Trimethoprim
Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic and an orally active dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor. Trimethoprim is active against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria. Trimethoprim has the potential for the research of urinary tract infections, Shigellosis and Pneumocystis pneumonia. Trimethoprim can inhibit infection of Influenza A virus in chick embryo when combinated with zinc.
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- Pureza: 99.97%
- No. CAS: 738-70-5
- Fòrmula: C14H18N4O3
- Peso molecular:290.32
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Almacenamiento:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Trimethoprim
More- Autophagy. 2023 Oct;19(10):2702-2718. [Abstract]
- Water Res. 2023 Jul 15:240:120110. [Abstract]
- J Exp Med. 2026 Mar 2;223(3):e20241287. [Abstract]
- Food Chem X. 2026 Feb 8:34:103646. [Abstract]
- Virulence. 2026 Dec 31;17(1):2646808. [Abstract]
- J Mol Med (Berl). 2019 Aug;97(8):1183-1193. [Abstract]
- Microorganisms. 2025 Apr 18;13(4):938. [Abstract]
- Infect Drug Resist. 2026 May 8;19.
- bioRxiv. 2026 Apr 29.
- Res Sq. 2026 Mar 9.
- bioRxiv. 2025 January 15.
- bioRxiv. 2024 May 10.
- Chemosphere. 2019 Jun:225:378-387. [Abstract]
Customer Validation & Images
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
Ver todos los productos específicos de isoformas Antibiotic
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Actividad biológica
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BC | IC50 |
>250 μM
Compound: Tmp
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Cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cells.
Cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cells.
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[PMID: 11881993] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
50.68 μM
Compound: Trimethoprim
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Inhibition of human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in uptake of ASP+ after 2 mins by fluorescence assay
Inhibition of human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in uptake of ASP+ after 2 mins by fluorescence assay
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[PMID: 28230985] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
56.8 μM
Compound: trimethoprim
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Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells by confocal microscopy
Inhibition of 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium uptake at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells by confocal microscopy
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[PMID: 18788725] |
| HeLa | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Antiviral activity against coxsackie B4 virus infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against coxsackie B4 virus infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| HeLa | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Antiviral activity against Respiratory syncytial virus infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against Respiratory syncytial virus infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| HeLa | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus infected in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| HFF | IC50 |
46 μM
Compound: trimethoprim
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Antiparasitic activity against Toxoplasma gondii 2F infected in HFF cells assessed as beta galactosidase activity after 5 days
Antiparasitic activity against Toxoplasma gondii 2F infected in HFF cells assessed as beta galactosidase activity after 5 days
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[PMID: 20373807] |
| KB | IC50 |
>250 μM
Compound: Tmp
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Cytotoxicity against human epidermoid carcinoma KB cell.
Cytotoxicity against human epidermoid carcinoma KB cell.
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[PMID: 11881993] |
| MDCK | CC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Cytotoxicity against dog MDCK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 5 to 6 days by MTS assay
Cytotoxicity against dog MDCK cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 5 to 6 days by MTS assay
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| Vero | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Antiviral activity against Coxsackie B4 virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against Coxsackie B4 virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| Vero | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Antiviral activity against para influenza 3 virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against para influenza 3 virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| Vero | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Antiviral activity against Punta Toro virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against Punta Toro virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| Vero | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
|
Antiviral activity against Reovirus 1 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against Reovirus 1 infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| Vero | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
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Antiviral activity against Sindbis virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against Sindbis virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| Vero | EC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 33
|
Antiviral activity against Yellow fever virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
Antiviral activity against Yellow fever virus infected in African green monkey Vero cells assessed as inhibition of viral-induced cytopathic effect measured after 3 to 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis
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[PMID: 28477572] |
| Vero | IC50 |
>50 μM
Compound: Tmp
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Cytotoxicity by the selective inhibition against African green monkey kidney fibroblast (vero cells).
Cytotoxicity by the selective inhibition against African green monkey kidney fibroblast (vero cells).
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[PMID: 11881993] |
Trimethoprim interrupts folate metabolism by inhibition of the activity of dihydrofolase reductase (DHFR), which reduces dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate (THF)[1].
Trimethoprim (3 μg/mL; 1 h) induces protein aggregation and main heat shock proteins (Hsps) in E. coli cells, which indicates that Trimethoprim sulfate presence leads to protein misfolding[1].
Trimethoprim (1.5-3 μg/mL; 1 h) causes induction of DnaK, DnaJ, GroEL, ClpB, and IbpA/B Hsps in E. coli cells exposed to folate and heat stress[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Trimethoprim can be connected with the thiomaltose (TM-TMP) and shows stability with a half-life of about 1 hour in complete serum, and has a MIC value around 1 μM against E. coli[2].
Trimethoprim (10 mg/mL; 0.5 mL; inject with Trimethoprim-Zn combined suspension) decreases the virus titer and increases the survival rate of chicken embryo[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Female C3H/HeOuJ mice (transurethrally infected with a 50 μL suspension containing 1-2×107 CFU of E. coli under 3% isoflurane)[2]
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Dosage:10 mg/kg
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Administration:i.v.; once every 12 h; for 3 d
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Result:Showed antibacterial activity against H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, E. coli and N. meningitidis with CD50s of 150 mg/kg, 335 mg/kg, 27.5 mg/kg and 8.4 mg/kg, respectively in infected mice.
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Animal Model:Fertilized eggs (injected H3N2 virus into amniotic and allantoic space at day 8)[4]
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Dosage:10 mg/mL; 0.5 mL
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Administration:The Trimethoprim-Zn combined suspension was injected into the air sac; single dosage
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Result:Decreased the virus titer and increased the survival rate of chicken embryo.
The survival rate peaked at ratio about 0.18 (Zn/Trimethoprim).
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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No. CAS 738-70-5
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Appearance Solid
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Peso molecular 290.32
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Fòrmula C14H18N4O3
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
NC1=NC=C(CC2=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C2)C(N)=N1
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Envío
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Almacenamiento
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (13)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Autophagy
2023 Oct;19(10):2702-2718. PMID: 37312409 -
Water Res
Quantifying community-wide antibiotic usage via urban water fingerprinting: Focus on contrasting resource settings in South Africa. [Abstract]2023 Jul 15:240:120110. PMID: 37247434 -
J Exp Med
2026 Mar 2;223(3):e20241287. PMID: 41400657 -
Food Chem X
Machine learning prioritization of antibiotic residues in aquatic foods reveals exposure-driven genotoxic risk mediated by BCL2. [Abstract]2026 Feb 8:34:103646. PMID: 41756597 -
Virulence
Antibacterial efficacy and mechanism of the novel antimicrobial peptide lachnospirin-1 against Acinetobacter baumannii. [Abstract]2026 Dec 31;17(1):2646808. PMID: 41838520 -
J Mol Med (Berl)
2019 Aug;97(8):1183-1193. PMID: 31201471 -
Microorganisms
Isolation, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Genotypes of Three Pasteurellaeae Species Prevalent on Pig Farms in China Between 2021 and 2023. [Abstract]2025 Apr 18;13(4):938. PMID: 40284774 -
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Trimethoprim purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: bioRxiv. 2025 January 15.
Inhibitory effect of Trimethoprim on Babesia.
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Chemosphere
Mass-balance-model-based evaluation of sewage treatment plant contribution to residual pharmaceuticals in environmental waters. [Abstract]2019 Jun:225:378-387. PMID: 30884299
Solvente y solubilidad
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (172.22 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 0.67 mg/mL (2.31 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.61 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.61 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Pureza y Documentación
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Ficha de datos (279 KB)
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SDS (598 KB)
- English - EN (598 KB)
- Français - FR (598 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (598 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (598 KB)
- Español - ES (598 KB)
- Swedish - SV (598 KB)
- Italian - IT (598 KB)
- Korean - KR (598 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (598 KB)
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Instrucciones de manejo (2659 KB)
Referencias
[1]. Laskowska, E., et al., Trimethoprim induces heat shock proteins and protein aggregation in E. coli cells. Curr Microbiol, 2003. 47(4): p. 286-9. [Content Brief]
[2]. Brogden, R.N., et al., Trimethoprim: a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic use in urinary tract infections. Drugs, 1982. 23(6): p. 405-30. [Content Brief]
[3]. Xiaojian Wang, et al. A Trimethoprim Conjugate of Thiomaltose Has Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy In Vivo. Bioconjug Chem. 2018 May 16;29(5):1729-1735. [Content Brief]
[4]. El Habbal MH. Combination therapy of zinc and trimethoprim inhibits infection of influenza A virus in chick embryo. Virol J. 2021 Jun 3;18(1):113. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.4445 mL | 17.2224 mL | 34.4447 mL | 86.1119 mL |
| DMSO | 5 mM | 0.6889 mL | 3.4445 mL | 6.8889 mL | 17.2224 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3444 mL | 1.7222 mL | 3.4445 mL | 8.6112 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2296 mL | 1.1482 mL | 2.2963 mL | 5.7408 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1722 mL | 0.8611 mL | 1.7222 mL | 4.3056 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1378 mL | 0.6889 mL | 1.3778 mL | 3.4445 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1148 mL | 0.5741 mL | 1.1482 mL | 2.8704 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0861 mL | 0.4306 mL | 0.8611 mL | 2.1528 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0689 mL | 0.3444 mL | 0.6889 mL | 1.7222 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0574 mL | 0.2870 mL | 0.5741 mL | 1.4352 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0431 mL | 0.2153 mL | 0.4306 mL | 1.0764 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0344 mL | 0.1722 mL | 0.3444 mL | 0.8611 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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