Phenothrin
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Phenothrin is a voltage-gated sodium channel modulator. Phenothrin mainly acts on sodium channels in the closed resting state, slows their opening and closing, increases the steady-state sodium current, and prolongs the sodium current through slowly decaying tail currents. Phenothrin induces dose-dependent DNA damage and oxidative DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and human hepatocytes. Phenothrin is used as an insecticide for agricultural, household, and public health insect control and for eliminating human lice infestations.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity : 97.71%
- CAS No.: 26002-80-2
- Formula: C23H26O3
- Molecular Weight:350.45
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Storage:Pure form -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
Description
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sodium channels |
In Vitro
Phenothrin (20-1000 μM; 1 h) induces statistically significant, concentration-dependent DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (lowest effective concentration 20 μM for tail length, 50 μM for % tail DNA) and human HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells (lowest effective concentration 50 μM for % tail DNA, 100 μM for tail length) after 1-hour exposure, with lymphocytes showing greater sensitivity than hepatocytes[1].
Phenothrin reduces sodium channel closing in N1E-115 mouse neuroblastoma cells and produces slow sodium current components with τs = 3.0 ms, τt = 3.5 ms, and τd = 4.5 ms, giving the least prolongation among the tested pyrethroids[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:Human peripheral blood lymphocytes, human HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells
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Concentration:20, 50, 100, 1000 μM
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Incubation Time:1 h
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Result:Induced a statistically significant decrease in cell viability in lymphocytes at concentrations ≥50 μM.
Maintained ≥77% viability in all treated samples after treatment.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 26002-80-2
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Appearance Liquid (Density: 1.06 g/cm3)
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Molecular Weight 350.45
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Formula C23H26O3
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Color Colorless to light yellow
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SMILES
O=C(C1C(C)(C)C1/C=C(C)\C)OCC2=CC=CC(OC3=CC=CC=C3)=C2
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (285.35 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (7.13 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (7.13 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (291 KB)
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SDS (538 KB)
- English - EN (538 KB)
- Français - FR (538 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (538 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (538 KB)
- Español - ES (538 KB)
- Swedish - SV (538 KB)
- Italian - IT (538 KB)
- Korean - KR (538 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (538 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Nagy K, et al. Evaluation of the genotoxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide phenothrin. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2014;770:1-5. [Content Brief]
[2]. de Weille JR, et al. Interactions of pyrethroids and octylguanidine with sodium channels of squid giant axons. Brain research. 1988 Mar 29;445(1):1-11. [Content Brief]
[3]. Ruigt GS, et al. Increase of sodium current after pyrethroid insecticides in mouse neuroblastoma cells. Brain research. 1987 Dec 29;437(2):309-22. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.8535 mL | 14.2674 mL | 28.5347 mL | 71.3369 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.5707 mL | 2.8535 mL | 5.7069 mL | 14.2674 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2853 mL | 1.4267 mL | 2.8535 mL | 7.1337 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1902 mL | 0.9512 mL | 1.9023 mL | 4.7558 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1427 mL | 0.7134 mL | 1.4267 mL | 3.5668 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1141 mL | 0.5707 mL | 1.1414 mL | 2.8535 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0951 mL | 0.4756 mL | 0.9512 mL | 2.3779 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0713 mL | 0.3567 mL | 0.7134 mL | 1.7834 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0571 mL | 0.2853 mL | 0.5707 mL | 1.4267 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0476 mL | 0.2378 mL | 0.4756 mL | 1.1889 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0357 mL | 0.1783 mL | 0.3567 mL | 0.8917 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0285 mL | 0.1427 mL | 0.2853 mL | 0.7134 mL |
Phenothrin Related Classifications
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