the remodeling pathway or selective acylation with arachidonic acid by a CoA-independent transacylase.

DPhPC is a phospholipid compound characterized by high mechanical and chemical stability, broad temperature phase stability, and high electrical resistance. DPhPC readily forms unilamellar vesicles and solid-supported bilayers. DPhPC is commonly used as a component of nanoliposomal drug carriers or as a model membrane material for studies on membrane proteins/ion channels.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate sodium (compound 3-F7) is a phosphatidic acid and a human endogenous metabolite. It is used in the generation of micelles, liposomes, and artificial membranes.

Edelfosine (ET-18-OCH3) is an orally active lipid raft modulator and apoptosis inducer that alters membrane fluidity and preferentially inserts into tumor cell membranes. Edelfosine recruits death receptor ligands (FasL/CD95L, TRAIL) and Bid to lipid rafts to form death-inducing signaling complexes, thereby initiating mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and inducing cytochrome c release. Edelfosine also exerts anti-inflammatory effects, promotes L-Selectin shedding, and causes no gastrointestinal or organ toxicity. In addition, Edelfosine inhibits nucleic acid and protein synthesis in Leishmania donovani and exhibits antiproliferative activity. Edelfosine can be used in research on multiple myeloma, inflammatory bowel diseases (such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), and visceral leishmaniasis.

18:0-18:2 PE (1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine) is a glycerophospholipid compound and an essential component of biological cell membranes. 18:0-18:2 PE possesses biological activities including regulation of phospholipid metabolism, antioxidant activity, maintenance of cell membrane fluidity, immune protection, and regulation of signaling pathways. 18:0-18:2 PE in the hot processing process, its unsaturated fatty acids will degrade to form a variety of odor active compounds. 18:0-18:2 PE can be applied in food processing and research on phospholipid metabolism-related diseases.

1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PS sodium (16:0-18:1 PS (POPS)) is an anionic phosphatidylserine phospholipid with 16:0 (palmitoyl) and 18:1 (oleoyl) acyl chains. It serves as a component of biomimetic inner plasma membrane models and membrane vesicles for hemostatic response studies. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PS sodium regulates membrane electrical properties by forming tethered bilayer lipid membranes. It enhances the stability of sHDL particles without altering the cholesterol efflux capacity of sHDL. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PS sodium acts synergistically with phosphatidylcholine to support prothrombin activation. It serves as a component of the 4:1 POPC/POPS binary lipid bilayer model. 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PS sodium is applicable to research related to atherosclerosis.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine is a phospholipid that is a major component of the lipid bilayer that surrounds cells and provides stability to the membrane.

N-palmitoyl-D-sphingomyelin (sphingomyelin 16:0) is a component of LDL-carrying liposomes. N-palmitoyl-D-sphingomyelin can be used in colorectal cancer research.

DMPG sodium is a biochemical reagent. DMPG sodium is used as a liposome carrier to load 6-shogaol (HY-14616) with anticancer activity.