Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Tripotassium phosphate is a Bactericid with bactericidal activity primarily against Gram-negative bacteria. Tripotassium phosphate reduces the population counts of Enterobacteriaceae and Campylobacter in poultry skin rinsates. Tripotassium phosphate fails to reduce the population count of Enterococcus in poultry skin rinsates.

Anti-Mouse TIM-3 Antibody (B8.2C12) is an anti-mouse TIM-3 IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse TIM-3 Antibody (B8.2C12) can block the binding of Tim-3 with Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and CEACAM1 without interfering with the binding to Galectin-9. Anti-Mouse TIM-3 Antibody (B8.2C12) can inhibit tumor growth and activate tumor infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells. Anti-Mouse TIM-3 Antibody (B8.2C12) can be used for studying cancer such as breast cancer and colon cancer and constructing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) models.

Meropenem (trihydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Meropenem (trihydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Meropenem trihydrate (SM 7338 trihydrate) is a carbapenem antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Meropenem trihydrate has activity against susceptible and resistant N. gonorrhoeae (MIC value of 0.02-0.06 mg/mL), H. influenzae (MIC value of 0.03-0.12 mg/mL), and H. ducreyi (MIC value of 0.015-0.12 mg/mL).

Scopolamine butylbromide (Hyoscine butylbromide) is an orally active anticholinergic agent and spasmolytic. Scopolamine butylbromide binds with high affinity to rat cardiac M2 (K_i 83 nmol/L), hM2 (K_i 233 nmol/L), rat intestinal M3 (K_i 290 nmol/L) and hM3 (K_i 643 nmol/L) muscarinic receptors. Scopolamine butylbromide exerts a dose-dependent antagonistic effect on Carbachol-induced gastrointestinal smooth muscle spasm. Scopolamine butylbromide can be used for the research of abdominal colic and pain associated with gastrointestinal spasm, functional abdominal pain, chronic gastropathy and gastric ulcer.

Carabrone is a sesquiterpene found in the fruits of Carpesium abrotanoides and acts as a STAT3 inhibitor (K_d = 25.23 nM) with antibacterial, antitumor, and orally active properties. Carabrone covalently binds to UBE2D3 via Cys85 (K_d = 3.85 μM) and inhibits IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB signaling. Carabrone induces ROS accumulation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation, and metacaspase-1-mediated apoptosis in fungi. Carabrone ameliorates autoimmune encephalomyelitis and MASH in vivo, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines without immunotoxicity. Carabrone is used in research related to autoimmune encephalomyelitis, steatohepatitis, and fungal infections.

MOG (35-55), human is a synthetic encephalitogenic peptide fragment (residues 35-55) of human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, and also serves as a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide epitope. MOG (35-55), human induces mild central nervous system inflammation in mice, but does not trigger demyelinating lesions, only causing mild clinical neurological symptoms. MOG (35-55) induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse models that recapitulate the features of optic neuritis, multiple sclerosis, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated diseases, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

Cefamandole (Cephamandole) sodium is a semi-synthetic second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Cefamandole sodium is resistant to hydrolysis by β-lactamases produced by some Gram-negative bacteria. Cefamandole sodium kills Gram-positive cocci and various Gram-negative bacilli mainly by inhibiting cell wall synthesis, but it is inactive against Pseudomonas, Proteus vulgaris and Providencia stuartii, and its efficacy is affected by inoculum size. The plasma elimination half-life of Cefamandole sodium in rats is only 0.4 h, it is mainly excreted in urine in biologically active form, and it hardly penetrates the non-inflamed blood-brain barrier. Cefamandole sodium is widely used in studies related to bacterial infections.

Thymol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Thymol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Thymol is a TRPA1 agonist. Thymol induces cancer cell apoptosis. Thymol is the main monoterpene phenol occurring in essential oils isolated from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and other plants such as those belonging to the Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae and Apiaceae families. Thymol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal effects.

Ceftazidime (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ceftazidime. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ceftazidime (GR20263), an antibiotic, has a broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria. Ceftazidime is also active against Enterobacteriaceae (including β-lactamase-positive strains) and is resistant to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases.

Ceftazidime (pentahydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ceftazidime (pentahydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ceftazidime (GR20263) pentahydrate , an antibiotic, has a broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria. Ceftazidime pentahydrate is also active against Enterobacteriaceae (including β-lactamase-positive strains) and is resistant to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases.

Anti-Mouse DKK3 Antibody (DKK3-4.22) is an anti-mouse DKK3 IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse DKK3 Antibody (DKK3-4.22) can improve kidney function and increases T cell infiltration. Anti-Mouse DKK3 Antibody (DKK3-4.22) can reduce skin inflammation by blocking the immunosuppressive function of DKK3. Anti-Mouse DKK3 Antibody (DKK3-4.22) can be used for researches on inflammation conditions such as unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Crisdesalazine (AAD-2004) is a microsomal prostaglandin E₂ synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitor. Crisdesalazine acts as a potent free radical scavenger that directly neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide, exerting neuroprotective effects against apoptosis and axonal damage. Crisdesalazine inhibits PGE₂ production, mediates inflammatory responses, and promotes the conversion of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Crisdesalazine is applicable to neuroprotection research in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury.

Anti-Mouse IL-17A Antibody (BZN035) is an antibody targeting mouse IL-17A, which binds to and neutralizes the activity of mouse IL-17A. Anti-Mouse IL-17A Antibody (BZN035) alleviates motor symptoms in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and prevents atrophy of their retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer. Anti-Mouse IL-17A Antibody (BZN035) is applicable to research related to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The recommended isotype control is Mouse IgG2a kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99978).

α-Copaene is a potent attractant for male Mediterranean fruit flies Ceratitis capitata.α-Copaene can be found as a minor component in the essential oils of various plant species. α-Copaene can inhibit bacterial growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5-1 μL/mL. α-Copaene suppresses biofilm formation by decreasing the hydrophobicity of the cell surface. α-Copaene can be used as an oviposition promoter of Bactrocera oleae.

Cadrofloxacin (Caderofloxacin; CS-940) is an orally active antibacterial agent with significant bactericidal activity against quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. Cadrofloxacin effectively improves systemic infection and experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in mice. Cadrofloxacin can be widely used in research related to systemic bacterial infections and bacterial pneumonia.

Anti-Mouse/Human VLA-4/CD49d Antibody (PS/2) is an anti-mouse/human VLA-4/CD49d IgG2b monoclonal antibody. Anti-Mouse/Human VLA-4/CD49d Antibody (PS/2) can reduce VLA-4 positive cells. Anti-Mouse/Human VLA-4/CD49d Antibody (PS/2) can inhibit the migration of Tc1 cells to tumors. Anti-Mouse/Human VLA-4/CD49d Antibody (PS/2) inhibits the retention of leukemia cells in the spleen and bone marrow by blocking VLA-4. Anti-Mouse/Human VLA-4/CD49d Antibody (PS/2) can be used for research on inflammation conditions and cancer such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), melanoma and leukemia.

Pegsebrenatide (NLY01) is a blood-brain barrier-penetrant GLP-1R agonist. Pegsebrenatide alleviates retinal inflammation and neuronal death secondary to ocular hypertension. Pegsebrenatide significantly delays onset and reduces disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Pegsebrenatide inhibits the formation of A1 reactive astrocytes in nerve cells and reduces the loss of retinal ganglion cells and dopaminergic neurons. Pegsebrenatide exerts neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease by directly preventing microglia-mediated conversion of astrocytes to the A1 neurotoxic phenotype. Pegsebrenatide can be used for research on glaucoma, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis.

Arvanil (N-Vanillylarachidonamide) is a mixed agonist of CB1 and TRPV1 receptors. Arvanil downregulates CD25, HLA-DR, CD134/OX40, blocks G1/S phase transition, and induces phosphorylation of Akt. Arvanil does not induce apoptosis in cells. Arvanil inhibits lymphocyte activation and ameliorates autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Arvanil can be used in research related to Huntington's disease, vomiting, and multiple sclerosis.

Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is an Antibacterial agent. Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate reduces the counts of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium attached to the surfaces of beef fat and fascia. Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate modulates the growth parameters of Listeria monocytogenes in vitro: low concentrations shorten the lag phase and increase the maximum growth rate, while high concentrations prolong the lag phase and decrease the maximum growth rate. Trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate is used in poultry processing.

Noreugenin is a phenolic compound found in Calea uniflora Less. Noreugenin inhibits myeloperoxidase activity and reduces levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17A levels in LPS (HY-D1056)-induced murine pleurisy model. Noreugenin reduces apoptosis and necrosis. Noreugenin reduces lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD, GST) activity. Noreugenin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Noreugenin can be used for the research of inflammatory conditions, such as pleurisy.