PETCM
Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar
PETCM is an activator of caspase-3 and acts as an cytochrome c (cyto c)-dependent manner. PETCM promotes Apaf-1 oligomerization and induces cell apoptosis in HeLa cells.
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- Pureza : 99.68%
- No. CAS: 10129-56-3
- Fòrmula: C8H8Cl3NO
- Peso molecular:240.51
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Almacenamiento:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Actividad biológica
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Chemical Information
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Solvente y solubilidad
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) PETCM
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Actividad biológica
Descripciòn
IC50 & Target
[1]|
Caspase 3 |
In Vitro
PETCM (0.1-0.5 mM) stimulates caspase-3 activity (DEVD activity) of HeLa S-100 in a dose-dependent manner.And 0.2 mM PETCM is more efficient in activating caspase-3 than 1 mM dATP[1].PETCM (0.2 mM; 1 hour) drives apoptosome formation. Apaf-1 in a normal HeLa cell S-100 fraction is in an inactive monomeric form. After 1 mM dATP, most of the Apaf-1 shifted to a size of 1 million daltons. After the S-100 fraction with 0.2 mM PETCM, Apaf-1 exhibits a similar shift. And the efficiency of apoptosome formation was better with 0.2 mM PETCM[1].PETCM (0.2 mM; 1 hour) can antagonize the inhibitory activity of ProT reduced caspase-3 activation in in HeLa cells[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:HeLa cells
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Concentration:0.2 mM
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Incubation Time:1 hour
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Result:Increased apoptosome formation.
Chemical Information
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No. CAS 10129-56-3
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Appearance Solid
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Peso molecular 240.51
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Fòrmula C8H8Cl3NO
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Color Light yellow to light brown
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SMILES
OC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)CC1=CC=NC=C1
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Envío
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Almacenamiento
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (1)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Diabetes
FGF13-sensitive alteration of Parkin safeguards mitochondrial homeostasis in endothelium of diabetic nephropathy. [Abstract]2023 Jan 1;72(1):97-111. PMID: 36256844
PETCM purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Diabetes. 2023 Jan 1;72(1):97-111. [Abstract]
PETCM (10 μM) activates apoptosis in HG-PA–treated HRGEC transfected with L-Scr and HG-PA–treated HRGEC transfected with L-shFgf13.
Solvente y solubilidad
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (415.78 mM; ultrasonic and heat to 40°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.39 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocolo
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
Pureza y Documentación
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Ficha de datos (274 KB)
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SDS (392 KB)
- English - EN (392 KB)
- Français - FR (392 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (392 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (392 KB)
- Español - ES (392 KB)
- Swedish - SV (392 KB)
- Italian - IT (392 KB)
- Korean - KR (392 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (392 KB)
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Instrucciones de manejo (2659 KB)
Referencias
[1]. Nguyen JT, et al. Direct activation of the apoptosis machinery as a mechanism to target cancer cells.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jun 24;100(13):7533-8. [Content Brief]
[2]. .Jiang X, Kim HE, Shu H, et al. Distinctive roles of PHAP proteins and prothymosin-alpha in a death regulatory pathway. Science, 2003, 299(5604): 223-226. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.1578 mL | 20.7892 mL | 41.5783 mL | 103.9458 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8316 mL | 4.1578 mL | 8.3157 mL | 20.7892 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4158 mL | 2.0789 mL | 4.1578 mL | 10.3946 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2772 mL | 1.3859 mL | 2.7719 mL | 6.9297 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2079 mL | 1.0395 mL | 2.0789 mL | 5.1973 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1663 mL | 0.8316 mL | 1.6631 mL | 4.1578 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1386 mL | 0.6930 mL | 1.3859 mL | 3.4649 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1039 mL | 0.5197 mL | 1.0395 mL | 2.5986 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0832 mL | 0.4158 mL | 0.8316 mL | 2.0789 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0693 mL | 0.3465 mL | 0.6930 mL | 1.7324 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0520 mL | 0.2599 mL | 0.5197 mL | 1.2993 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0416 mL | 0.2079 mL | 0.4158 mL | 1.0395 mL |
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