Apoptosis Inhibitor

Teneligliptin (MP-513) hydrobromide is an orally active and selective dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor (IC₅₀s: 0.37 and 0.29 nM for the human and rat DPP-4, respectively). Teneligliptin hydrobromide improves blood glucose levels and can be used in researches related to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Asperosaponin VI is a saponin component from Dipsacus asper. Asperosaponin VI induces osteoblast differentiation through the BMP-2/p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Asperosaponin VI protects against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt and CREB pathways. Additionally, Asperosaponin VI also has antidepressant and wound-healing-promoting activities.

BI-6C9 is a highly specific BH3 interacting domain (Bid) inhibitor, which prevents mitochondrial outer membrane potential (MOMP) and mitochondrial fission, and protects the cells from mitochondrial apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) release and caspase-independent cell death in neurons.

Diosgenin glucoside, a saponin compound extracted from Trillium tschonoskii, provides neuroprotection by regulating microglial M1 polarization. Diosgenin glucoside protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy and alleviating apoptosis .

Morroniside has neuroprotective effect by inhibiting neuron apoptosis and MMP2/9 expression.

FeTPPS, a 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin iron III chloride peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst, possesses evident neuroprotective effects in a experimental model of spinal cord damage. FeTPPS acts as a peroxynitrite scavenger and anti-nitrating agent in vivo. FeTPPS reduces nitric oxide (NO) production and apoptosis process.

Gln-AMS is a potent inhibitor of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase. Gln-AMS blocks the lactylation modification of downstream targets through competitive binding to AARS1, thereby regulating apoptosis, ferroptosis, and the transcriptional processes of related genes. Gln-AMS can be used in research on breast cancer, diabetic nephropathy, and sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

α-Tocopherol phosphate is an antioxidant that protects against long-wave UVA1 induced cell death and scavenge UVA1 induced ROS in a skin cell model. α-Tocopherol phosphate exhibits angiogenesis-promoting activity.

Rutin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rutin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rutin (Rutoside) is a flavonoid found in many plants and shows a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective and reducing Aβ oligomer activities. Rutin is also a CBR1 inhibitor, which can cross the blood brain barrier. Rutin attenuates vancomycin-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis via suppression of apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress.

Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate is an orally active, non-competitive glutathione reductase inhibitor with a K_i of 111.6 μM and an IC₅₀ of 52.3 μM. Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate is also a calcium channel protein inhibitor. Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate inhibits the release of Ca²⁺ from RyR1 and RyR3, which can be beneficial in a variety of pathologies caused by disruptions in calcium homeostasis (e.g., stroke, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases). Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate offers relief of muscle spasms, malignant hyperthermia, and antitoxic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties.

ICCB-19 hydrochloride is a TRADD (TNFRSF1A associated via death domain) inhibitor. ICCB-19 hydrochloride binds with N-terminal domain of TRADD (TRADD-N), disrupting its binding to both TRADD-C and TRAF2. ICCB-19 hydrochloride is indirect inhibitor of RIPK1 kinase activity. ICCB-19 hydrochloride effectively induces autophagy and the degradation of long-lived proteins.

Cholesterol hemisuccinate (Cholesterol hydrogen succinate) Tris salt is a compound with hepatoprotective and anticancer activity. Cholesterol hemisuccinate Tris salt inhibits Acetaminophen (AAP) (HY-66005) hepatotoxicity, and prevents AAP-induced hepatic apoptosis and necrosis. Cholesterol hemisuccinate Tris salt inhibits DNA polymerase and DNA topoisomerase to inhibit DNA replication and repair and cell division. Cholesterol hemisuccinate Tris salt inhibits tumor growth. Cholesterol hemisuccinate Tris salt can be used for buffer preparation.

Eleutheroside E is an important component of ginseng that can be taken orally. Eleutheroside E has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and it helps reduce apoptosis in heart cells caused by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) damage. Eleutheroside E can improve type 2 diabetes, enhance cognitive function, and has neuroprotective effects.

Curdione ((+)-Curdione) is an orally active sesquiterpenoid. Curdione inhibits platelet aggregation. Curdione induces ferroptosis in colorectal cancer via m6A methylation mediated by METTL14 and YTHDF2. Curdione inhibits ferroptosis in Isoproterenol (HY-B0468)-induced myocardial infarction by regulating the Keap1/Trx1/GPX4 signaling pathway, suppressing oxidative stress (ROS) and apoptosis. Curdione ameliorates Doxorubicin (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress (ROS) and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Curdione ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting platelet-mediated neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Curdione ameliorates Bleomycin (HY-17565A)-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Curdione exhibits neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Curdione exerts antiproliferative effects against human uterine leiomyosarcoma by targeting IDO1. Curdione protects vascular endothelial cells and atherosclerosis by regulating DNMT1-mediated ERBB4 promoter methylation. Curdione inhibits inducible prostaglandin E2 production (IC₅₀ = 1.1 μM) and cyclooxygenase 2 expression.

Urolithin M5 (Decarboxyellagic acid) is an orally active influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor and neuroprotective agent, with IC₅₀ values of 174.8 μM (HK68), 191.5 μM (pdm09), 243.2 μM (WSN) and 257.1 μM (PR8) against four influenza virus neuraminidases, respectively. Urolithin M5 inhibits viral neuraminidase activity, thereby blocking influenza virus replication (including oseltamivir (HY-13317)-resistant strains), protecting infected mammals from death and improving pulmonary edema. Urolithin M5 forms a hydrogen-bond stabilized complex with IGF1R, and binds to MAPK14, AKT1, NFKB1 and EGFR. Urolithin M5 reduces reactive oxygen species production, inhibits neuronal apoptosis, restores mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and promotes neurite outgrowth of damaged neuronal cells. Urolithin M5 can be used in research related to influenza virus infection and Alzheimer's disease.

Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) is an orally active trihydroxylated bile acid and a competitive, reversible FXR antagonist (IC₅₀=40 μM). Tauro-β-muricholic acid inhibits bile acid-induced hepatocyte apoptosis by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential, while simultaneously inhibiting intestinal FXR signaling, affecting bile acid synthesis, hepatic lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Accumulation of tauro-β-muricholic acid disrupts metabolic homeostasis, promoting cancer stem cell proliferation and tumor progression. The mechanisms of tauro-β-muricholic acid involve two aspects: first, inhibiting the translocation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax to mitochondria and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP); and second, blocking the FXR signaling pathway to regulate bile acid metabolism, reduce serum ceramide production, and downregulate the hepatic SREBP1C/CIDEA pathway. Tauro-β-muricholic acid possesses anti-hepatocyte apoptosis, bile acid homeostasis regulation, and liver fat accumulation reduction properties, and also functions as a biomarker, making it useful in the study of diseases such as bile acid metabolism disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, colorectal cancer, and liver fibrosis.

Senkyunolide I is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable metabolite of Z-ligustilide (HY-N0401A). Senkyunolide I is isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong. Senkyunolide I upregulates p-Erk1/2 and Nrf2/HO-1, and inhibits Caspase 3. Senkyunolide I alleviates Apoptosis. Senkyunolide I increases the pain threshold in mice and reduces acetic acid-induced writhing responses in mice. Senkyunolide I improves neurological deficits, reduces infarct volume and alleviates cerebral edema in rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Senkyunolide I protects renal function and structural integrity in a mouse model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Senkyunolide I is applicable to research related to focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, migraine, and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

N-trans-Feruloyltyramine (N-feruloyltyramine), an alkaloid, is a potent antioxidant. N-trans-Feruloyltyramine improves H₂O₂-induced intracellular ROS generation and decreases apoptosis. N-trans-Feruloyltyramine has the potential for oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative conditions and cancer research.

20-5,14-HEDGE is a 20-HETE analog. 20-5,14-HEDGE induces cell death in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs). 20-5,14-HEDGE enhances ROS production and reduces hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR)-induced apoptosis in ex vivo rat lung slices. 20-5,14-HEDGE protects against lung ischemic reperfusion injury in rats. 20-5,14-HEDGE can be used for the study of pulmonary vascular signaling and lung injury-related research.

L-Proline (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Proline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Proline is one of the twenty amino acids used in living organisms as the building blocks of proteins.