L-Glutamine
Based on 27 publication(s) in Google Scholar
L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells.
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- Pureté: 98.0%
- CAS No.: 56-85-9
- Formule: C5H10N2O3
- Masse moléculaire:146.15
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Stockage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Activité biologique
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Chemical Information
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Solvant et solubilité
- Pureté et documentation
- Références
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) L-Glutamine
More- Nat Cancer. 2026 Feb 24. [Abstract]
- Cancer Res. 2026 Feb 9. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 May 15;16(1):4502. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharm Sin B. 2025 Nov;15(11):5772-5788. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharm Sin B. 2022 Sep;12(9):3618-3638. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec 16:e2411479. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2024 May:71:103112. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Dis. 2025 Feb 6;16(1):72. [Abstract]
- NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025 Aug 2;11(1):150. [Abstract]
- J Transl Med. 2024 Jan 18;22(1):74. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2019 Jul 9;28(2):512-525.e6. [Abstract]
- Cell Biol Toxicol. 2025 May 15;41(1):85. [Abstract]
- J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Jan 8;8(1):e009871. [Abstract]
- PLoS Pathog. 2024 Jun 21;20(6):e1012305. [Abstract]
- Biomolecules. 2026 Feb 20;16(2):328. [Abstract]
- Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2024 Oct;47(5):1845-1861. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Oct 18;143(Pt 2):113427. [Abstract]
- Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Jul:120:110292. [Abstract]
- Molecules. 2025 Mar 9;30(6):1224. [Abstract]
- Cancer Biol Ther. 2023 Dec 31;24(1):2184150. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 15;12(1):9936. [Abstract]
- Hum Cell. 2025 Jul 3;38(5):123. [Abstract]
- Vet Sci. 2055 Dec 21.
- Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2026;64(1):60-74. [Abstract]
- Kidney Blood Press Res. 2026 Mar 17:1-18. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Jan 26.
- SSRN. 2023 Sep 20.
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Activité biologique
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
L-Glutamine is important as a precursor for peptide and protein synthesis, amino sugar synthesis, purine and pyrimidine and thus nucleic acid and nucleotide synthesis, and also provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells. L-Glutamine is the most abundant extracellular amino acid in vivo (0.7 mM compared to an approximate L-glutamate concentration of 20 μM)[1].
In BRIN-BD11 cells, culture for 24 h with 10 mM L-Glutamine compared with 1 mM resulted in substantial changes in gene expression with 148 genes upregulated more than 1.8-fold, and 18 downregulated more than 1.8-fold, including many genes involved in cellular signaling, metabolism, gene regulation, and the insulin-secretory response. L-Glutamine increases the activity of the Ca2+ regulated phosphatase calcineurin and the transcription factor Pdx1[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 56-85-9
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Appearance Solid
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Masse moléculaire 146.15
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Formule C5H10N2O3
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O
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Synonyms
L-Glutamic acid 5-amide
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Livraison
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Stockage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (27)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Cancer
The GENEVA platform models tumor mosaicism to reveal variations of responses to KRAS inhibitors and identify improved drug combinations. [Abstract]2026 Feb 24. PMID: 41735640 -
Cancer Res
The Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor Darlifarnib (KO-2806) Resensitizes Relapsing Tumors to RAS Inhibition. [Abstract]2026 Feb 9. PMID: 41661652 -
Nat Commun
TIGIT deficiency promotes autoreactive CD4+ T-cell responses through a metabolic‒epigenetic mechanism in autoimmune myositis. [Abstract]2025 May 15;16(1):4502. PMID: 40374622 -
Acta Pharm Sin B
Brain endothelial HIF-1 α exacerbates diabetes-associated cognitive impairment by accelerating glycolysis-driven lactate production. [Abstract]2025 Nov;15(11):5772-5788. PMID: 41311407 -
Acta Pharm Sin B
Inhibition of ASCT2 induces hepatic stellate cell senescence with modified proinflammatory secretome through an IL-1 α/NF- κ B feedback pathway to inhibit liver fibrosis. [Abstract]2022 Sep;12(9):3618-3638. PMID: 36176909 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Addressing Clinical Limitations of Glutaminase Inhibitors: Novel Strategies for Osimertinib-Resistant Lung Cancer by Exploiting Glutamine Metabolic Dependency. [Abstract]2024 Dec 16:e2411479. PMID: 39680480 -
Redox Biol
Enteric coronavirus PDCoV evokes a non-Warburg effect by hijacking pyruvic acid as a metabolic hub. [Abstract]2024 May:71:103112. PMID: 38461791
L-Glutamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 May:71:103112. [Abstract]
Cells were infected with PDCoV in media containing different concentrations of Glutamine (0, 1, 2, or 4 mM; 18 h).
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Cell Death Dis
Blimp-1 orchestrates macrophage polarization and metabolic homeostasis via purine biosynthesis in sepsis. [Abstract]2025 Feb 6;16(1):72. PMID: 39915460
L-Glutamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2025 Feb 6;16(1):72. [Abstract]
The mRNA level of Arg1 in BMDM infected with lentivirus carrying shRNA-NC or shRNA-Blimp-1, and treated with Glutamine (20 mM; 48 h).
L-Glutamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2025 Feb 6;16(1):72. [Abstract]
The survival rates of CLP mice intraperitoneally injected with macrophage-targeted AAV carrying shRNA-NC or shRNA-Blimp-1, and treated with Glutamine (0.75 g/kg; ip).
L-Glutamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2025 Feb 6;16(1):72. [Abstract]
Glutamine (0.75 g/kg; ip). Percentage of M2 macrophages in PLF cells.
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NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
Gut-resident Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens decreases fat accumulation via MYC-driven epigenetic regulation of arginine biosynthesis. [Abstract]2025 Aug 2;11(1):150. PMID: 40753182 -
J Transl Med
Hypoxia-induced P4HA1 overexpression promotes post-ischemic angiogenesis by enhancing endothelial glycolysis through downregulating FBP1. [Abstract]2024 Jan 18;22(1):74. PMID: 38238754 -
Cell Rep
Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolic Reprogramming Orchestrates Drug Resistance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. [Abstract]2019 Jul 9;28(2):512-525.e6. PMID: 31291585
L-Glutamine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep. 2019 Jul 9;28(2):512-525.e6. [Abstract]
MTT assay of PC9 cells treated with or without ethylestered GSH (100 μM), or L-Glutamine (10 mM) , together with the indicated doses of GEF for 72 h.
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Cell Biol Toxicol
IGFBP3 enhances adipose-derived stem cell function in soft tissue injury repair via ITGB1 and ERK pathway activation. [Abstract]2025 May 15;41(1):85. PMID: 40369223 -
J Am Heart Assoc
New Molecular Mechanism Underlying Myc-Mediated Cytochrome P450 2E1 Upregulation in Apoptosis and Energy Metabolism in the Myocardium. [Abstract]2019 Jan 8;8(1):e009871. PMID: 30563421 -
PLoS Pathog
PoRVA G9P[23] and G5P[7] infections differentially promote PEDV replication by reprogramming glutamine metabolism. [Abstract]2024 Jun 21;20(6):e1012305. PMID: 38905309 -
Biomolecules
Notch Signaling Exacerbates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating the Differentiation of CD4+ Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. [Abstract]2026 Feb 20;16(2):328. PMID: 41750395 -
Cell Oncol (Dordr)
Disrupting YAP1-mediated glutamine metabolism induces synthetic lethality alongside ODC1 inhibition in osteosarcoma. [Abstract]2024 Oct;47(5):1845-1861. PMID: 39115605 -
Int Immunopharmacol
2024 Oct 18;143(Pt 2):113427. PMID: 39426230 -
Int Immunopharmacol
2023 Jul:120:110292. PMID: 37182452 -
Molecules
Seeking Correlation Among Porin Permeabilities and Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations Through Machine Learning: A Promising Route to the Essential Molecular Descriptors. [Abstract]2025 Mar 9;30(6):1224. PMID: 40142001 -
Cancer Biol Ther
Daucosterol combined with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can alleviate liver damage in liver failure mice by regulating the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. [Abstract]2023 Dec 31;24(1):2184150. PMID: 36919480 -
Sci Rep
Glutamine and norepinephrine in follicular fluid synergistically enhance the antioxidant capacity of human granulosa cells and the outcome of IVF-ET. [Abstract]2022 Jun 15;12(1):9936. PMID: 35705692 -
Hum Cell
CircTADA2A inhibits cell proliferation and promotes ferroptosis by sponging miR-638 in acute myeloid leukemia. [Abstract]2025 Jul 3;38(5):123. PMID: 40608154 -
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Folia Histochem Cytobiol
Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis via the GLP-1 receptor signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026;64(1):60-74. PMID: 41874174 -
Kidney Blood Press Res
Nobiletin from Xiaoyu Xiezhuo Decoction: Restoring Mitochondrial Dynamics and Alleviating Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via M1 Macrophage Modulation. [Abstract]2026 Mar 17:1-18. PMID: 41843713 -
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Solvant et solubilité
H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (228.05 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 1 with HCl)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 7.69 mg/mL (52.62 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C
Pureté et documentation
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Fiche technique (272 KB)
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SDS (254 KB)
- English - EN (254 KB)
- Français - FR (254 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (254 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (254 KB)
- Español - ES (254 KB)
- Swedish - SV (254 KB)
- Italian - IT (254 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (254 KB)
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Instruction de manipulation (2659 KB)
Références
[1]. Mary Corless , et al. Glutamine Regulates Expression of Key Transcription Factor, Signal Transduction, Metabolic Gene, and Protein Expression in a Clonal Pancreatic Beta-Cell Line. J Endocrinol. 2006 Sep;190(3):719-27. [Content Brief]
[2]. Newsholme P, et al. Glutamine and glutamate as vital metabolites. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003 Feb;36(2):153-63. Epub 2003 Jan 29. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| H2O | 1 mM | 6.8423 mL | 34.2114 mL | 68.4229 mL | 171.0571 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.3685 mL | 6.8423 mL | 13.6846 mL | 34.2114 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6842 mL | 3.4211 mL | 6.8423 mL | 17.1057 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.4562 mL | 2.2808 mL | 4.5615 mL | 11.4038 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3421 mL | 1.7106 mL | 3.4211 mL | 8.5529 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2737 mL | 1.3685 mL | 2.7369 mL | 6.8423 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2281 mL | 1.1404 mL | 2.2808 mL | 5.7019 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1711 mL | 0.8553 mL | 1.7106 mL | 4.2764 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1368 mL | 0.6842 mL | 1.3685 mL | 3.4211 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1140 mL | 0.5702 mL | 1.1404 mL | 2.8510 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0855 mL | 0.4276 mL | 0.8553 mL | 2.1382 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0684 mL | 0.3421 mL | 0.6842 mL | 1.7106 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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