Asthma

Revamilast (GRC 4039) is an orally active phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 3 nM. Revamilast inhibits the production of TNF-α. It can be used for research on rheumatoid arthritis, plaque psoriasis, asthma, and other inflammatory diseases.

Zindotrine (MDL-257) is an orally active bronchodilator. Zindotrine is a cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor. Zindotrine can counteract bronchospasm caused by histamine. Zindotrine can be used to study reversible airflow obstruction, such as asthma.

Histamine glutarimide (XC8) is an orally active anti-asthma agent. Histamine glutarimide blocks the maturation of chemokines (CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13) and inhibits the migration of eosinophils and the degranulation of mast cells. In asthma models induced by carrageenan and rat ovalbumin, Histamine glutarimide can reduce airway resistance and the count of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histamine glutarimide can be used in asthma research.

Olcorolimus (SAR-943) is a Rapamycin (HY-10219) derivative. Olcorolimus can reduce IL-4, IL-5, eosinophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte, cellular fibronectin; lung epithelial cell proliferation and mucus hypersecretory phenotype in Ovalbumin (HY-W250978)-sensitized BALB/c mice. Olcorolimus can be used for the researches of inflammation and immunology, such as asthma.

Pibaxizine is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent. Pibaxizine shows antagonist effect on the Histamine (HY-B1204) induced bronchoconstriction. Pibaxizine can be used for the researches of inflammation and immunology, such as asthma.

IVL 745 (XRP 1745A) is a very late antigen 4 (VLA-4, integrin α4β1) antagonist. IVL 745 reduces the airway inflammatory response of sensitized rats and sheep. IVL 745 can be used for airway inflammation and asthma research.

Theophylline L-lysine (Lysine theophyllinate) is a soluble derivative of Theophylline (HY-B0809). Theophylline L-lysine is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline L-lysine inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline L-lysine has anti-inflammatory activity by increasing IL-10 and inhibiting NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline L-lysine induces apoptosis. Theophylline L-lysine can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research.

β2AR agonist 5 (Compound alpha-β2-008) is a β2AR agonist, with an EC₅₀ value of 0.19 nM. β2AR agonist 5 induces the BRET signal. β2AR agonist 5 can be used in the research of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Anti-inflammatory agent 89 is a multi-target glucocorticoid-isothiocyanate hybrid with anti-inflammatory activity. Anti-inflammatory agent 89 releases hydrogen sulfide via its isothiocyanate group, inhibits antigen-induced mast cell degranulation, alleviates pulmonary inflammation, and suppresses bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway fibrosis. Anti-inflammatory agent 89 can be used in asthma research.

Levalbuterol (Levosalbutamol) hemitartrate is a β₂-adrenergic receptor agonist and PI3K inhibitor. Levalbuterol hemitartrate inhibits PI3K activity, reduces NF-κB and Rb protein expression, activates the cAMP/PKA pathway, and stimulates cAMP release. Levalbuterol hemitartrate relaxes airway smooth muscle, reduces intracellular calcium levels, and inhibits spasmogen-induced contractions. Levalbuterol hemitartrate can be used for the research of moderate-to-severe asthma.

ABT-080 free base is an orally active inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis that targets 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP). ABT-080 free base inhibits leukotriene production in intact human neutrophils, mouse peritoneal macrophages and human whole blood, with IC₅₀ values of 20 nM, 0.16 nM and 13 μM, respectively. ABT-080 free base blocks the leukotriene pathway leading to the synthesis of LTB4 and LTC4, but does not block PGH2 biosynthesis. ABT-080 free base inhibits leukotriene biosynthesis and bronchoconstriction in mouse models. ABT-080 is used in research related to asthma, pleurisy and allergy.

DL-Glutamine (Standard) ((±)-Glutamine (Standard); DL-Gl (Standard)) is the analytical standard of DL-Glutamine (HY-B1346). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-Glutamine ((±)-Glutamine; DL-Gl) is an amino acid metabolite. DL-Glutamine is a plasma metabolic biomarker associated with Treg/Th17 balance in an OVA-induced eosinophilic asthma mouse model. DL-glutamine positively correlates with muscle quality parameters such as muscle water-holding capacity and shear force, and negatively correlates with oxidative stress markers and apoptotic gene expression. DL-Glutamine is associated with periodontal pathogens and oral microbial communities in saliva/serum. DL-Glutamine can be used in research related to asthma, muscle quality, and periodontal disease.

Gnaphaliin is a flavonoid compound that exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tracheal smooth muscle relaxant effects by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, scavenging free radicals, chelating trace elements, and reducing neutrophil infiltration. Gnaphaliin can be used in research on asthma, inflammation, and atherosclerosis.

RV-6153 is a potent and selective dual inhibitor of PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ, with IC₅₀ values of 2.5 nM and 28 nM, respectively. RV-6153 dually inhibits PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ, blocking Akt phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting ROS production and cytokine release at the cellular level, and reducing neutrophil and macrophage accumulation in the airways in vivo. RV-6153 can be used in research on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and other inflammatory diseases.

D-159404 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable, selective allosteric PDE4D inhibitor. It partially inhibits cAMP hydrolysis by binding to the UCR2 regulatory domain, elevates intracellular cAMP levels, and triggers calcium influx, thereby improving working memory and episodic memory consolidation. D-159404 is used in research on asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cognitive impairment.

Piriprost (U-60257) is an inhibitor of Glutathione-S-transferase and leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor. Piriprost inhibits the biosynthesis of leukotriene C/D without affecting cyclooxygenase-mediated arachidonic acid metabolites. Piriprost increases the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Piriprost antagonizes contractions induced by leukotriene C/D in vitro. Piriprost is used in asthma research.

CysLT1/2 receptor antagonist-1 is a dual CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptor antagonist with IC₅₀ values of 0.044 μM (CysLT1) and 0.17 μM (CysLT2). CysLT1/2 receptor antagonist-1 can be used for the research of bronchial asthma.

CI-1018 is an orally active selective PDE-4 inhibitor, with IC₅₀ values of 1.1 μM, 35.8 μM, and 73.4 μM against hPDE-4, canine PDE-4, and guinea pig PDE-4, respectively. CI-1018 induces iNOS expression and Apoptosis. CI-1018 induces vascular injury, medial necrosis, hemorrhage, edema, thymic atrophy, ketonuria, and weight loss. CI-1018 can be used in research related to asthma, vasculitis, and mesenteric vasculitis/arteriopathy.

PXS-4728A free base is an orally active, selective VAP-1/SSAO inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 5 nM and a K_i of 175 nM. PXS-4728A free base inhibits the expression of MMP-9. It reduces cell rolling, adhesion and migration, decreases cell infiltration levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and collagen deposition, and improves pulmonary function. PXS-4728A free base reduces the formation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques, and decreases blood lipid and blood glucose levels as well as body weight gain. PXS-4728A free base can be used in research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, acute pulmonary inflammation, acute lung injury, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, rhinovirus-exacerbated asthma, sepsis, Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection and atherosclerosis.

PKF 242-484 (TNF484) is an orally active dual inhibitor of TACE/MMPs, with K_i values of 3.6, 0.1, 0.9, 1, and 4.5 nM against hMMP-1, hMMP-2, hMMP-3, hMMP-9, and hMMP-13, respectively. PKF 242-484 inhibits the enzymatic activities of MMPs and ADAM17, reduces the release of TNF-α, suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells, and regulates inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine production. PKF 242-484 can be used in studies related to airway inflammatory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, epilepsy-induced neuronal damage, and hepatocellular carcinoma.